Düsseldorf School of painting

The Düsseldorf School of painting is a term referring to a group of painters who taught or studied at the Düsseldorf Academy (now the Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf or Düsseldorf State Art Academy) roughly between 1819 and 1918,[1] first directed by the painter Wilhelm von Schadow.[2]

"Düsseldorf School" redirects here. For the music genre, see Krautrock. For the art school, see Kunstakademie Düsseldorf.

About

The work of the Düsseldorf School is characterized by finely detailed yet fanciful landscapes, often with religious or allegorical stories set in the landscapes. Major members of the Düsseldorf School advocated "plein air painting", and tended to use a palette with relatively subdued and even colors. The Düsseldorf School derived from and was a part of the German Romantic movement. Prominent members of the Düsselorf School included von Schadow, Karl Friedrich Lessing, Johann Wilhelm Schirmer, Andreas Achenbach, Hans Fredrik Gude, Adolph Tidemand, Oswald Achenbach, and Adolf Schrödter.[3]

The Düsseldorf School had a significant influence on the Hudson River School in the United States, and many prominent Americans trained at the Düsseldorf Academy and show the influence of the Düsseldorf School, including George Caleb Bingham, David Edward Cronin, Eastman Johnson, Worthington Whittredge, Richard Caton Woodville, William Stanley Haseltine, James McDougal Hart, Helen Searle, and William Morris Hunt, as well as German émigré Emanuel Leutze. Albert Bierstadt applied but was not accepted. His American friend Worthington Whittredge became his teacher while attending Düsseldorf.

Notable artists
The old "Academie of Düsseldorf", Andreas Achenbach, 1831
Clearing Up—Coast of Sicily, Andreas Achenbach, 1847, The Walters Art Museum
Jolly Flatboatmen in Port, George Caleb Bingham, 1857
Tranquillity after the Storm, Erik Bodom, 1871
Fugitive Slaves in the Dismal Swamp, Virginia, David Edward Cronin, 1888
On the Seashore, Eugen Dücker, 1875
The Veterans (From Days Gone By), Bengt Nordenberg, 1882, Hallwyl Museum
Die Amazonenschlacht, Anselm Feuerbach, 1873
Dandenong Ranges from Beleura, Eugene von Guerard, 1870
Negro Life at the South, Eastman Johnson, 1859
Washington Crossing the Delaware, Emanuel Leutze, 1851
Romantische Landschaft, Carl Friedrich Lessing
Rain in an oak forest, Ivan Shishkin, 1891
Mathilde Wesendonck, Karl Ferdinand Sohn, 1850

Between 1819 and 1918, some 4000 artists[4][5] belonged to the Düsseldorf school of painting, including:

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

W

Z

See also

References
  1. Als die zu betrachtende Zeitspanne der Düsseldorfer Malerschule hat sich unter Einbeziehung des Langen 19. Jahrhunderts der Zeitraum von 1819, das Jahr der preußischen Neugründung der Kunstakademie Düsseldorf und des Beginns des Direktorats von Peter Cornelius, bis 1918, das Jahr des Endes des Ersten Weltkriegs und des Deutschen Kaiserreichs, allgemein durchgesetzt. Der vom Kunsthistoriker Wolfgang Hütt vertretene Ansatz, das Jahr 1869 als das Datum einer gescheiterten Künstler-Revolte gegen das Direktorat einer „junkerlich-preußischen Beamtenbürokratie“ unter Hermann Altgelt als Ende der Düsseldorfer Malerschule zu betrachten, setzte sich nicht durch. – Vgl. Wolfgang Hütt: Die Düsseldorfer Malerschule 1819–1869. VEB E. A. Seemann Buch- und Kunstverlag, Leipzig 1983, S. 250 f.
  2. Schadow and his students "bildeten den Krystallisationspunkt, um den sich in späteren Jahren die Düsseldorfer Schule anlegte". Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter: Düsseldorfer Künstler aus den letzten fünfundzwanzig Jahren. Leipzig, 1854, S. 1
  3. Humboldt, Wilhelm von (1968). Albert Leitzmann (ed.). Gesammelte Schriften. 1. Abteilung: Werke. Band 6 1827–1835. Walter de Gruyter. p. 585. ISBN 978-3-11-019258-2. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  4. Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf und Galerie Paffrath (Hrsg.): Lexikon der Düsseldorfer Malerschule, 3 Bände, Düsseldorf und München, 1997–1999
  5. Baumgärtel, Bettina, ed. (2011). The Düsseldorf School of Painting and Its International Influence 1819-1918. Düsseldorf, Germany: Museum Kunstpalast. pp. 402–420. ISBN 978-3-86568-737-1.
  6. Lekisch, Barbara (2003). Embracing Scenes about Lakes Tahoe & Donner: Painters, Illustrators & Sketch Artists 1855–1915, pp 173–174. Great West Books. ISBN 0944220142
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