Demographics of Slovakia
Demographic features of the population of Slovakia include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. The demographic statistics are from the Statistical Office of the SR, unless otherwise indicated.
| Demographics of Slovakia | |
|---|---|
 Population pyramid of Slovakia in 2020 | |
| Population | 5,643,453 (2022 est.) |
| Growth rate | 3.60% (2022 est.) |
| Birth rate | 9.7 births/1,000 population |
| Death rate | 11.0 deaths/1,000 population |
| Life expectancy | 78.31 years |
| • male | 74.83 years |
| • female | 82.04 years |
| Fertility rate | 1.57 children |
| Infant mortality rate | 4.82 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Net migration rate | 0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Sex ratio | |
| Total | 0.94 male(s)/female (2022 est.) |
| Nationality | |
| Nationality | Slovak |
Population density in Slovakia, by district.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1848 | 2,442,000 | — |
| 1869 | 2,481,811 | +0.08% |
| 1880 | 2,477,521 | −0.02% |
| 1890 | 2,595,180 | +0.47% |
| 1900 | 2,782,925 | +0.70% |
| 1910 | 2,916,657 | +0.47% |
| 1921 | 2,993,859 | +0.24% |
| 1930 | 3,324,111 | +1.17% |
| 1946 | 3,327,803 | +0.01% |
| 1950 | 3,442,317 | +0.85% |
| 1961 | 4,174,046 | +1.77% |
| 1970 | 4,537,290 | +0.93% |
| 1980 | 4,991,168 | +0.96% |
| 1991 | 5,274,335 | +0.50% |
| 2001 | 5,379,455 | +0.20% |
| 2011 | 5,397,036 | +0.03% |
| 2021 | 5,449,270 | +0.10% |
| Source: | ||
Population
Total population: 5,795,199 as of 2023.
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2021.[1]
- One birth every 10 minutes
- One death every 9 minutes
- One net migrant every 480 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 1440 minutes
Population over time
| Census Date | Population | Population Density (per km2) |
|---|---|---|
| 1848-12-31 | 2,442,000 (est.) | 50 |
| 1869-12-31 | 2,481,811 | 51 |
| 1880-12-31 | 2,477,521 | 51 |
| 1890-12-31 | 2,595,180 | 53 |
| 1900-12-31 | 2,782,925 | 57 |
| 1910-12-31 | 2,916,657 | 60 |
| 1921-02-15 | 2,993,859 | 61 |
| 1930-12-01 | 3,324,111 | 68 |
| 1946-10-04 | 3,327,803 | 68 |
| 1950-03-01 | 3,442,317 | 70 |
| 1961-03-01 | 4,174,046 | 85 |
| 1970-12-01 | 4,537,290 | 93 |
| 1980-11-01 | 4,991,168 | 102 |
| 1991-03-03 | 5,274,335 | 108 |
| 2001-05-26 | 5,379,455 | 110 |
| 2011-05-21 | 5,397,036 | 110 |
| 2021-06-13 | 5,449,270 | 111 |
Population growth rate
- -0.08% (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 202nd
Fertility
Slovakia total fertility rate by region (2014)
|
1.5 - 1.7
1.4 - 1.5
1.3 - 1.4
< 1.3 |
The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation.[2]
| Years | 1876 | 1877 | 1878 | 1879 | 1880 | 1881 | 1882 | 1883 | 1884 | 1885 | 1886 | 1887 | 1888 | 1889 | 1890[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia | 5.96 | 5.96 | 5.92 | 5.87 | 5.83 | 5.78 | 5.74 | 5.77 | 5.8 | 5.83 | 5.86 | 5.9 | 5.83 | 5.76 | 5.7 |
| Years | 1891 | 1892 | 1893 | 1894 | 1895 | 1896 | 1897 | 1898 | 1899 | 1900[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia | 5.63 | 5.56 | 5.54 | 5.52 | 5.5 | 5.49 | 5.47 | 5.42 | 5.37 | 5.31 |
| Years | 1901 | 1902 | 1903 | 1904 | 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | 1908 | 1909 | 1910[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia | 5.26 | 5.21 | 5.16 | 5.1 | 5.04 | 4.99 | 4.93 | 4.86 | 4.78 | 4.71 |
| Years | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia | 4.63 | 4.56 | 4.13 | 3.7 | 3.28 | 2.85 | 2.43 | 3.03 |
1.45 children born/woman (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 211th
Mother's mean age at first birth
- 27.2 years (2019 est.)
