Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden

Frederick II (9 July 1857 – 9 August 1928; German: Großherzog von Baden Friedrich II.) was the last sovereign Grand Duke of Baden, reigning from 1907 until the abolition of the German monarchies in 1918. The Weimar-era state of Baden originated from the area of the Grand Duchy of Baden.

Frederick II
A photograph of Frederick in his 58th year
Grand Duke Frederick II in 1915
Grand Duke of Baden
Reign28 September 1907 – 22 November 1918
PredecessorFrederick I
SuccessorMonarchy abolished
Born(1857-07-09)9 July 1857
Karlsruhe, Grand Duchy of Baden
Died9 August 1928(1928-08-09) (aged 71)
Badenweiler, Weimar Republic
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1885)​
Names
Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leopold August
HouseZähringen
FatherFrederick I, Grand Duke of Baden
MotherPrincess Louise of Prussia

Life

Friedrich "Fritz" Wilhelm Ludwig Leopold August Prinz von Baden was born on 9 July 1857, in Karlsruhe in the state of Baden-Württemberg to Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden and Princess Louise of Prussia.

As a student at the University of Heidelberg, Frederick was a member of the Suevia Corps, a student fraternal organization. Frederick became the head of the House of Zähringen on 28 September 1907, after the death of his father Frederick I, who was the sovereign grand duke of Baden reigning from 1856 to 1907. He abdicated on 22 November 1918, amidst the tumults of the German Revolution of 1918–1919 which resulted in the abolition of the grand duchy. After the death of his cousin Carola of Vasa, he became the representative of the descent of the Kings of Sweden of the House of Holstein-Gottorp. On 20 September 1885 in Schloss Hohenburg, he married Princess Hilda of Nassau, the only daughter of the exiled Duke Adolphe of Nassau who later succeeded as Grand Duke of Luxembourg. There was no surviving issue from the marriage.

He was à la suite the Royal Prussian Regiments Erstes Garde-Regiment zu Fuß (1st Guard Foot Regiment) and 1. Garde-Ulanen-Regiment and à la suite the Imperial 1st Seebataillon. He was also Regimentschef of the 4. Königlich Sächsisches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 103, which was also known as Infanterie-Regiment „Großherzog Friedrich II. von Baden“ (4. Königlich Sächsisches) Nr. 103.

Promotions
Frederick II with Wilhelm II in 1908

Death

After his death in 1928, the headship of the house was transferred over to his first cousin who was the last Chancellor of Imperial Germany, Prince Maximilian of Baden.

Honours and awards
German orders and decorations[1]
Foreign orders and decorations[1]
Honorary military appointments

Ancestry

References
  1. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1910), "Großherzogliches Haus", pp. 1-2
  2. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch ... Baden (1876), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 57
  3. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch ... Baden (1880), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 72
  4. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtums Anhalt (1894), "Herzogliche Haus-Orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 17
  5. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1908), "Königliche Orden", p. 7
  6. Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1890), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 46
  7. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen (1879), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 12
  8. Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach Archived 6 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine (1900), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 16
  9. Justus Perthes, Almanach de Gotha (1921) p. 12
  10. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1907), "Königliche Orden" p. 28
  11. "Schwarzer Adler-orden", Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), vol. 1, Berlin, 1886, p. 7{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  13. Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 463. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
  14. Italia : Ministero dell'interno (1900). Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia. Unione tipografico-editrice. p. 54.
  15. Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1925, p. 807, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
  16. Norway (1908), "Den kongelige norske Sanct Olavs Orden", Norges Statskalender (in Norwegian), p. 869-870, retrieved 17 September 2021
  17. "The London Gazette, Issue: 27807 Page: 4251" (PDF). The London Gazette. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
  18. Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1915, p. 201, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
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