Estrilda

Estrilda is a genus of estrildid finch in the family Estrildidae.

Estrilda
Black-crowned waxbill (Estrilda nonnula)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Estrildidae
Genus: Estrilda
Swainson, 1827
Type species
Loxia astrild
Common waxbill
Linnaeus, 1758

Most of the genus is found in Africa with one species, the Arabian waxbill, ranging into Asia.

Some species are kept as pets and have been accidentally introduced to various parts of the world.

Taxonomy

The genus Estrilda was introduced in 1827 by the English naturalist William John Swainson with the common waxbill as the type species.[1] The name of the genus is from astrild, the specific epithet of the common waxbill that was introduced by Carl Linnaeus in 1758.[2]

Species

The genus contains 11 species:[3]

ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Black-crowned waxbillEstrilda nonnulaNigeria and Cameroon to southeast Sudan, west Kenya and northwest Tanzania
Black-headed waxbillEstrilda atricapillaAngola, Burundi, Cameroon, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda
Kandt's waxbillEstrilda kandticentral Africa
Orange-cheeked waxbillEstrilda melpodaAngola, Benin, Bermuda, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Zambia
Anambra waxbillEstrilda poliopareiasouthern Nigeria
Fawn-breasted waxbillEstrilda paludicolaAngola, Burundi, Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia
Common waxbillEstrilda astrildSierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Nigeria, Namibia, Angola, South Africa, Botswana, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Malawi, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Mozambique, Cameroon
Black-lored waxbillEstrilda nigrilorisDemocratic Republic of the Congo
Black-rumped waxbillEstrilda troglodytesBenin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France (introduced by Guadeloupe), Gambia, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Portugal (introduced), Puerto Rico, Senegal, Sudan, Togo, Uganda
Crimson-rumped waxbillEstrilda rhodopygaBurundi, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, South Africa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda
Arabian waxbillEstrilda rufibarbaYemen and southwestern Saudi Arabia

The genus formerly contained other species with "waxbill" in their common name that are now placed in the genera Coccopygia, Brunhilda and Glaucestrilda.[3]

References

  1. Swainson, William John (1827). "On several groups and forms in ornithology, not hitherto defined". Zoological Journal. 3: 343–363 [349–350].
  2. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  3. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Waxbills, parrotfinches, munias, whydahs, Olive Warbler, accentors, pipits". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 February 2023.


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