General Cepeda

Until 1892, General Cepeda was named San Francisco de los Patos. Patos was established in 1575 and initially the land was owned by Francisco de Urdiñola. From the 16th to the 19th centuries, the "splendid hacienda" in the town was the headquarters of two of the largest latifundios (land holdings) in the Americas. Urdiñola began what came to be called the Marquisate of San Miguel de Aguayo which, after bankruptcy, was purchased by the Sánchez Navarro family in 1840. After the expropriation of the Sánchez Navarro latifundio in 1866, the Patos headquarters became the municipal building of General Cepeda.[2][3]

The town of General Cepeda is located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) in straight-line distance west of the state capital of Saltillo. General Cepeda has an elevation of 1,466 metres (4,810 ft). The town is located in the northern foothills of the Sierra de Los Patos (Duck Mountains) which at La Concordia Mountain reach a maximum elevation of 3,441 metres (11,289 ft).[4] The mountains are cooler and receive more precipitation than the surrounding desert and the waterways flowing down from the mountains made the General Cepeda area feasible for irrigated agriculture and attractive to Spanish settlers in the 16th and 17th centuries. When the Spanish first visited the area in 1568, a small lake they called Laguna de los Patos (Duck Lake) was near what became the town.[5]

• José de Azlor y Virto de Vera, the Marques de San Miguel del Aguayo
• Sánchez Navarro latifundio, this large estate in the 18th and 19th centuries was based in San Francisco de los Patos, now General Cepeda.