Euhadra

Euhadra is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Bradybaeninae of the family Camaenidae. [2]

Euhadra
Euhadra quaesita
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Camaenidae
Subfamily: Bradybaeninae
Tribe: Euhadrini
Genus: Euhadra
Pilsbry, 1890[1]
Synonyms
  • Eulota (Euhadra) Pilsbry, 1890
  • Helix (Euhadra) Pilsbry, 1890

(This snail genus was previously placed in the family Eulotidae).

A few of the species in this genus are unusual in that specimens in those species always have left-handed "sinistral" coiling in their shells, as shown in the specimen on the right. The rest of the species in the genus are right-handed or "dextral" in the shell coiling, as is usually the case in the great majority of gastropods.

Distribution

These snails are almost endemic to Japan, but one of them are distributed in Korea.

Species

Most species in this genus have a dextral shell and 5 species are sinistral.[3]

Dextral species

Dextral species in the genus Euhadra include:

  • Euhadra amaliae (Kobelt, 1875)
  • Euhadra awaensis (Pilsbry, 1902)
  • Euhadra brandtii (Kobelt, 1875)
  • Euhadra callizona (Crosse, 1871)
  • Euhadra caspari (Möllendorff, 1884)
  • Euhadra cecillei (Philippi, 1849)
  • Euhadra congenita (E. A. Smith, 1878)
  • Euhadra cyclolabris Möllendorff, 1899
  • Euhadra dixoni (Pilsbry, 1900)
  • Euhadra eoa (Crosse, 1868)
  • Euhadra granulifera (Möllendorff, 1888)
  • Euhadra herklotsi (Martens, 1861)
  • Euhadra idzumonis (Pilsbry & Gulick, 1900)
  • Euhadra kunoensis Kuroda in Masuda & Habe, 1989
  • Euhadra latispira (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1909)
    • Euhadra latispira yagurai Kuroda & Habe, 1949
  • Euhadra luhuana (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839)
  • Euhadra moreletiana (Heude, 1882)
  • Euhadra nachicola Kuroda, 1929
  • Euhadra nesiotica (Pilsbry, 1902)
  • † Euhadra pachya (Pilsbry, 1902)
  • Euhadra peliomphala (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
  • Euhadra sadoensis (Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1903)
  • Euhadra sandai (Kobelt, 1879)
  • Euhadra schmackeri (Möllendorff, 1888)
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana (Kobelt, 1875)
    • Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis (Gulick & Pilsbry, 1900)
    • Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola
    • Euhadra senckenbergiana notoensis
    • Euhadra senckenbergiana minoensis
    • Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana
  • Euhadra sigeonis Kuroda, 1944
  • Euhadra subnimbosa (Kobelt, 1894)
  • † Euhadra takarajimana M. Azuma & Y. Azuma, 1985
  • Euhadra tokarainsula Minato & Habe, 1982
  • Euhadra yakushimana (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903)
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
    Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
    Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola
    Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana
    Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana

Sinistral species
Euhadra murayamai

Sinistral species in the genus Euhadra include:

  • Euhadra decorata (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903)
  • Euhadra grata (Gude, 1900)
    • Euhadra grata echigoensis Murayama, Takizawa & Habe, 1991
  • Euhadra murayamai Habe, 1976
  • Euhadra quaesita (Deshayes, 1850), Sought-after False Hadra
  • Euhadra scaevola (Martens, 1877)
Species brought into synonymy
  • Euhadra amphidroma Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Trichocathaica amphidroma (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra carphochroa Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena carphochroa (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra eris Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena eris (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra halpozona Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena halpozona (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra hickonis Kobelt, 1879: synonym of Euhadra congenita (E. A. Smith, 1878) (junior synonym)
  • Euhadra iwadensis Toba & Kuroda, 1936: synonym of Euhadra decorata decorata (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903) (junior synonym)
  • Euhadra kanmuriensis Azuma & Tada, 1969: synonym of Euhadra sandai communis Pilsbry, 1928 (junior synonym)
  • Euhadra kanoi Kuroda, 1932: synonym of Nesiohelix kanoi (Kuroda, 1932) (original combination)
  • Euhadra koreana (L. Pfeiffer, 1850): synonym of Fruticicola koreana (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
  • Euhadra micromphala Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena micromphala (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra pekanensis H. Rolle, 1911: synonym of Satsuma pekanensis (H. Rolle, 1911) (original combination)
  • Euhadra pseudocampylaea Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena pseudocampylaea (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra pseudopapuina Möllendorff, 1901: synonym of Aegista pseudopapuina (Möllendorff, 1901) (original combination)
  • Euhadra strauchiana Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena strauchiana (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra strictotaenia Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena strictotaenia (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra tenuitesta Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena tenuitesta (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
  • Euhadra tobai S. Hirase, 1929: synonym of Euhadra decorata decorata (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903) (junior synonym)
  • Euhadra tokarana Azuma, 1982: synonym of Euhadra tokarainsula tokarainsula Minato & Habe, 1982

References
  1. Pilsbry H. A. (1890) In: Tryon & Pilsbry, Manual of Conchology (2)6: 94-95.
  2. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Euhadra Pilsbry, 1890. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=995784 on 2021-02-08
  3. Davison A, Chiba S, Barton NH, Clarke B (2005). "Speciation and Gene Flow between Snails of Opposite Chirality". PLOS Biology. 3 (9, e282): e282. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030282. PMC 1182688. PMID 16149849. open access

Further reading
  • Richards, Paul M.; Morii, Yuta; Kimura, Kazuki; Hirano, Takahiro; Chiba, Satoshi; Davison, Angus (1 December 2017). "Single-gene speciation: Mating and gene flow between mirror-image snails". Evolution Letters. 1 (6): 282–291. doi:10.1002/evl3.31. ISSN 2056-3744. PMC 6121799. PMID 30283656.
  • Ueshima R. & Asami T. (16 October 2003). "Evolution: Single-gene speciation by left–right reversal". Nature 425: 679. doi:10.1038/425679a
  • (in Japanese) Kawana M. (2007). かたつむりの世界〈マイマイ属〉 The world of land snails (Euhadra) in Japan. Nagoya, Kinmirai-sha. 332 pp. ISBN 978-4-906431-25-0 (with English introduction)
  • Yamazaki N., Ueshima R., Terrett J. A., Yokobori S., Kaifu M., Segawa R., Kobayashi T., Numachi K., Ueda T., Nishikawa K., Watanabe K. & Thomas R. H. (1997). "Evolution of pulmonate gastropod mitochondrial genomes: comparisons of complete gene organizations of Euhadra, Cepaea and Albinaria and implications of unusual tRNA secondary structures". Genetics 145: 749-758.
  • Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017
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