Geoplaninae

Geoplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians endemic to the Neotropical region.[1][2] Members of this family are sometimes referred to as the Neotropical land planarians. However, one species, Obama nungara has been introduced in Europe.[3]

Geoplaninae
Obama burmeisteri
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Order: Tricladida
Family: Geoplanidae
Subfamily: Geoplaninae
Tribes

Description

The subfamily Geoplaninae was initially defined by Ogren and Kawakatsu (1990)[4] for land planarians which have a broad creeping sole, mouth in the second half of the body, dorsal testes, subepithelial longitudinal musculature well developed and parenchymal longitudinal musculature absent or not well developed. The eyes contour the anterior region in a single row and posteriorly form several rows, which may spread onto the dorsum, and extend to the posterior end of the body. However, most, if not all, of these characteristics are not exclusive and cannot be considered a synapomorphy of the group. Some characteristics have also been reverted in some genera.[5] Nevertheless, phylogenetic studies have revealed that Geoplaninae is indeed a monophyletic group.[2][6][7]

Genera

Currently the land planarians in the subfamily Geoplaninae are grouped into 9 tribes and 37 genera:[1]

Adinoplanini

Geoplanini

Gusanini

Haranini
  • Harana Almeida & Carbayo,2022[5]

Inakayaliini
  • Inakayalia Negrete, Álvarez-Presas, Riutort & Brusa, 2020[13]

Myoplanini
  • Myoplana Almeida & Carbayo,2022[5]

Polycladini

Sarcoplanini
  • Liana E. M. Froehlich, 1978
  • Mapuplana Grau, Almeida, Sluys & Carbayo, 2012[14]
  • Pichidamas Bulnes, Grau & Carbayo, 2018[15]
  • Sarcoplana Almeida & Carbayo,2022[5]
  • Wallmapuplana Negrete, Álvarez-Presas, Riutort & Brusa, 2020[13]

Timymini

References
  1. Carbayo, F.; Álvarez-Presas, M.; Olivares, C. U. T.; Marques, F. P. L.; Froehlich, E. X. M.; Riutort, M. (2013). "Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: Proposal of taxonomic actions". Zoologica Scripta. 42 (5): 508. doi:10.1111/zsc.12019.
  2. Sluys, R.; Kawakatsu, M.; Riutort, M.; Baguñà, J. (2009). "A new higher classification of planarian flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida)". Journal of Natural History. 43 (29–30): 1763–1777. doi:10.1080/00222930902741669.
  3. Carbayo, Fernando; Álvarez-Presas, Marta; Jones, Hugh D.; Riutort, Marta (17 April 2016). "The true identity of<i>O</i><i>bama</i>(Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) flatworm spreading across Europe". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (1): 5–28. doi:10.1111/zoj.12358. ISSN 0024-4082.
  4. Ogren, R. E. and Kawakatsu, M. (1990). Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae. Bulletin of Fujis Women's College. 29: 79-166.
  5. Almeida, Ana Laura; Álvarez-Presas, Marta; Carbayo, Fernando (7 November 2022). "The discovery of new Chilean taxa revolutionizes the systematics of Geoplaninae Neotropical land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac072. eISSN 1096-3642. ISSN 0024-4082.
  6. Álvarez-Presas, M.; Baguñà, J.; Riutort, M. (2008). "Molecular phylogeny of land and freshwater planarians (Tricladida, Platyhelminthes): From freshwater to land and back". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 47 (2): 555–568. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.032. PMID 18359250.
  7. Riutort, M.; Álvarez-Presas, M.; Lázaro, E.; Solà, E.; Paps, J. (2012). "Evolutionary history of the Tricladida and the Platyhelminthes: An up-to-date phylogenetic and systematic account". The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 56 (1–3): 5–17. doi:10.1387/ijdb.113441mr. PMID 22450992.
  8. Negrete, Lisandro; Francavilla, Marina Lenguas; Damborenea, Cristina; Brusa, Francisco (2022). "A new genus of land planarian (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) for a new 'blind' species". Systematics and Biodiversity. 20: 1–16. doi:10.1080/14772000.2022.2046200.
  9. Leal-Zanchet, Ana M.; Marques, Alessandro Damasceno (2018). "Coming out in a harsh environment: a new genus and species for a land flatworm (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) occurring in a ferruginous cave from the Brazilian savanna". PeerJ. 6: e6007. doi:10.7717/peerj.6007. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 6284438. PMID 30533305.
  10. "Difroehlichia". turbellaria.umaine.edu. Retrieved 2021-10-28.
  11. Oliveira, Karine Gobetti; Bolonhezi, Laura Bianco; Almeida, Ana Laura; Lago-Barcia, Domingo; Carbayo, Fernando (2020). "Three new Neotropical species and a new genus of land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplaninae)". European Journal of Taxonomy (705). doi:10.5852/ejt.2020.705. ISSN 2118-9773.
  12. Negrete, Lisandro; Amaral, Silvana Vargas do; Ribeiro, Giovana Gamino; Wolmann Gonçalves, Juliana; Valiati, Victor Hugo; Damborenea, Cristina; Brusa, Francisco; Leal-Zanchet, Ana Maria (2019). "Far away, so close! Integrative taxonomy reveals a new genus and species of land flatworm (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) from southern South America". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz131. ISSN 0024-4082.
  13. Negrete, Lisandro; Álvarez‐Presas, Marta; Riutort, Marta; Brusa, Francisco (2020). "Integrative taxonomy of land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) from the Andean‐Patagonian Forests from Argentina and Chile, with the erection of two new genera". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. doi:10.1111/jzs.12444. hdl:2445/194139. ISSN 0947-5745.
  14. Grau, José Horacio; Almeida, Ana Laura; Sluys, Ronald; Carbayo, Fernando (18 April 2022). "A new genus and two new species of land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from Southern Chile". Journal of Natural History. 56 (13–16): 947–967. doi:10.1080/00222933.2022.2097137. eISSN 1464-5262. ISSN 0022-2933.
  15. Bulnes, Verónica N.; Grau, José H.; Carbayo, Fernando (2018). "A new Chilean genus and species of land planarian (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida, Geoplaninae) with cephalic retractor muscle and adenodactyl". Journal of Natural History. 52 (39–40): 2553–2566. doi:10.1080/00222933.2018.1538468. ISSN 0022-2933.
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