President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia

The office of leader of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY) was first established in 1919 under the name "Political Secretary of the Central Committee". However, in reality, power in this period was shared with the "Organisational Secretary of the Central Committee". When the office of political secretary changed its name in November 1936 to "General Secretary of the Central Committee", the position became more powerful. It kept that name until its abolishment on 4 October 1966, when it was replaced by the "President of the Central Committee". This office lasted until 4 May 1980, when it was abolished and replaced with the "President of the Presidency of the Central Committee". In the period 1919–1980, the leader presided over the work of the LCY Presidency and the LCY Central Committee, and from 1980 until 26 May 1990, the leader presided over the work of the presidency alongside the presidency secretary. The officeholder was the de facto leader of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia
Serbo-Croatian: Председник председништва Савеза комуниста Југославије, Predsjednik predsjedništva Saveza komunista Jugoslavije
Slovene: Predsednik Predsedstva Zveze komunistov Jugoslavije
Macedonian: Претседател на Претседателството на Сојузот на комунистите на Југославија
Emblem of the Party
Longest serving
Josip Broz Tito
5 January 1939 – 4 May 1980
SeatUšće Towers, Belgrade
(1965–1990)
AppointerCentral Committee
PrecursorCollective leadership
(1919–1934)
FormationDecember 1934
First holderMilan Gorkić[lower-alpha 1]
Final holderMiomir Grbović[lower-alpha 2]
(acting)
Abolished26 May 1990

The longest serving officeholder was Josip Broz Tito, serving from 1939[lower-alpha 3] to his death in 1980.[2]

Office history
Title Established Abolished Established by
Political Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia 23 April 1919 November 1936 1st Congress of the Socialist Labour Party of Yugoslavia (Communists)
Organisational Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia 23 April 1919 October 1937 1st Congress of the Socialist Labour Party of Yugoslavia (Communists)
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia November 1936 4 October 1966 Decision of the Communist International
President of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia 4 October 1966 4 May 1980 5th Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the 8th Congress
President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia 4 May 1980 26 May 1990 11th Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee

Collective leadership (1919–1937)

Political Secretary
Political secretaries of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia
No. Portrait Name Took office Left office Tenure Term of office Birth PM Death Ethnicity Ref.
1 Filip Filipović 23 April 1919 August 1921 2 years, 100 days 1st–2nd
(1919–1926)		 1878 1919 1938 Serb [3]
2 Sima Marković 1920 1922 2 years, 0 days 2nd
(1920–1926)		 1888 1919 1939 Serb [4]
3 Triša Kaclerović 1924 1925 1 year, 0 days 2nd
(1920–1926)		 1879 1919 1964 Serb [5]
2 Sima Marković 22 May 1926 1927 224 days 2nd
(1920–1926)		 1888 1919 1939 Serb [4]
4 Đuro Cvijić 1927 15 November 1928 1 year, 319 days 3rd
(1920–1926)		 1896 1919 1938 Croat [6]
5 Jovan Mališić 15 November 1928 1931 2 years, 47 days 4th
(1928–1948)		 1902 1919 1939 Montenegrin [7]
1 Filip Filipović 1931 1932 1 year, 0 days 4th
(1928–1948)		 1878 1919 1938 Serb [3]
6 Milan Gorkić December 1934 23 October 1937 2 years, 326 days 4th
(1928–1948)		 1886 1919 1937 Croat [8]

Organisational Secretary
Organisational secretaries of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia
No. Portrait Name Took office Left office Tenure Term of office Birth PM Death Ethnicity Ref.
1 Vladimir Ćopić 23 April 1919 August 1921 2 years, 100 days 1st–2nd
(1919–1926)		 1891 1919 1939 Serb [9]
2 Radomir Vujović 22 May 1926 1927 224 days 3rd
(1926–1928)		 1895 1925 1938 Serb [10]
3 Jakob Žorga 1927 15 November 1928 1 year, 319 days 3rd
(1926–1928)		 1888 1919 1942 Slovene [11]
4 Đuro Đaković 15 November 1928 August 1930 1 year, 259 days 4th
(1928–1948)		 1886 1919 1929 Croat [8]
5 Antun Mavrak August 1930 April 1932 1 year, 244 days 4th
(1928–1948)		 1899 1924 1938 Croat [10]
6 Josip Broz Tito 1936 1937 1 year, 0 days 4th
(1928–1948)		 1892 1919 1980 Croat [12]