Life expectancy
Life expectancy at birth in Slovakia
- total population: 78.07 years
- male: 74.56 years
- female: 81.82 years (2021 est.)
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 15.13% (male 423,180 /female 400,128)
- 15-24 years: 10.06% (male 280,284 /female 266,838)
- 25-54 years: 44.61% (male 1,228,462 /female 1,198,747)
- 55-64 years: 13.15% (male 342,142 /female 373,452)
- 65 years and over: 17.05% (male 366,267 /female 561,120) (2020 est.)
Median age
- total: 41.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 41st
- male: 40.1 years
- female: 43.6 years (2020 est.)
Vital statistics
| Average population |
Live births | Deaths | Natural change |
Births (per 1000) |
Deaths (per 1000) |
Natural change (per 1000) |
Fertility rates |
Induced abortions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1919 | 2,940,000 | 91,729 | 56,866 | 34,863 | 31.2 | 19.3 | 11.9 | 3.64 | |
| 1920 | 3,001,000 | 97,680 | 61,084 | 36,596 | 32.6 | 20.4 | 12.2 | 4.25 | |
| 1921 | 3,006,000 | 114,947 | 63,507 | 51,440 | 38.2 | 21.1 | 17.1 | 4.96 | |
| 1922 | 3,046,000 | 111,059 | 62,902 | 48,157 | 36.5 | 20.7 | 15.8 | 4.67 | |
| 1923 | 3,095,000 | 111,070 | 54,176 | 56,894 | 35.9 | 17.5 | 18.4 | 4.55 | |
| 1924 | 3,135,000 | 106,062 | 56,322 | 49,740 | 33.8 | 18.0 | 15.9 | 4.25 | |
| 1925 | 3,168,000 | 102,867 | 56,171 | 46,696 | 32.5 | 17.7 | 14.7 | 4.01 | |
| 1926 | 3,202,000 | 103,955 | 59,701 | 44,254 | 32.5 | 18.6 | 13.8 | 3.98 | |
| 1927 | 3,232,000 | 99,891 | 59,172 | 40,719 | 30.9 | 18.3 | 12.6 | 3.76 | |
| 1928 | 3,258,000 | 99,673 | 58,320 | 41,353 | 30.6 | 17.9 | 12.7 | 3.69 | |
| 1929 | 3,286,000 | 95,387 | 56,447 | 38,940 | 29.0 | 17.2 | 11.9 | 3.48 | |
| 1930 | 3,315,000 | 96,898 | 52,268 | 44,630 | 29.2 | 15.8 | 13.5 | 3.49 | |
| 1931 | 3,350,000 | 93,309 | 54,273 | 39,036 | 27.9 | 16.2 | 11.7 | 3.33 | |
| 1932 | 3,388,000 | 93,140 | 52,992 | 40,148 | 27.5 | 15.6 | 11.9 | 3.29 | |
| 1933 | 3,424,000 | 84,975 | 50,655 | 34,320 | 24.8 | 14.8 | 10.0 | 2.96 | |
| 1934 | 3,456,000 | 83,493 | 50,178 | 33,315 | 24.2 | 14.5 | 9.6 | 2.86 | |
| 1935 | 3,486,000 | 82,382 | 49,830 | 32,552 | 23.6 | 14.3 | 9.3 | 2.8 | |
| 1936 | 3,515,000 | 80,923 | 48,547 | 32,376 | 23.0 | 13.8 | 9.2 | 2.79 | |
| 1937 | 3,540,000 | 79,862 | 49,527 | 30,335 | 22.6 | 14.0 | 8.6 | 2.77 | |
| 1938 | 3,726,000 | 80,800 | 49,700 | 31,100 | 21.7 | 13.3 | 8.3 | 2.8 | |
| 1939 | 3,577,000 | 81,200 | 48,800 | 32,400 | 22.7 | 13.6 | 9.1 | 2.83 | |
