Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite

Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT), also known as Ibuki (Japanese: いぶき, Hepburn: Ibuki, meaning "breath"[4]), is an Earth observation satellite and the world's first satellite dedicated to greenhouse gas monitoring.[5] It measures the densities of carbon dioxide and methane from 56,000 locations on the Earth's atmosphere.[6] The GOSAT was developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and launched on 23 January 2009, from the Tanegashima Space Center.[6] Japan's Ministry of the Environment, and the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) [7] use the data to track gases causing the greenhouse effect, and share the data with NASA and other international scientific organizations.[5]

Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite
Model of GOSAT at Tsukuba Space Center Space Dome
NamesIbuki
Mission typeEnvironmental
OperatorJAXA
COSPAR ID2009-002A
SATCAT no.33492
Websiteglobal.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/gosat/index.html
Mission duration5 years (planned)
Elapsed: 14 years, 9 months, 2 days
Spacecraft properties
ManufacturerMitsubishi Electric
Launch mass1,750 kilograms (3,860 lb)[1]
Power3.8 kilowatts[1]
Start of mission
Launch date23 January 2009, 03:54 (2009-01-23UTC03:54) UTC
RocketH-IIA-202 F15
Launch siteTanegashima, Yoshinobu 1
ContractorMitsubishi Heavy Industries
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth[2]
Perigee altitude674 kilometres (419 mi)[3]
Apogee altitude676 kilometres (420 mi)[3]
Inclination98.06° [3]
Period98.12 minutes[3]
Mean motion14.68[3]
Epoch25 January 2015, 03:12:11 UTC[3]
Main Instrument
Wavelengths12900 - 13200 cm−1/ 5800 - 6400 cm−1/ 4800 - 5200 cm−1/ 700 - 1800 cm−1(FTS)[1]
Resolution0.2 cm−1 (FTS)
Instruments
TANSO-FTS - Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer
TANSO-CAI - Thermal and Near-Infrared Sensor
 

Launch

GOSAT was launched along with seven other piggyback probes using the H-IIA, Japan's primary large-scale expendable launch system, at 3:54 am on 23 January 2009 UTC on Tanegashima, a small island in southern Japan, after a two-day delay due to unfavourable weather.[6][5] At approximately 16 minutes after liftoff, the separation of Ibuki from the launch rocket was confirmed.[8]

Instruments

According to JAXA, the Ibuki satellite is equipped with a greenhouse gas observation sensor (TANSO-FTS) and a cloud/aerosol sensor (TANSO-CAI) that supplements TANSO-FTS. The greenhouse gas observation sensor of Ibuki observes a wide range of wavelengths (near-infrared region–thermal infrared region) within the infrared band to enhance observation accuracy.[8] The satellite uses a spectrometer to measure different elements and compounds based on their response to certain types of light. This technology allows the satellite to measure "the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a super-high resolution."[9]

GOSAT-2

The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite-2 was launched from Tanegashima Space Center by a H-IIA rocket on October 29, 2018.[10]

See also

References
  1. "Outlines of GOSAT and TANSO Sensor" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2009. Retrieved 26 January 2009.
  2. "Orbit Insertion of the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite "IBUKI" (GOSAT)" (PDF) (Press release). JAXA. Retrieved 26 January 2009.
  3. "GOSAT (IBUKI) Satellite details 2009-002A NORAD 33492". N2YO.com. 25 January 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
  4. "'IBUKI' Chosen as Nickname of the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT)" (Press release). JAXA. 15 October 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
  5. "Japan launches rocket with greenhouse-gas probe". Associated Press. 23 January 2009. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
  6. Fujioka, Chisa (23 January 2009). "Japan launches satellite to monitor greenhouse gases". Reuters. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
  7. "国立環境研究所". Nies.go.jp. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  8. "Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite "IBUKI"(GOSAT)". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
  9. Gerein, Keith (21 January 2009). "Alta. scientists to track greenhouse gases from space". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on 31 January 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2009.
  10. Graham, William (28 October 2018). "Japanese H-IIA launches GOSAT-2 Earth Observation Satellite launch". nasaspaceflight.com. Retrieved 12 December 2022.

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