Fibrinogen gamma chain

Fibrinogen gamma chain, also known as fibrinogen gamma gene (FGG), is a human gene found on chromosome 3[5].

FGG
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesFGG, fibrinogen gamma chain
External IDsOMIM: 134850 MGI: 95526 HomoloGene: 429 GeneCards: FGG
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

2266

99571

Ensembl

ENSG00000171557

ENSMUSG00000033860

UniProt

P02679

Q8VCM7

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_021870
NM_000509

NM_133862
NM_001317105

RefSeq (protein)

NP_000500
NP_068656

NP_001304034
NP_598623

Location (UCSC)Chr 4: 154.6 – 154.61 MbChr 3: 82.92 – 82.92 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene is the gamma component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein composed of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including dysfibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia and thrombophilia.[6] Alternative splicing of the mRNA chain results in two transcript variants; the common γA chain and the alternatively spliced γ' chain. Approximately 10% of the total plasma fibrinogen consists of γA/γ' fibrinogen, with <1% consisting of γ'/γ' fibrinogen. Increased and decreased levels of γA/γ' fibrinogen have been associated with coronary artery disease and deep vein thrombosis respectively. In the lung parenchyma of smokers, upregulation of FGG transcript levels has been reported. [7]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000171557 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000033860 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Emeis, J (2007). "A guide to murine coagulation factor structure, function, assays, and genetic alterations". Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 5: 670–679.
  6. "Entrez Gene: FGG fibrinogen gamma chain".
  7. Pintarelli G, Noci S, Maspero D, Pettinicchio A, Dugo M, De Cecco L, Incarbone M, Tosi D, Santambrogio L, Dragani TA, Colombo F (September 2019). "Cigarette smoke alters the transcriptome of non-involved lung tissue in lung adenocarcinoma patients". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 13039. Bibcode:2019NatSR...913039P. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49648-2. PMC 6736939. PMID 31506599.

Further reading


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