| 1940 | 3,553,000 | 85,300 | 52,900 | 32,400 | 24.0 | 14.9 | 9.1 | 2.87 | |
| 1941 | 3,542,000 | 85,700 | 53,600 | 32,100 | 24.2 | 15.1 | 9.1 | 2.9 | |
| 1942 | 3,523,000 | 87,200 | 55,900 | 31,300 | 24.8 | 15.9 | 8.9 | 2.93 | |
| 1943 | 3,503,000 | 87,700 | 50,900 | 36,800 | 25.0 | 14.5 | 10.5 | 2.96 | |
| 1944 | 3,484,000 | 91,600 | 58,100 | 33,500 | 26.3 | 16.7 | 9.6 | 3 | |
| 1945 | 3,459,000 | 81,880 | 67,505 | 14,375 | 23.7 | 19.5 | 4.2 | 3.03 | |
| 1946 | 3,392,000 | 82,204 | 47,589 | 34,615 | 24.2 | 14.0 | 10.2 | 3.09 | |
| 1947 | 3,399,000 | 87,659 | 41,491 | 46,168 | 25.8 | 12.2 | 13.6 | 3.21 | |
| 1948 | 3,446,000 | 91,189 | 40,873 | 50,316 | 26.5 | 11.9 | 14.6 | 3.24 | |
| 1949 | 3,447,000 | 91,053 | 41,727 | 49,326 | 26.4 | 12.1 | 14.3 | 3.28 | |
| 1950 | 3,463,000 | 99,721 | 39,668 | 60,053 | 28.8 | 11.5 | 17.4 | 3.56 | |
| 1951 | 3,509,000 | 100,663 | 40,505 | 60,158 | 28.5 | 11.5 | 17.0 | 3.58 | |
| 1952 | 3,558,000 | 100,824 | 36,897 | 63,927 | 28.0 | 10.2 | 17.7 | 3.57 | |
| 1953 | 3,599,000 | 99,124 | 35,598 | 63,526 | 26.9 | 9.7 | 17.3 | 3.50 | |
| 1954 | 3,661,000 | 98,310 | 34,866 | 63,444 | 26.2 | 9.3 | 16.9 | 3.45 | |
| 1955 | 3,727,000 | 99,305 | 32,917 | 66,388 | 26.0 | 8.6 | 17.4 | 3.47 | |
| 1956 | 3,787,000 | 99,467 | 32,815 | 66,652 | 25.5 | 8.4 | 17.1 | 3.46 | |
| 1957 | 3,844,000 | 97,311 | 35,755 | 61,556 | 24.5 | 9.0 | 15.5 | 3.34 | |
| 1958 | 3,900,000 | 93,272 | 32,106 | 61,166 | 23.1 | 7.9 | 15.1 | 3.25 | 12,383 |
| 1959 | 3,946,000 | 87,991 | 34,077 | 53,914 | 21.5 | 8.3 | 13.1 | 3.07 | 17,217 |
| 1960 | 3,994,000 | 88,412 | 31,609 | 56,803 | 22.1 | 7.9 | 14.2 | 3.08 | 20,738 |
| 1961 | 4,182,000 | 87,359 | 31,403 | 55,956 | 21.6 | 7.8 | 13.8 | 3.04 | 24,244 |
| 1962 | 4,238,000 | 83,899 | 34,398 | 49,501 | 19.8 | 8.1 | 11.7 | 2.84 | 23,784 |
| 1963 | 4,282,000 | 87,158 | 32,978 | 54,180 | 20.4 | 7.7 | 12.7 | 2.95 | 19,076 |
| 1964 | 4,327,000 | 86,878 | 32,875 | 54,003 | 20.1 | 7.6 | 12.5 | 2.91 | 19,174 |
| 1965 | 4,371,000 | 84,257 | 35,910 | 48,347 | 19.3 | 8.2 | 11.1 | 2.80 | 21,037 |
| 1966 | 4,412,000 | 81,453 | 36,357 | 45,096 | 18.5 | 8.2 | 10.2 | 2.68 | 24,445 |
| 1967 | 4,449,000 | 77,537 | 35,458 | 42,079 | 17.4 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 2.50 | 26,571 |
| 1968 | 4,484,000 | 76,370 | 38,076 | 38,294 | 17.0 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 2.40 | 27,398 |
| 1969 | 4,519,000 | 79,769 | 40,623 | 39,146 | 17.7 | 9.0 | 8.7 | 2.43 | 28,534 |
