Government of Shapour Bakhtiar

The government of Shapour Bakhtiar is the last government during the Pahlavi dynasty that ended with the Islamic Revolution. The head of this 37-day government, Shapour Bakhtiar, was one of the leaders of the National Front of Iran. The National Front of Iran had announced in a statement on December 29, 1978 that if Bakhtiar accepted the post of Prime Minister of Iran, he would be expelled from the National Front. The day after the Prime Minister was received, his dismissal was voted on at a meeting of the Central Council, and his dismissal was decided by an overwhelming majority.

Government of Shapour Bakhtiar

cabinet of Iran
Date formed5 January 1979 (1979-01-05)
Date dissolved11 February 1979 (1979-02-11)
People and organisations
Head of stateMohammad Reza Pahlavi
Head of governmentShapour Bakhtiar
Opposition cabinetInterim Government of Iran (5 February - 12 February)
History
Legislature term(s)24th Iranian Majlis
PredecessorMilitary government of Gholam-Reza Azhari
SuccessorInterim Government of Iran

Background of government formation

The Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, whose government was in decline, was looking for someone to agree to leave Iran on acceptable and confidential terms. To this end, he first met with Ahmad Bani Ahmad and Karim Sanjabi and asked them to accept the Prime Minister of the government. Citing a three-point declaration and opposing the army remaining in the royal family and the Shah refusing to step down as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces, Sanjabi refused to accept a compromise with the Shah.[1][2]

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi then met with Muzaffar Baghaei and Gholam Hossein Sedighi, other leaders of the National Front, and offered to take over the government, but each of them refused to accept the government for some reason. The Shah's offer to the Prime Minister to Siddiqui and Baqaei failed because they both made the acceptance of the Shah's offer conditional on Mohammad Reza Pahlavi remaining in Iran but not in Tehran. The two argued that the Shah's personal presence in Iran, because of his close ties to the army, maintained the unity and cohesion of the army.[3]

Bakhtiar, a member of the Central Council of the National Front, presented the seven conditions (the Shah should leave the country and pledge to reign from now on and not the government, the choice of ministers is unique, SAVAK to be dissolved (deportation of 14 soldiers) Stubbornly, including Gholam-Ali Oveissi), political prisoners should be released, conditions for press freedom should be provided, the Pahlavi Foundation should be transferred to the government, and the imperial commission interfering in all matters should be removed) and agreed to head a civilian government. The Shah accepted all of his terms and appointed him Prime Minister.[4]

Bakhtiar introduced his government and its plan to the parliament on December 11, 1978. On December 17, 1978, Bakhtiar and his ministers received a vote of confidence from the parliament with 149 votes in favor, 43 against and 13 abstentions.[5] Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and his wife Farah Pahlavi left the country on 17 January 1979.[6]

Cabinet

Members of Bakhtiar's cabinet were as follows:

PortfolioMinisterTook officeLeft officeParty
Prime Minister6 January 197911 February 1979 Iran Party
Minister of Foreign Affairs5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Interior5 January 197911 February 1979 Iran Party
Minister of Housing
Javad Khadem Ahmadabadi
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Agriculture
Manouchehr Kazemi
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of War5 January 197911 February 1979 Military
Minister of Health
Manouchehr Razmara
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Education5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Justice5 January 197927 January 1979 Nonpartisan
Shamsoddin Alemi
27 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Post, Telegraph and Telephone
Lotfali Samimi
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Information and Tourism5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Economic Affairs and Finance
Rostam Pirasteh
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Commerce
Abbas-Gholi Bakhtiar
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Minister of Labor and Social Affairs
Manouchehr Aryana
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Advisory Minister
Advisory Minister5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Vice Prime Ministers
Deputy Prime Minister
Mohammad Moshiri Yazdi
5 January 197910 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Fathollah Motamedi
10 February 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
Director of the SAVAK5 January 197911 February 1979 Military
President of the Atomic Energy Organization5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
President of the Department of Environment
Manouchehr Feyli
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan
President of the Physical Education Organization5 January 197911 February 1979 Military
Secretary-General of the ARAO
Amin AliMard
5 January 197911 February 1979 Nonpartisan

See also

References
  1. (۱۳۸۹). «انقلاب اسلامی». ایران بین دو انقلاب. ترجمهٔ احمد گل‌محمدی، محمدابراهیم فتاحی و لیلایی. تهران: نشر نی
  2. "روایت کریم سنجابی از نخست وزیری شاپور بختیار". BBC News فارسی (in Persian). 2011-08-09. Retrieved 2022-06-14.
  3. "روایتی دیگر: بختیار چرا و چگونه نخست وزیر شد؟". BBC News فارسی (in Persian). 2011-08-02. Retrieved 2022-06-14.
  4. (۱۳۸۹). «انقلاب اسلامی». ایران بین دو انقلاب. ترجمهٔ احمد گل‌محمدی، محمدابراهیم فتاحی و لیلایی. تهران: نشر نی.
  5. "Wayback Machine" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2009. Retrieved 2022-06-14.
  6. Sepehri, Sahab. ""Three days of making history, twenty to twenty-two Bahman 57 (2)"". Retrieved 1 January 2011.
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