Godbout, Quebec

A map of the Ecological regions of Quebec places the Gobout area in ecological region 5g Hautes collines de Baie-Comeau — Sept-Îles in the eastern fir/white birch domain of the boreal zone.[5] The Godbout River is known as one of the best of Quebec's salmon rivers and also holds speckled trout. About 70 kilometres (43 mi) of the river is managed by a zone d'exploitation contrôlée (managed use zone), the Zec des Rivières-Godbout-et-Mistassini. The downstream Cap-Nord section is owned by a private club, but the right to fish it may be obtained through an agreement with the ZEC.[6] The Petite-Rivière-Godbout Old Forest is about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of the village of Godbou.[7]

The native Innu hunted and fished near the mouth of the river that they called "Eddy River". This stream was renamed in honour of Nicolas Godeboust (1634–1674), who served as navigator and river pilot along the North Shore before becoming a settler on Orléans Island in 1670. That same year, Jesuit missionary Charles Albanel made mention of the "Godebout River" where he had met an indigenous group from the Sept-Îles area, the Oumamioueks. And Jean-Baptiste-Louis Franquelin referred to this river as "Godebou" on his map of 1684.[1][8]

In 1684, a fur trading post was established at the river, and then indigenous groups settled around the post. They remained along the coast, hunting on the gulf in the winter and salmon fishing during the summer, but for a part of autumn they returned into the forest. After 1720, the post gained importance due to the seal hunt. Seals were hunted not only for their meat, but also for the fat that was melted, put in barrels, and sold cheaply.[8]

Godbout's church

Circa 1850, the Godbout region — from Pointe-des-Monts to Pointe à la Croix — counted up to twenty-five families of Innu seal hunters. But from 1860 onward, the French population really began to grow. At first, they were former employees of the trading post that by then was managed by the Hudson's Bay Company. First, a certain Théodule Savard, then the son of another employee, Napoléon-Alexandre Comeau, who moved to the village in his early teenage years. Comeau managed the salmon fishing and guarded against poachers. The Innu lost access to the river and were prevented from exercising their traditional subsistence fishing for salmon. Consequently, the indigenous population gradually decreased and at the end of the 19th century, few indigenous families remained and most had moved to the Betsiamites Reserve.[8]

In 1877, the Godbout Post Office opened. The place developed quickly when a forestry company, the St-Régis, started large scale logging operations in the interior forests. This led to new infrastructure such as a wharf, a dam, a log flume, and a network of roads to the various logging camps. In the village, it led to the construction of a hotel, shops, houses, a cookery, and a clinic. In 1926, the local parish was formed. In 1933, an attempt was made to set up a municipality but that was not realized until 1955.[1][8]

In 1971, the St-Régis mill closed, leading to job loss and economic hardship in Godbout. The younger people would seek work elsewhere, resulting in some aging of the population. But this trend is somewhat reversed with the development of tourism in the area.[8]

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Godbout had a population of 272 living in 157 of its 241 total private dwellings, a change of 2.6% from its 2016 population of 265. With a land area of 159.18 km² (61.46 sq mi), it had a population density of 1.7/km² (4.4/sq mi) in 2021.[10]

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Godbout, Quebec[9]
Census		Total		French				English				French & English				Other
Year		Responses		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %
2016		265		265	10.2%	100.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%
2011		295		295	10.6%	100.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	100.0%	0.00%
2006		360		330	1.5%	91.67%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		30	n/a%	8.33%
2001		325		325	13.3%	100.00%		0	100.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%
1996		385		375	n/a	97.40%		10	n/a	2.60%		0	n/a	0.00%		0	n/a	0.00%

Panoramic view of Godbout's waterfront and ferry

The Matane—Godbout ferry is the village's main employer, either through direct employment, or by creating business for nearby restaurants and caterers.[15] Tourism also provides opportunities for outfitters by catering to salmon fishing and other seasonal outdoor activities.[15]

• Société des traversiers du Québec