| 1970 | 4,550,000 | 80,666 | 42,240 | 38,426 | 17.7 | 9.3 | 8.4 | 2.40 | 27,873 |
| 1971 | 4,557,000 | 83,062 | 42,856 | 40,206 | 18.2 | 9.4 | 8.8 | 2.42 | 28,619 |
| 1972 | 4,597,000 | 87,794 | 41,410 | 46,384 | 19.1 | 9.0 | 10.1 | 2.49 | 26,213 |
| 1973 | 4,641,000 | 92,953 | 43,759 | 49,194 | 20.0 | 9.4 | 10.6 | 2.56 | 25,335 |
| 1974 | 4,690,000 | 97,585 | 44,934 | 52,651 | 20.8 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 2.60 | 26,086 |
| 1975 | 4,739,000 | 97,649 | 45,248 | 52,401 | 20.6 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 2.53 | 26,160 |
| 1976 | 4,790,000 | 99,814 | 45,420 | 54,394 | 20.8 | 9.5 | 11.4 | 2.52 | 27,700 |
| 1977 | 4,841,000 | 99,533 | 47,181 | 52,352 | 20.6 | 9.7 | 10.8 | 2.47 | 27,875 |
| 1978 | 4,890,000 | 100,193 | 47,778 | 52,415 | 20.5 | 9.8 | 10.7 | 2.45 | 28,641 |
| 1979 | 4,939,000 | 100,240 | 47,837 | 52,403 | 20.3 | 9.7 | 10.6 | 2.44 | 29,981 |
| 1980 | 4,984,000 | 95,100 | 50,579 | 44,521 | 19.1 | 10.1 | 8.9 | 2.31 | 31,240 |
| 1981 | 5,016,000 | 93,290 | 49,632 | 43,658 | 18.6 | 9.9 | 8.7 | 2.28 | 31,943 |
| 1982 | 5,055,000 | 92,618 | 50,393 | 42,225 | 18.3 | 10.0 | 8.4 | 2.26 | 33,107 |
| 1983 | 5,092,000 | 92,053 | 52,433 | 39,620 | 18.1 | 10.3 | 7.8 | 2.27 | 33,625 |
| 1984 | 5,127,000 | 90,843 | 51,739 | 39,104 | 17.7 | 10.1 | 7.6 | 2.25 | 34,268 |
| 1985 | 5,162,000 | 90,155 | 52,464 | 37,691 | 17.5 | 10.2 | 7.3 | 2.26 | 36,283 |
| 1986 | 5,193,000 | 87,138 | 53,233 | 33,905 | 16.8 | 10.3 | 6.5 | 2.20 | 40,624 |
| 1987 | 5,224,000 | 84,006 | 52,980 | 31,026 | 16.1 | 10.1 | 5.9 | 2.18 | 49,690 |
| 1988 | 5,251,000 | 83,242 | 52,475 | 30,767 | 15.9 | 10.0 | 5.9 | 2.15 | 51,000 |
| 1989 | 5,276,000 | 80,116 | 53,902 | 26,214 | 15.2 | 10.2 | 5.0 | 2.08 | 48,602 |
| 1990 | 5,298,000 | 79,989 | 54,619 | 25,370 | 15.1 | 10.3 | 4.8 | 2.09 | 48,437 |
| 1991 | 5,283,000 | 78,569 | 54,618 | 23,951 | 14.9 | 10.3 | 4.5 | 2.05 | 45,902 |
| 1992 | 5,307,000 | 74,640 | 53,423 | 21,217 | 14.1 | 10.1 | 4.0 | 1.99 | 42,626 |
| 1993 | 5,325,000 | 73,256 | 52,707 | 20,549 | 13.8 | 9.9 | 3.9 | 1.93 | 38,815 |
| 1994 | 5,347,000 | 66,370 | 51,386 | 14,984 | 12.4 | 9.6 | 2.8 | 1.67 | 34,883 |
| 1995 | 5,364,000 | 61,427 | 52,686 | 8,741 | 11.5 | 9.8 | 1.6 | 1.52 | 29,409 |
| 1996 | 5,374,000 | 60,123 | 51,236 | 8,887 | 11.2 | 9.5 | 1.7 | 1.47 | 25,173 |
| 1997 | 5,383,000 | 59,310 | 52,080 | 7,230 | 11.0 | 9.7 | 1.3 | 1.43 | 22,318 |
