Driving licence in Hong Kong

Driving licences in Hong Kong are issued by the Transport Department. A full driving licence is valid for 10 years (unless the driver is approaching 70 years old in age) and is compulsory in order to drive a motor vehicle.[1] Most driving licences are issued after the applicant passed a driving test for the respective type of vehicles. They may be issued without a test if the applicant is a holder of an overseas driving licence issued on passing a driving test in an approved country.

Hong Kong driving licence issued by the Transport Department
Driving licence in Hong Kong
Traditional Chinese香港駕駛執照

Format

In Hong Kong, a driving licence needs to be used along with another identity document, so it contains less information than in most other countries. The current version includes the holder's name, identity number (usually the same as the bearer's HKID number), driving entitlements and date of issue.[2] The Hong Kong Driving Licence does not have any photo.

Levels of licence

In Hong Kong, there are three levels of driving licences: learner's licence, provisional licence and full licence.

Learner's licence

A new driver can start to learn to drive only a private car (class 1), light goods vehicle (class 2), motorcycle (class 3) or motor tricycle (class 22), while most other classes are considered commercial vehicles and require a driver to have certain experience to learn them.

A person can apply for a learner's licence even before passing the written test (with the exception of motorcycle and motor tricycle).

A driver with a learner's licence may drive on any public road, except roads not permitted for learners, motorways and tunnels, under the following conditions:

  • carrying an L-plate at the front and back of the vehicle
  • in specified times
  • with the supervision of a qualified driving instructor (except motorcycle or motor tricycle)
  • carrying no other passenger other than the driving instructor, test examiners and one other learner

A learner's licence is valid for 1 year and can be renewed.

In order to apply for a motorcycle / motor tricycle learner's licence, the driver has to first attend a compulsory course in a driving school and pass the compulsory test, after then, he/she can apply for the learner's licence and learn driving on streets. Unlike other classes of vehicles, no driving instructor is necessary when learning driving a motorcycle / motor tricycle.

Probationary licence

After 1 October 2000, any person who applies to take a motorcycle or motor tricycle driving test is required to apply for a probationary driving licence upon passing the test. This scheme was extended to private cars and light goods vehicles in 2009. The holder of a probationary driving licence needs to undergo a 12-month probationary period. The probationary period will be extended by 6 months if convicted of a minor road traffic offence, and the licence will be cancelled if convicted of a serious road traffic offence.[3]

A driver with a probationary licence may drive on any public road under the following conditions:

  • carrying a P-plate at the front and back of the vehicle
  • limited to 70 km/h, even if the speed limit of the road is greater
  • cannot use the right lane on a motorway with 3 lanes or more, except when exiting on the right
  • cannot carry a passenger on a motorcycle.

Light goods vehicles driver are exempt from this scheme and can apply for a full licence after passing the test if he/she is considered an "experienced driver", i.e. have already held the full private car driving licence for 3 years, or 2 years after converting from a probationary licence, immediately before the application.

A probationary licence is valid for 1 year when first applied, and can be renewed by half a year if the probationary period is not yet over for a certain class of vehicle.

Full licence

After finishing the probationary period, the driver may apply for a full licence, valid for 10 years unless approaching 70 years old in age. For commercial vehicles, the driver may apply for a full licence after passing the test.

Vehicle Classification Code

Code Vehicle Classification Vehicle Classification Definition[4] Commercial licence A/T Probationary licence Licences you get w/o exam if you have the licence Other details
1Private CarA motor vehicle constructed or adapted for use solely for the carriage of a driver and not more than 7 passengers and their personal effects but does not include an invalid carriage, motor cycle, motor tricycle or taxi Red XNGreen tickYGreen tickY--
2Light Goods VehicleA goods vehicle having a permitted gross vehicle weight not exceeding 5.5 tonnesRed XNGreen tickYGreen tickY1 (Private Car)Holders of class 2A are eligible for applying class 1A only
3MotorcycleA two-wheeled motor vehicle with or without a sidecarRed XNGreen tickYGreen tickY22 (Motor Tricycle, M/T only)Holders of class 3A are not eligible for applying class 22 licence
4Private Light Bus A motor vehicle constructed or adapted for use solely for the carriage of a driver and not more than 19 passengers and their personal effects with weight not exceeding 8.5 tonnes and total length not exceeding 7.5 meters, but does not include an invalid carriage, motor cycle, motor tricycle, private car or taxi. A private light bus means a school private light bus or a light bus (other than a school private light bus) used or intended for use otherwise than for hire or reward or exclusively for the carriage of persons who are disabled persons and persons assisting them, whether or not for hire or reward; A public light bus means a light bus, other than any private light bus, which is used or intended for use for hire or rewardGreen tickYRed XNRed XNApplicants only need to pass one exam only to obtain both licences (4,5)
5Public Light Bus Green tickYRed XNRed XNBesides having a driving test, applicants of class 5 need to pass a pre-employment course
6Taxi A motor vehicle which is registered as a taxi under "Road Traffic Ordinance Ordinance" (Cap. 374) of "Hong Kong Law"Green tickYGreen tickYRed XN-Applicants need to pass a written exam about general legal requirements about taxi operations, knowledge about Hong Kong Street and the Road Users' Code
9Private Bus A motor vehicle constructed or adapted for the carriage of a driver and more than 19 passengers and their personal effects. A private bus means a bus used or intended for use otherwise than for hire or reward or for the carriage of passengers who are exclusively the students, teachers and employees of an educational institution or disabled persons and persons assisting them, whether or not for hire or reward; A public bus means a bus, other than any private bus, which is used or intended for use for hire or rewardGreen tickYGreen tickYRed XN4,5 (Light Buses)

