Gay Community News (Boston)

The premier issue of Gay Community News was published out of the Charles Street Meeting House on June 17, 1973, as a two-page mimeograph, at first titled "Gay Community Newsletter".[1][4] In less than a year, Gay Community News developed from a two-page mimeograph to an eight-page, tabloid-style newsprint, and moved its office to 22 Bromfield Street.[4] The first issue was loosely organized into sections titled Events, Volunteers, Needs, Notices, and Directory. The editors introduced the very first newsletter by stating:

"There has been a long standing need in the Boston gay community for improved communication between the various gay organizations and gay individuals. The lack of coverage in the "straight" press has added to this problem of getting necessary information to our community. Gay groups have attempted to overcome this problem by newsletters to their members, but this has led to duplicated efforts with vast portions of the community left uninformed events until after they have passed." The Gay Community Newsletter is meant to solve this problem. The purpose will be to list all of the events and information of interest to the gay community in one publication. This will not be a literary publication. We are fortunate to already have several serving the community. We feel weekly publication will be necessary to fill this need for quick current information.

On March 8, 1975, the newspaper made two major changes: it began distributing color copies, and publishers expanded distribution to a regional level. In 1978, the membership of Gay Community News voted to become a national newspaper in both its focus and distribution.[4]

In the early morning of July 7, 1982, a fire broke out at the paper's office at 22 Bromfield Street. The entire office was destroyed, along with that of Fag Rag, another publication to whom GCN subletted part of their office. Glad Day Bookshop, a bookstore across the hall, was spared from significant damage. Both publications were forced out of the Bromfield Street office; GCN moved to 167 Tremont Street until 1992 when it temporarily ceased publication.[3]

The Boston Fire Department Arson Squad investigated the incident, and many staff members of the paper believed the fire to be arson.[5] The building was set on fire by a group of firemen, policemen and security guards, who had set a number of fires in the city.[6][lower-alpha 1] According to testimony from two of the arsonists, the arson ring set over 200 fires in 1982 and 1983, mostly in Boston. They claimed their motive was to scare Boston voters into repealing Proposition 21, a state tax-limiting measure which would lay off or freeze hiring of firefighters.[8] The group of arsonists were ultimately held responsible for the destruction of more than $50 million worth of property, and at the time, the arson case was considered to be the largest in state or federal history.[9] As a result of the fire, much documentation from the paper’s first ten years was lost.[5][10]

In 1987, Michael Swift published an article in the Gay Community News entitled "Gay Revolutionary".[14] The newspaper's editors had requested that Swift write an article as satirical proof of the so-called "gay agenda" that conservative right-wing Christians were establishing. Thirty years after the article's publishing date, conservative religious groups continue to quote "Gay Revolutionary", but omit the crucial first line of the piece, "This essay is an outré, madness, a tragic, cruel fantasy, an eruption of inner rage, on how the oppressed desperately dream of being the oppressor." The original article has come to be known as The Homosexual Manifesto.

The Prisoner Project was initiated in 1975, coming as a result of the staff member Mike Riegle,[15] who responded to letters sent by prisoners to the Gay Community News and granted them free newspaper subscriptions. The project grew to a larger scale, with The Bromfield Street Educational Foundation sending prisoners books, providing legal assistance, and receiving and publishing letters and about homophobia, racism, and sexism in prisons. In 1977, The Bromfield Street Educational Foundation and the National Gay Task Force joined together to sue the federal prison system and won the right for prisoners to receive gay publications in jail.[4] Although the verdict came in 1980, The Bromfield Street Educational Foundation continued to spend subsequent years advocating on behalf of prisoners who were denied copies of the Gay Community News and other LGBTQ publications. Starting in 1981, a regular prisoners' column was published in every edition of the Gay Community News.

Concerning the naming of the publication, Amy Hoffman, in Army of Ex-Lovers, writes,

In 1973, when the paper was founded, each word in our name, Gay Community News had contained within it an entire political statement:

Gay: The early gay organizations of the 1950s and 1960s had used the most arcane kinds of references in their names so their nature would be clear only to initiates: the Mattachine Society, the Daughters of Bilitis. Even organizations founded later had names that were obscure, quaint, or bland: the Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund; the Homophile Community Health Service; the Human Rights Campaign Fund.

Community: Although it may seem too obvious for comment now, the claim that gays were a class of people with a common culture and interests - rather than isolated cases of perversion - was revolutionary, the heart of the gay liberation movement.

News: Not only that, but the things we did together and as individuals were noteworthy, interesting, and had an audience.[16]

All of this was taking place during a time when even the word "gay" was still controversial.[16] "Gay" had been adopted as a unifying term by radical groups like the Gay Liberation Front, but the mainstream press still used the term "homosexual", when they would discuss the community at all. The New York Times, for example, continued to use "homosexual", refusing to use the word "gay" until 1987.[17]

• Regular contributor Amy Hoffman wrote of her time at the newspaper in her 2007 book An Army of Ex-Lovers: My Life at the Gay Community News.[18]

• Former Gay Community News employee and LGBTQ+ activist Nancy Walker is interviewed about her experiences working for the paper on Season 6, Episode 4 of Making Gay History.[19]