| 1998 | 5,391,000 | 57,582 | 53,156 | 4,426 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 0.8 | 1.37 | 21,109 |
| 1999 | 5,396,000 | 56,223 | 52,402 | 3,821 | 10.4 | 9.7 | 0.7 | 1.33 | 19,949 |
| 2000 | 5,401,000 | 55,151 | 52,724 | 2,427 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 0.4 | 1.29 | 18,468 |
| 2001 | 5,379,000 | 51,136 | 51,980 | -844 | 9.5 | 9.7 | -0.2 | 1.20 | 18,026 |
| 2002 | 5,379,000 | 50,841 | 51,532 | -691 | 9.5 | 9.6 | -0.1 | 1.19 | 17,382 |
| 2003 | 5,379,000 | 51,713 | 52,230 | -517 | 9.6 | 9.7 | -0.1 | 1.20 | 16,222 |
| 2004 | 5,383,000 | 53,747 | 51,852 | 1,895 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 0.4 | 1.24 | 15,307 |
| 2005 | 5,387,000 | 54,430 | 53,475 | 955 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 0.2 | 1.25 | 14,427 |
| 2006 | 5,391,000 | 53,904 | 53,301 | 603 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 0.1 | 1.24 | 14,243 |
| 2007 | 5,398,000 | 54,424 | 53,856 | 568 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 0.1 | 1.26 | 13,424 |
| 2008 | 5,407,000 | 57,360 | 53,164 | 4,196 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 0.8 | 1.32 | 13,394 |
| 2009 | 5,418,000 | 61,217 | 52,913 | 8,304 | 11.3 | 9.8 | 1.5 | 1.41 | 13,240 |
| 2010 | 5,431,000 | 60,410 | 53,445 | 6,965 | 11.1 | 9.8 | 1.3 | 1.40 | 12,582 |
| 2011 | 5,398,000 | 60,813 | 51,903 | 8,910 | 11.3 | 9.6 | 1.7 | 1.45 | 11,789 |
| 2012 | 5,408,000 | 55,535 | 52,437 | 3,098 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 0.6 | 1.34 | 11,214 |
| 2013 | 5,416,000 | 54,823 | 52,089 | 2,734 | 10.1 | 9.6 | 0.5 | 1.34 | 11,105 |
| 2014 | 5,421,000 | 55,033 | 51,346 | 3,687 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 0.7 | 1.37 | 10,582 |
| 2015 | 5,426,000 | 55,604 | 53,826 | 1,778 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 0.4 | 1.40 | 10,058 |
| 2016 | 5,435,000 | 57,557 | 52,351 | 5,206 | 10.6 | 9.6 | 1.0 | 1.48 | 9,390 |
| 2017[3][4] | 5,443,000 | 57,969 | 53,914 | 4,055 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 0.8 | 1.52 | 9,083 |
| 2018 | 5,450,000 | 57,639 | 54,293 | 3,346 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 0.6 | 1.54 | 9,039 |
| 2019 | 5,458,000 | 57,054 | 53,234 | 3,820 | 10.5 | 9.8 | 0.7 | 1.56 | 6,682 |
| 2020[5] | 5,459,781 | 56,650 | 59,089 | -2,439 | 10.4 | 10.8 | -0.4 | 1.59 | 6,180 |
| 2021 | 5,434,712 | 56,565 | 73,461 | -16,896 | 10.4 | 13.5 | -3.1 | 1.64 | 5,552 |
| 2022 | 5,428,800 | 52,668 | 59,583 | -6,915 | 9.7 | 11.0 | -1.3 | 1.57 | 5,891 |
