Euphasmatodea

The Euphasmatodea,[1][2] also known by its junior synonym Verophasmatodea is a suborder of the Phasmatodea, which contains the vast majority of the extant species of stick and leaf insects, excluding the Timematodea. The oldest record of Euphasmatodea is Araripephasma from the Crato Formation of Brazil, dating to the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous.[3]

Euphasmatodea
Temporal range:
Heteropteryx dilatata from Malaysia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
(unranked): Anartioptera
Magnorder: Polyorthoptera
Superorder: Orthopterida
Order: Phasmatodea
Suborder: Euphasmatodea
Cliquennois, 2020?
Superfamilies

Aschiphasmatoidea
Bacilloidea
Phyllioidea
Pseudophasmatoidea
3 families incertae sedis

Synonyms

Verophasmatodea Zompro, 2004

Superfamilies and families

The suborder was divided into two infraorders: the Areolatae and Anareolatae, based on the presence or absence of an "areola": a small ring of colour or gap in wing margin - see the Glossary of entomology terms. This division has now been superseded with the "suborder Agathemerodea ... downgraded and Areolatae/Anareolatae divisions removed, leaving the existing four superfamilies in Euphasmatodea".[1]

Aschiphasmatoidea

Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893

  • †Archipseudophasmatidae[4]
  • Aschiphasmatidae - Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (Tropical Southeast Asia)
  • Damasippoididae - Zompro, 2004 (Madagascar)
  • Prisopodidae - Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (Central and South America, South Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia)

Bacilloidea

Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893

Phyllioidea

Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893

  • Phylliidae - Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (Australasia, Asia, Pacific)

Pseudophasmatoidea

Auth. Rehn, 1904; especially Americas, Madagascar, Asia, Australasia, Europe

Infraorder Anareolatae

The following three families were previously placed in the "Anareolatae", but are currently (2021) considered incertae sedis.

  • Diapheromeridae - Kirby, 1904 - Worldwide distribution (except the Antarctic)
  • Lonchodidae - Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893[5][6] - Worldwide, but especially southern Africa, Asia & Australia
  • Phasmatidae - Gray, 1835 - Asia, Australasia, Americas (especially South), Pacific, Africa

References
  1. Phasmida Species File: suborder Euphasmatodea (Version 5.0/5.0; retrieved 27 May 2021)
  2. Cliquennois (2020) In Aberlenc [Ed.]: Les Insectes du Monde Biodiversité, classification, clés de détermination des familles 1: 414.
  3. Ghirotto, Victor M.; Crispino, Edgar B.; Chiquetto‐Machado, Pedro I.; Neves, Pedro A. B. A.; Engelking, Phillip W.; Ribeiro, Guilherme C. (May 2022). Labandeira, Conrad (ed.). "The oldest Euphasmatodea (Insecta, Phasmatodea): modern morphology in an Early Cretaceous stick insect fossil from the Crato Formation of Brazil". Papers in Palaeontology. 8 (3). doi:10.1002/spp2.1437. ISSN 2056-2799. S2CID 249738376.
  4. Zompro, O. 2001. The Phasmatodea and Raptophasma n. gen., Orthoptera incertae sedis, in Baltic amber (Insecta: Orthoptera). Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institutes der Universität Hamburg 85: 229–261.
  5. Robertson, James A.; Bradler, Sven; Whiting, Michael F. (2018). "Evolution of Oviposition Techniques in Stick and Leaf Insects (Phasmatodea)". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 6. doi:10.3389/fevo.2018.00216.
  6. Brock, Paul D.; Otte, Daniel (2018). "Phasmida species file online, Version 5.0". Retrieved 2019-03-22.
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