Geophilus

Geophilus is a large, heterogeneous genus of soil centipedes in the family Geophilidae[1][2] largely considered to be synonymous with Brachygeophilus.[3] It is a mostly holarctic genus characterized by a claw-shaped ultimate pretarsus, anterior porefields, complete or nearly complete coxo-pleural sutures at the prosternum, and incomplete chitin-lines.[4] Centipedes in this genus range from 1 cm to 8 cm in length.[5] The generic name first appeared in Brewster's Edinburgh Encyclopaedia in 1814 as Geophilus electricus.[6]

Geophilus
Geophilus sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Chilopoda
Order: Geophilomorpha
Family: Geophilidae
Genus: Geophilus
Leach, 1814

Although centipedes in this genus can have as many as 89 pairs of legs, most species have a much smaller number of leg pairs.[2] For example, two species in this genus include centipedes with only 29 leg pairs, the lowest number found in the family Geophilidae: G. persephones (29 in the only specimen, a male) and G. richardi (29 or 31 in males and 33 in females).[7] This genus also includes several other species with notably few leg pairs, for example, G. pusillus (as few as 31 in males),[8] G. hadesi (33 in both sexes),[9] G. piae (as few as 35 in males and 37 in females),[10] G. bipartitus (35 in males and 39 in females),[11] and G. oligopus (37 or 39 in both sexes).[12]

Species

The genus contains the following species:[1][3]

References
  1. "Geophilus Leach, 1814". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  2. Bonato, Lucio; Zapparoli, Marzio; Drago, Leandro; Minelli, Alessandro (2016). "An unusually elongate endogeic centipede from Sardinia (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)" (PDF). European Journal of Taxonomy (231): 1–19. doi:10.5852/EJT.2016.231. S2CID 58911978.
  3. "Geophilus Leach, 1814". ChiloBase 2.0. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  4. Crabill, Ralph E. (1954). "A conspectus of the northeastern North American species of Geophilus (Chilopoda Geophilomorpha Geophilidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 56: 172–188. Retrieved 24 October 2021 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  5. Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Zapparoli, Marzio (2011). "Chilopoda – Taxonomic overview". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). The Myriapoda. Volume 1. Leiden: Brill. pp. 363–443. ISBN 978-90-04-18826-6. OCLC 812207443.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  6. Brewster, David (1814). "Crustaceology". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. 7 (2): 409. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.30911. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  7. Pereira, Luis Alberto (2013-01-01). "Discovery of a second geophilomorph species (Myriapoda: Chilopoda) having twenty-seven leg-bearing segments, the lowest number recorded up to the present in the centipede order Geophilomorpha". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 53 (13): 163–185. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492013001300001.
  8. Iorio, Etienne (2004). "Contribution à la connaissance des Chilopodes des régions Centre, Île-de-France et Poitou-Charentes (Myriapoda)". Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Bordeaux (in French). 32 (4): 235–255 – via ResearchGate.
  9. Stoev, Pavel; Akkari, Nesrine; Komericki, Ana; Edgecombe, Gregory; Bonato, Lucio (2015-06-30). "At the end of the rope: Geophilus hadesi sp. n. – the world's deepest cave-dwelling centipede (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae)". ZooKeys (510): 95–114. doi:10.3897/zookeys.510.9614. PMC 4523767. PMID 26257537.
  10. Minelli, Alessandro (1982). "On Sardinian centipedes (Chilopoda)". Bolletino di Zoologia. 49 (1–2): 1–16. doi:10.1080/11250008209439365.
  11. Takakuwa, Yosioki (1937). "The Geophilus-species of Japan". Zoological Magazine, Tokyo (in Japanese). 49 (8): 282–286. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  12. Stojanović, Dalibor Z.; Mitić, Bojan M.; Gedged, Amna M.; Antić, Dragan Ž; Makarov, Slobodan E. (2019-08-23). "Geophilus serbicus sp. nov., a new species from the Balkan Peninsula (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Geophilidae)". Zootaxa. 4658 (3): 556–570 [561]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4658.3.7. ISSN 1175-5334.
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