Current vital statistics
| Period | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|
| January - July 2022 | 31,032 | 35,265 | -4,233 |
| January - July 2023 | 28,391 | 30,977 | -2,586 |
| Difference |  -2,641 (-8.51%) |
 -4,288 (-12.16%) |
 +1,647 |
Structure of the population
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.I.2021): [7]
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 2 666 486 | 2 793 295 | 5 459 781 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 151 050 | 143 932 | 294 982 | 5.40 |
| 5–9 | 148 703 | 141 292 | 289 995 | 5.31 |
| 10–14 | 145 175 | 138 142 | 283 317 | 5.19 |
| 15–19 | 134 762 | 127 412 | 262 174 | 4.80 |
| 20–24 | 146 693 | 139 514 | 286 207 | 5.24 |
| 25–29 | 178 989 | 171 583 | 350 572 | 6.42 |
| 30–34 | 205 583 | 197 417 | 403 000 | 7.38 |
| 35–39 | 223 148 | 210 774 | 433 922 | 7.95 |
| 40–44 | 233 997 | 219 935 | 453 932 | 8.31 |
| 45–49 | 210 693 | 203 524 | 414 217 | 7.59 |
| 50–54 | 172 944 | 172 772 | 345 716 | 6.33 |
| 55–59 | 174 312 | 181 729 | 356 041 | 6.52 |
| 60–64 | 167 771 | 185 911 | 353 682 | 6.48 |
| 65-69 | 150 908 | 184 068 | 334 976 | 6.14 |
| 70-74 | 103 829 | 143 803 | 247 632 | 4.54 |
| 75-79 | 59 778 | 100 517 | 160 295 | 2.94 |
| 80-84 | 34 122 | 69 918 | 104 040 | 1.91 |
| 85-89 | 16 505 | 40 150 | 56 655 | 1.04 |
| 90-94 | 5 395 | 15 678 | 21 073 | 0.39 |
| 95-99 | 1 462 | 4 076 | 5 538 | 0.10 |
| 100+ | 667 | 1 148 | 1 815 | 0.03 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 444 928 | 423 366 | 868 294 | 15.90 |
| 15–64 | 1 848 892 | 1 810 571 | 3 659 463 | 67.03 |
| 65+ | 372 666 | 559 358 | 932 024 | 17.07 |
Languages
Slovak (official) 81.77%, Hungarian 8.48%, Roma 1.84%, Rusyn 0.71%, other or unspecified 7.2% (2021 census)
Employment and income
Unemployment, youth ages 15–24
- Total: 19.4%. Country comparison to the world: 81st
- Male: 18.3%
- Female: 21.2% (2020 est.)
Ethnic groups
Ethnic composition within the territory of modern Slovakia in 1910
Ethnic structure of Slovakia according to Census 2011
Linguistic structure of Slovakia in 2021
The majority of the 5.4 million inhabitants of Slovakia are Slovak (83.82%). Hungarians are the largest ethnic minority (7.75%) and are concentrated in the southern and eastern regions of Slovakia. Other ethnic groups include Roma (1.23%), Czechs, Croats, Rusyns, Ukrainians, Germans, Poles, Gorals, Serbs[8] and Jews (about 2,300 remain of the estimated pre-WWII population of 120,000).