Officeholders (1939–1990)
Leaders of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia
No. Portrait Name Took office Left office Tenure Term of office Birth PM Death Branch Ethnicity Ref.
1 Josip Broz Tito 5 January 1939 4 May 1980 41 years, 120 days 4th–11th
(1928–1982)		 1892 1919 1980 Not made public Croat [12]
2 Stevan Doronjski 4 May 1980 20 October 1980 169 days 11th
(1978–1982)		 1919 1939 1981 Vojvodina Serb [13]
3 Lazar Mojsov 20 October 1980 20 October 1981 1 year 11th
(1978–1982)		 1920 1940 2011 Macedonia Macedonian [14]
4 Dušan Dragosavac 20 October 1981 29 June 1982 252 days 11th
(1978–1982)		 1919 1940 2014 Croatia Serb [15]
5 Mitja Ribičič 29 June 1982 30 June 1983 1 year, 1 day 12th
(1982–1986)		 1919 1941 2013 Slovenia Slovene [16]
6 Dragoslav Marković 30 June 1983 26 June 1984 362 days 12th
(1982–1986)		 1920 1939 2005 Serbia Serb [17]
7 Ali Sukrija 26 June 1984 25 June 1985 364 days 12th
(1982–1986)		 1919 1939 2005 Kosovo Albanian [18]
8 Vidoje Žarković 25 June 1985 28 June 1986 1 year, 3 days 12th
(1982–1986)		 1927 1943 2000 Montenegro Montenegrin [19]
9 Milanko Renovica 28 June 1986 30 June 1987 1 year, 2 days 13th
(1986–1990)		 1928 1947 2013 Bosnia-Herzegovina Serb [20]
10 Boško Krunić 28 June 1987 30 June 1988 1 year, 2 days 13th
(1986–1990)		 1929 1945 2017 Vojvodina Serb [21]
11 Stipe Šuvar 30 June 1988 17 May 1989 321 days 13th
(1986–1990)		 1936 1955 2004 Croatia Croat [22]
12 Milan Pančevski 17 May 1989 17 May 1990 1 year, 0 days 13th
(1986–1990)		 1935 1957 2019 Macedonia Macedonian [23]
13 Miomir Grbović
(acting)		 17 May 1990 26 May 1990 9 days Post-14th Congress
(1990)		 1926  ?  ? Montenegro Montenegrin [24]

Notes
  1. Was elected Political Secretary of the Central Committee in 1934, and the office was renamed General Secretary in November 1936.
  2. As President of the Presidency.
  3. Because he began serving the function as the party's acting general secretary in August 1937, the official 40th anniversary of Tito's assumption of the party leadership was held through Yugoslavia in May 1977, coinciding the date with the annual observance of the Youth Day and Relay of Youth in the country.[1]

References
  1. Michael Dobbs (26 May 1977). "At 85, Tito Looks Healthy and Wealthy, Is Called Wise". The Washington Post. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  2. Michael Dobbs (5 May 1980). "President Tito Dies". The Washington Post. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  3. Drachkovitch 1973, pp. 99–100.
  4. Drachkovitch 1973, pp. 259–260.
  5. Banac 2018, p. 52.
  6. "Cvijić, Đuro" [Cvijić, Đuro]. Croatian Encyclopedia (in Croatian). Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  7. Radoš, Ivica (16 December 2020). "Cinkanjem i preko leševa do šefa KPJ" [Snitching and over corpses to the head of the CPJ]. Jutarnji list (in Croatian). Archived from the original on 15 June 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  8. Tito 1980, p. 147.
  9. Pavlaković, Vjeran (16 December 2020). "Cultural Memory of Yugoslav Volunteers in the Spanish Civil War". European Observatory on Memories. Archived from the original on 15 June 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  10. Drachkovitch 1973, pp. 431–432.
  11. Tito 1982, p. 325.
  12. Banac, Ivo. "Josip Broz Tito: president of Yugoslavia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  13. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 132.
  14. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, pp. 413–414; Stroynowski 1989b, p. 796.
  15. Stroynowski 1989a, p. 257.
  16. "Ribičič, Mitja (1919–2013)" [Ribičič, Mitja (1919–2013)] (in Slovenian). Slovenska biografija of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  17. Stroynowski 1989b, p. 739.
  18. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 597; Stroynowski 1989c, p. 1143.
  19. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 696; Stroynowski 1989c, p. 1342.
  20. Stroynowski 1989c, p. 986.
  21. Stroynowski 1989b, p. 632.
  22. "Stipe Šuvar: Vječni kapitalizam ili mogući socijalizam" [Stipe Šuvar: Eternal Capitalism or Possible Socialism] (in Croatian). lupiga.com. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
  23. "Preminuo Milan Pančevski" [Milan Pančevski died] (in Serbian). B92. 10 January 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  24. "New state President–Warning on country's disintegration–Non-communist governments in Slovenia and Croatia". May 1990 – via Keesing’s Record of World Events. Vol. 36 (1990), No. 5 (May) & p. 37463.

Bibliography
  • Banac, Ivo (2018). With Stalin against Tito: Cominformist Splits in Yugoslav Communism. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-5017-2083-3.
  • Drachkovitch, Milorad (1973). Biographical Dictionary of the Comintern. Hoover Institution Press. ISBN 9780817984038.
  • Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989a). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: A–H. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-598-10719-6.
  • Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989b). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: I–O. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-598-10719-6.
  • Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989c). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: P–Z. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-598-10719-6.
  • Tito, Josip Broz (1980). The Party of the Revolution: Fifth Conference of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, 1940. Socialist Thought and Practice.
  • Tito, Josip Broz (1982). Damjanović, Pero; Vujošević, Ubavka (eds.). Sabrana djela: Oktobar 1940-April 1941 [Selected Works: 1940 – April 1941] (in Serbo-Croatian). Institut za savremenu istoriju.
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