Applicants only need to pass one exam only to obtain both licences (9,10)

Holders of class 9,10 may drive franchise buses without applying for class 17 licence. Holders of class 9A, 10A are eligible for applying class 4A, 5A only. Besides having a driving test, applicants of class 10 need to pass a pre-employment course
10Public Bus Green tickYGreen tickYRed XN
15Invalid Carriage  A motor vehicle especially designed and constructed for the sole use of a person suffering from physical defects or disabilitiesRed XNRed XNRed XN-
16Government Vehicle A vehicle owned by the GovernmentRed XNRed XNRed XN-Applicants have to be a public servant
17Public Bus - Franchised A motor vehicle constructed or adapted for the carriage of a driver and more than 19 passengers and their personal effects in respect of which a franchise is in force under the "Public Bus Services Ordinance" (Cap. 230) of "Hong Kong Law"Green tickYGreen tickYRed XN4,5 (Light Buses)
9,10 (Buses)
Applicants have to be an employee of a franchised bus company. Since currently all franchised buses in Hong Kong are automatic transmission, unless the applicant is a holder of class 18 or 19, he or she is eligible for applying class 17A only. Holders of class 17A are eligible for applying class 4A, 5A, 9A, 10A only
18Medium Goods Vehicle A goods vehicle having a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 5.5 tonnes but not exceeding 24 tonnesGreen tickYRed XNRed XN2 (Light Goods Vehicle)
19Heavy Goods Vehicle A goods vehicle having a permitted gross vehicle weight exceeding 24 tonnes but not exceeding 38 tonnesGreen tickYRed XNRed XN2 (Light Goods Vehicle)
18 (Medium Goods Vehicle)
20Articulated Vehicle A motor vehicle with a trailer so attached that part of the trailer is superimposed upon the motor vehicle, and when the trailer is uniformly loaded a substantial part of the weight of the load is borne by the motor vehicleGreen tickYRed XNRed XN19 (Heavy Goods Vehicle)Requires class 18/19 licence as prerequisite
21Special Purpose Vehicle A motor vehicle designed, constructed or adapted primarily for a use other than the carriage on a road of goods, the driver or passengers. E.g. Street washing vehicle, arrow vehicle, ice cream vehicle, road construction vehicle, food trucks etc.Green tickYRed XNRed XN-Requires class 2/18/19 licence as prerequisite
22Motor Tricycle A three-wheeled motor vehicle other than a motor cycle with a sidecar and a village vehicleRed XNRed XNGreen tickY-

Disused codes

  • 8 Goods vehicle (with weight exceeding 2.25 tonnes)
    • In the past, class 2 was vans with weight not exceeding 2.25 tones, and issuing class 1 (private car) licence could also automatically issue class 2
    • Now replaced by classes 18, 19 and 20
  • 12 public bus (double decker and Guy Arab bus)
  • 13 public bus (double decker and Seddon midibus)
    • Classes 12 and 13 are both replaced by class 17
  • 14 motor-assisted pedal cycle
    • Hong Kong no longer licenses moped to drive on public roads.

Direct issue of a driving licence

As stated on the application form for direct issue of full Hong Kong driving licence,[5] when a person has documentary evidence to the Commissioner's satisfaction that all of the following apply, the person is eligible to direct issue of a Hong Kong licence:

References

  1. Development and Changes of Driving Licences
  2. Hong Kong Driving Licence
  3. Probationary Driving Licence Scheme
  4. According to "Road Traffic Ordinance" (Cap. 374), "Road Traffic (Construction and Maintenance of Vehicles) Regulations" (Cap. 374A), "Road Traffic (Driving Licences) Regulations" (Cap. 374B) under the "Hong Kong Law"
  5. Application For Direct Issue Of Full Hong Kong Driving Licence
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