While both international organizations (the United Nations and the World Bank) and the official Slovak statistics office offer population figures for ethnic groups, these figures seldom come close to agreement. Figures for the Roma population (for a variety of reasons) vary between 1% and 10% of the population. In the most recent survey carried out by the Slovak Government's Roma Plenipotentiary, the figure for the percentage of Roma was arrived at through interview with municipality representatives and mayors, according to how many Roma they think live in their jurisdictions. The figure arrived at by this means was in the region of 300,000 (about 5.6%). Note that in the case of the 5.6%, however, the above percentages of Hungarians and Slovaks are lower accordingly.
| Ethnic group |
census 1950 | census 1961 | census 1970 | census 1980 | census 1991 | census 2001 | census 2011 | census 2021[11] | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Slovaks | 86.6 | 85.3 | 85.5 | 4,317,008 | 86.5 | 4,519,328 | 85.7 | 4,614,854 | 85.8 | 4,352,775 | 80.7 | 4,567,547 | 83.8% | |||
| Hungarians | 10.3 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 559,490 | 11.2 | 567,296 | 10.8 | 520,528 | 9.7 | 458,467 | 8.5 | 422,065 | 7.7% | |||
| Romani1 | - | - | - | - | - | 75,802 | 1.4 | 89,920 | 1.7 | 105,738 | 2.0 | 67,179 | 1.2% | |||
| Czechs | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 57,197 | 1.1 | 59,326 | 1.1 | 44,620 | 0.8 | 30,367 | 0.6 | 28,996 | 0.5% | |||
| Rusyns | 1.4 | - | 0.9 | 36,850 | 0.7 | 17,197 | 0.3 | 24,201 | 0.4 | 33,482 | 0.6 | 23,746 | 0.4% | |||
| Ukrainians | 13,281 | 0.3 | 10,814 | 0.2 | 7,430 | 0.1 | 9,451 | 0.2% | ||||||||
| Others/undeclared | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 20,623 | 0.4 | 22,105 | 0.4 | 74,518 | 1.4 | 408,777 | 7.5 | 330,286 | 6.1% | |||
| Total | 3,442,317 | 4,174,046 | 4,537,290 | 4,991,168 | 5,274,335 | 5,379,455 | 5,397,036 | 5,450,421 | ||||||||
| 1 Before 1991 the Romani were not recognized as a separate ethnic group | ||||||||||||||||
The official state language is Slovak, and Hungarian is widely spoken in the southern regions.
Despite its modern European economy and society, Slovakia has a significant rural element. About 45% of Slovaks live in villages with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants, and 14% in villages with fewer than 1,000.
Religion
Religious structure of Slovakia in 2011
The Slovak constitution guarantees freedom of religion. The majority of Slovak citizens (55,76%) practice Roman Catholicism; the second-largest group consider themselves atheists (23.79%). About 5.27% are Protestants, 4% are Greek Catholics, and 0.93% are Orthodox and Reformed Christian Church 1.56% (2021 census).
See also
References
- "Slovakia Population 2021", World Population Review
- Max Roser (2014), "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", Our World In Data, Gapminder Foundation, archived from the original on 2019-03-09, retrieved 2019-05-02
- "Štatistický úrad SR". Portal.statistics.sk. Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- "Main demographic data". Infostat.sk. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- "Štatistický úrad SR". Portal.statistics.sk.
- "Population Change".
- "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org. Retrieved 2023-05-10.
- "Serbs in Slovakia granted minority status". Archived from the original on 2010-09-18. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- "Demographic data from population and housing censuses in Slovakia". Sodb.infostat.sk. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- "Development of prices in production area in July 2017" (PDF). Portal.statistics.sk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2007. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- "Ethnic composition of Slovakia 2021". Retrieved 5 July 2022.
External links
- "New Page 1". Statistics.sk. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- "Main demographic data". Infostat.sk. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- (in Czech) summary of villages in Hungary in 1864 - 1865, PETROV, Alexej Leonidovich. Sborník Fr. Pestyho Helység névtara-Seznam osad v Uhrách z r. 1864-65, : jako pramen historicko-demografických údajů o slovenských a karpatoruských osadách. Praha : Česká akademie věd a umění, 1927. 174 s. - available online at University Library in Bratislava Digital Library
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