Dumingag

Dumingag, officially the Municipality of Dumingag (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Dumingag; Subanen: Benwa Dumingag; Chavacano: Municipalidad de Dumingag; Tagalog: Bayan ng Dumingag), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 48,881 people.[3]

Dumingag
Municipality
Municipality of Dumingag
Flag of Dumingag
Flag
Official seal of Dumingag
Seal
Map of Zamboanga del Sur with Dumingag highlighted
Map of Zamboanga del Sur with Dumingag highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Dumingag is located in Philippines
Dumingag
Dumingag
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 8°09′18″N 123°20′42″E
CountryPhilippines
RegionZamboanga Peninsula
ProvinceZamboanga del Sur
District 1st district
FoundedDecember 27, 1957
Barangays44 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorGerry T. Paglinawan
 • Vice MayorEdgardo G. Jamero
 • RepresentativeDivina Grace C. Yu
 • Municipal Council
Members
 • Electorate30,838 voters (2022)
Area
[2]
 • Total297.75 km2 (114.96 sq mi)
Elevation
118 m (387 ft)
Highest elevation
536 m (1,759 ft)
Lowest elevation
29 m (95 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[3]
 • Total48,881
 • Density160/km2 (430/sq mi)
 • Households
11,334
Economy
 • Income class2nd municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence
39.76
% (2018)[4]
 • Revenue₱ 213.5 million (2020)
 • Assets₱ 534.1 million (2020)
 • Expenditure₱ 185.9 million (2020)
 • Liabilities₱ 178.2 million (2020)
Service provider
 • ElectricityZamboanga del Sur 1 Electric Cooperative (ZAMSURECO 1)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
7028
PSGC
097308000
IDD : area code +63 (0)62
Native languagesSubanon
Cebuano
Chavacano
Tagalog
Websitedumingag.gov.ph

Etymology

Local stories said it is named after a noted Subanen chieftain, "Dumi" and his wife, "Ingag".[5] Another supposed origin of the name tells about the native fellow who was asked by a government agent as to what the name of the place was while watching a cockfight. After the game was over, the stranger inquired about the name of the place. The native curtly replied: "Duminag!" meaning "I won". The government agent misheard the word. Instead of "Duminag", he wrote down "Dumingag".

The authenticity of these stories, however, is questionable since there has never been a single piece of evidence or record that Dumi and Ingag had ever actually existed. The first non-Subanen settlers of Dumingag were from the Ilo-ilo town of Dumangas the Decolongon Family who cultivated town center area. According to more convincing sources, the earliest settlers arrived in Dumingag with renewed optimism after World War II and, starting their lives anew, they hailed the place as "Little Dumangas". Hence, this soon developed into the current name "Dumingag".

History

First inhabitants

The first inhabitants of Dumingag were the Subanens who initially came from the coastal areas of the province and the neighboring province of Misamis Occidental. Prior to that, the place was once a vast expanse of jungle and marshland.

Establishment as a municipality

Originally, Dumingag was a barrio, and was part of the municipality of Molave. It was created in 1950 and the first barrio lieutenant back then was Jose Montuerto. On December 27, 1957, by virtue of Executive Order No. 283 issued by President Carlos P. Garcia, Dumingag finally became a municipality. Ever since it acquired its municipality status, a total of five people have handled the position of municipal mayor. They are Isidoro Y. Real, Sr (1957-1978), Julian C. Kho (1978-1986), Domeciano Y. Real (1986-1998), Edgardo J. Jamero (1998-2007), and Nacianceno M. Pacalioga, Jr., who's currently the mayor now. Of all the mayors who served the position, Isidro Y. Real, Sr. is widely considered to be the municipality's father and builder, him being the first mayor and the one who has served the longest.

Martial law era

The 1970s brought a period of numerous concurrent conflicts on the island of Mindanao, including Dumingag and Zamboanga del Sur.[6][7][8][9] This included land dispute conflicts arising from the influx of settlers from Luzon and Visayas,[10][11] and from the Marcos administration’s encouragement of militia groups such as the Ilaga.[7][8] News of the 1968 Jabidah massacre ignited a furor in the Moro community, and ethnic tensions encouraged with the formation of secessionist movements.[12][8] Additionally, an economic crisis in late 1969, violent crackdowns on student protests in 1970, and 1971, and eventually the declaration of Martial Law all led to the radicalization of many students.[9] Many of them left schools in Manila and joined New People's Army units in their home provinces, bringing a Communist rebellion in the Philippines to Mindanao for the first time.[6]

