Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C1

The 1868 Steam Locomotive Class C1s used in the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous part of the Russian Empire until 1917, were typical of the Victorian principles of locomotive design and the British 0-6-0 of the period, with inside cylinders and Stephenson link motion.[1] There is a similarity with the NER Class C1, Caledonian Railway 294 and 711 Classes, Caledonian Railway 812 and 652 Classes, LB&SCR C class, and SER O class. The wood-burning smoke stacks and wooden cab sides were installed for Finnish conditions. Neilson and Company also supplied a number of similar 5-foot-gauge 0-6-0s to other railways in the Russian Empire, but few photographs and drawings remain. No 1427 at the Finnish Railway Museum is the only preserved example, and is the only surviving example of the varied 0-6-0 types that were once common across the Russian Empire in the 19th century. It therefore provides one of the few clues as to the design of these Russian 0-6-0 locomotives that we now have. In fact, No.30 ended up remaining in Finland Station, St. Petersburg, Russia in 1918 during the civil wars in Finland and Russia.[1]

Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C1
Class C1 Nº 21 in the Finnish Railway Museum
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder Neilson and Company Serial number 1427–1436 Build date 1869 Total produced 10
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 0-6-0 Gauge 1,524 mm (5 ft) Driver dia. 1,250 mm (49.21 in) Length 12.77 m (41 ft 10+3⁄4 in) Axle load 9.2 t (9.1 long tons; 10.1 short tons) Loco weight 26.2 t (25.8 long tons; 28.9 short tons) + 15.8 t (15.6 long tons; 17.4 short tons) Fuel capacity Coal: 5 m3 (180 cu ft) / 4 t (3.9 long tons; 4.4 short tons); Wood: 5.7 m3 (200 cu ft) Water cap. 5.5 m3 (190 cu ft) Firebox:  • Firegrate area 1.15 m2 (12.4 sq ft) Boiler pressure 8.5 kp/cm2 (830 kPa; 121 psi) Heating surface 83.4 m2 (898 sq ft)
Performance figures Maximum speed 60 km/h (37 mph) Tractive effort 3,200 kp (31 kN; 7,100 lbf)
Career Numbers 21–30 Nicknames Bristollari ("the Bristolian") First run 1869 Withdrawn 1926–1929 Disposition One preserved (No. 21), at the Finnish Railway Museum, remainder scrapped

No 1427 is the second-oldest locomotive in Finland, after the 1868 Beyer Peacocks 0-4-2T. It is builder's numbers 1427, a Finnish class C1 and carried running number 21.[2] It was the first freight locomotive for Finnish Railways, then called SVR.[1] In particular it was the first of a batch of 10 supplied (builder's numbers 1427–1436 and running numbers 21–30) to the Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg railway in 1869.[1] They later also ran to Helsinki and Turku. No 1427 was withdrawn in 1926,[2] and the last of the class was withdrawn in 1929.[2]