Emmer-Compascuum

Emmer-Compascuum is a village in the Netherlands and is part of the Emmen municipality in Drenthe.

Emmer-Compascuum
Village
Grenszicht in Emmer-Compascuum
Grenszicht in Emmer-Compascuum
Emmer-Compascuum is located in Drenthe
Emmer-Compascuum
Emmer-Compascuum
Location in province of Drenthe in the Netherlands
Emmer-Compascuum is located in Netherlands
Emmer-Compascuum
Emmer-Compascuum
Emmer-Compascuum (Netherlands)
Coordinates: 52.8117°N 7.0387°E / 52.8117; 7.0387
CountryNetherlands
ProvinceDrenthe
MunicipalityEmmen
Established1879
Area
[1]
 • Total39.31 km2 (15.18 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
17 m (56 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total7,690
 • Density200/km2 (510/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
7881[1]
Dialing code0591
Websiteemmer-compascuum.com

Emmer-Compascuum is located in the Bourtange moor between Germany and the Netherlands. It was originally a compascuum (common pasture). In 1879, Emmer-Compascuum was established.[3]

Background

The Bourtange moor, a large raised bog, formed the border between the Netherlands and Germany. It was an inhospitable uninhabited area which was dissected by the Runde River.[4] The shepherds from both Ober- and Niederlangen in Germany and Noord- and Zuidbarge in the Netherlands used the heath for their sheep.[5][4]

There was disagreement about the ownership, and a compascuum (common pasture) was agreed. The shepherds from both sides could use the land, but no permanent settlement was allowed. The compascuum did not solve the problem, and there were several large-scale fights between the Dutch and German farmers. In the 1824 Treaty of Meppen, the border was set, however the compascuum remained in effect until 1866 when permanent settlement was allowed in the moorland.[5][4]

History

In 1874, Emmen sold the compascuum for peat excavation. Between 1878 and 1880, the city of Groningen dug the Stads-Compascuumkanaal from Ter Apel, and the village of Emmer-Compascuum was founded in 1879 at the meeting point of the canal and the Runde River.[3] In 1907, the gristmill Grenszicht was moved from Oude Pekela to Emmer-Compascuum.[6] In 1932, it was home to 2,967 people.[7]

In 1947, ENKA opened a nylon factory in Emmer-Compascuum. At the height of its success, it employed 5,000 people.[8] Other factories like NPBI, a producer of sterile fluid for the pharmaceutical industry, followed.[9]

Notable people
  • Sculpture in Emmer-Compascuum
    Sculpture in Emmer-Compascuum
  • Sod house on the heath (low res)
    Sod house on the heath (low res)
  • Collapsed bridge (1965)
    Collapsed bridge (1965)

References
  1. "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021". Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  2. "Postcodetool for 7881AA". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  3. Ronald Stenvert (2001). Emmer-Compascuum (in Dutch). Zwolle: Waanders. p. 118. ISBN 90 400 9454 3. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  4. "Geschiedenis". Barger-compascuum (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  5. Leon Bok. "Barger-Compascuum". Dodenakkers (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  6. "Grenszicht". Molendatabase (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  7. Jan Harm Tuntler (1935). In en om de gemeente Emmen (in Dutch). Ten Kate. p. 89.
  8. "Fotoarchief AKU/Enka-fabriek". RTV Drenthe (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  9. "NPBI International b.v." Geheugen van Drenthe (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  10. "Annemarie Kremer". Theater encyclopedie (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
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