Dumingag became the site of a significant event during this period on February 12, 1982. Members of the Ilaga militia killed 12 persons in Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur, allegedly to avenge the death of their leader, who they believed had been killed by the NPA.[13]

Geography

Dumingag is the northernmost town of Zamboanga del Sur, and is located in the heartlands of the Zamboanga peninsula. It is north-west of the fertile Salug Valley and its land boundaries are the municipality of Sergio Osmeña, Sr. of Zamboanga del Norte in the north, the municipality of Mahayag in the east, the municipalities of Sominot and Midsalip in the south, and the municipality of Siayan in the west. Dumingag is classified as a 3rd class municipality and, as of the August 2007 census, has a population of about 46,039.

Barangays

Dumingang is politically subdivided into 44 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios.

  • Bag-ong Valencia
  • Bag-ong Kauswagan
  • Bag-ong Silangan
  • Bucayan
  • Calumanggi
  • Canibongan
  • Caridad
  • Danlugan
  • Dapiwak
  • Datu Totocan
  • Dilud
  • Ditulan
  • Dulian
  • Dulop
  • Guintananan
  • Guitran
  • Gumpingan
  • La Fortuna
  • Labangon
  • Libertad
  • Licabang
  • Lipawan
  • Lower Landing
  • Lower Timonan
  • Macasing
  • Mahayahay
  • Manlabay
  • Malagalad
  • Maralag
  • Marangan
  • New Basak
  • Saad
  • Salvador
  • San Juan
  • San Pablo (Poblacion)
  • San Pedro (Poblacion)
  • San Vicente
  • Senote
  • Sinonok
  • Sunop
  • Tagun
  • Tamurayan
  • Upper Landing
  • Upper Timonan

Climate
Climate data for Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 28
(82)		 29
(84)		 30
(86)		 31
(88)		 30
(86)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 30
(86)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 29
(85)
Average low °C (°F) 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 23
(73)		 24
(74)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 104
(4.1)		 76
(3.0)		 92
(3.6)		 97
(3.8)		 199
(7.8)		 238
(9.4)		 195
(7.7)		 193
(7.6)		 178
(7.0)		 212
(8.3)		 171
(6.7)		 110
(4.3)		 1,865
(73.3)
Average rainy days 14.7 12.5 15.8 17.5 27.6 28.5 29.0 27.5 26.9 27.9 23.5 18.2 269.6
Source: Meteoblue[14]

Demographics
Population census of Dumingag
YearPop.±% p.a.
1960 23,713—    
1970 27,503+1.49%
1975 29,521+1.43%
1980 30,465+0.63%
1990 33,514+0.96%
1995 38,155+2.46%
2000 42,203+2.19%
2007 46,039+1.21%
2010 46,500+0.36%
2015 47,485+0.40%
2020 48,881+0.57%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[15][16][17][18]

Economy
Poverty Incidence of Dumingag
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[19][20]
[21][22][23][24][25]

References
  1.  Municipality of Dumingag | (DILG)
  2. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  3. Census of Population (2020). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  5. Dumingag Official Website Archived February 26, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (retrieved: 8 April 2009)
  6. Miclat, Gus (2002). "Our lives were never the same again". In Arguillas, Carolyn O. (ed.). Turning rage into courage : Mindanao under martial law. MindaNews Publications, Mindanao News and Information Cooperative Center. OCLC 644320116.
  7. The Bangsamoro Struggle for Self-Determintation: A Case Study
  8. Colin Mackerras; Foundation Professor in the School of Asian and International Studies Colin Mackerras (2 September 2003). Ethnicity in Asia. Routledge. pp. 143–. ISBN 978-1-134-51517-2.
  9. Rodis, Rodel (2015-01-30). "Remembering the First Quarter Storm". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
  10. See "History of the Philippines: From Indios Bravos to Filipinos" By Luis H. Francia| Link to page in the referenced book
  11. For an in-depth survey of indigenous peoples and forced land seizures in the Philippines, see Cultural Survival Quarterly.
  12. George, T. J. S. (1980). Revolt in Mindanao : the rise of Islam in Philippine politics. Kuala Lumpur. ISBN 0-19-580429-5. OCLC 6569089.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  13. Doyo, Ma. Ceres P. "Martial law massacres". Retrieved 2018-06-18.
  14. "Dumingag: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  15. Census of Population (2015). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  16. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  17. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  18. "Province of Zamboanga del Sur". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  19. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  20. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
  21. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 23 March 2009.
  22. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
  23. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
  24. "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 10 July 2019.
  25. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
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