Grand Manan Parish, New Brunswick

Grand Manan is a civil parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada,[2] comprising one village and one local service district (LSD), both of which are members of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission (SNBSC).[3] The parish includes Grand Manan Island and numerous lesser islands, only one of which has permanent year-round inhabitants.

Grand Manan Parish
Paroisse de Grand Manan
Parish
Location within Charlotte County, New Brunswick
Location within Charlotte County, New Brunswick
Country Canada
Province New Brunswick
CountyCharlotte
Erected1816
Area
[1]
 • Land5.96 km2 (2.30 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total139
 • Density23.3/km2 (60/sq mi)
 • Change 2016-2021
Decrease 4.1%
 • Dwellings
106
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-3 (ADT)
Figures do not include the village of Grand Manan, which includes all of the parish other than White Head Island

Confusion is sometimes caused by other uses of the name: epenthesis of Grand Manan Island to Grand Manan; the village of Grand Manan; the census subdivision of Grand Manan Parish, which includes only White Head Island; and the assumption of an LSD with the name of Grand Manan, which never existed.

Origin of name

The parish takes its name from Grand Manan Island, which is often shortened to Grand Manan. Ganong gives the origin of the island's name as Mun-aa-nook', his transcription of the locative form of the Passamaquoddy word for island, combined with the French adjective grand used on some early French maps of the area.[4]

History

The parish was erected in 1816 from West Isles Parish as Grand-Manan, to include "Grand-Manan with its appurtenances".[5]

The hyphen was dropped from the name in 1850[6] and appurtenances was clarified in 1877,[7] implicitly adding Machias Seal Island to the parish.[lower-alpha 1]

Boundaries

Grand Manan Parish includes the main island and all islands to the south and west.[2][8][9]

Municipality

The village of Grand Manan was formed in 1995[10] and includes all of the parish except White Head Island.[11]

Former local service district

White Head Island comprises only that island.[12]

The LSD was established in 1979 to assess for fire protection,[13] making it the last inhabited part of the parish to become part of a village or LSD.

The LSD assessed for only the basic LSD services of fire protection, police services, land use planning, emergency measures, and dog control.[14] The taxing authority was 521.00 White Head Island.

Since the beginning of 2023, it forms part of the Southwest rural district.[15]

Former villages and local service districts

Before 1995 Grand Manan Island comprised three villages and two LSDs. Running clockwise from the northern end of the island, these were:

  • North Head (village)
  • Castalia (LSD)
  • Woodwards Cove (LSD)
  • Grand Harbour (village)
  • Seal Cove (village)

Communities

Communities within the parish.[8][9][16] all communities except White Head are part of the village of Grand Manan

  • Castalia
  • Grand Harbour
  • Ingalls Head
  • Rocky Corner
  • Seal Cove
  • Tattons Corner
  • White Head
  • Woodwards Cove

Bodies of water

Bodies of water[lower-alpha 2] within the parish.[8][9][16]

  • Eel Lake
  • Little Lake
  • Bay of Fundy
  • Long Island Bay
  • Long Pond Bay
  • Dark Harbour
  • Grand Harbour
  • Little Dark Harbour
  • Three Island Harbour
  • Wood Island Harbour
  • Cheney Passage
  • Grand Manan Channel
  • The Thoroughfare

Islands

Islands within the parish.[8][9][16]

  • Cheney Island
  • Grand Manan Island
  • Great Duck Island
  • Hay Island
  • High Duck Island
  • Kent Island
  • Long Island
  • Low Duck Island
  • Machias Seal Island
  • Nantucket Island
  • North Green Island
  • Outer Wood Island
  • Pumpkin Islet
  • Rock Island
  • Ross Island
  • Sheep Island
  • South Green Island
  • West Pumpkin Island
  • Western Green Island
  • White Head Island
  • White Horse Islet
  • Wood Island
  • numerous officially named rocks and ledges

Other notable places

Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places within the parish.[8][9][16][17][18]

Census data

Population totals do not include the village of Grand Manan

Population
Canada census – Grand Manan community profile
202120162011
Population139 (-4.1% from 2016)145 (-10.5% from 2011)162 (-14.7% from 2006)
Land area5.96 km2 (2.30 sq mi)6.05 km2 (2.34 sq mi)6.20 km2 (2.39 sq mi)
Population density23.3/km2 (60/sq mi)24.0/km2 (62/sq mi)26.1/km2 (68/sq mi)
Median age49.2 (M: 53.6, F: 44.8)52.5 (M: 50.2, F: 56.5)49.0 (M: 45.5, F: 52.0)
Private dwellings65 (total)  103 (total)  100 (total) 
Median household income$80,640$.N/A
Notes: Income data
References: 2021[19] 2016[20] 2011[21] earlier[22][23]
Historical Census Data
Grand Manan Parish, New Brunswick
YearPop.±%
1991 189—    
1996 180−4.8%
YearPop.±%
2001 188+4.4%
2006 190+1.1%
YearPop.±%
2011 162−14.7%
2016 145−10.5%
[24][25]

Language
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Grand Manan Parish, New Brunswick[24]
Census Total
English
French
English & French
Other
Year Responses Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop %
2011
170
 160 Decrease 17.9% 94.12% 5 Increase n/a% 2.94% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 5 Increase n/a% 2.94%
2006
195
 195 Increase 7.7% 100.00% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 0 Decrease 100.0% 0.00%
2001
190
 180 Increase 27.8% 94.74% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 10 Increase n/a% 5.26%
1996
130
 130 n/a 100.00% 0 n/a 0.00% 0 n/a 0.00% 0 n/a 0.00%

Notes
  1. Machias Seal Island is 32 km from Grand Manan Island, perhaps a bit far to be considered an appurtenance.
  2. Not including brooks, ponds or coves.

References
  1. "Census Profile". Statistics Canada. 26 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
  2. "Chapter T-3 Territorial Division Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
  3. "Communities in each of the 12 Regional Service Commissions (RSC) / Les communautés dans chacune des 12 Commissions de services régionaux (CSR)" (PDF), Government of New Brunswick, July 2017, retrieved 1 February 2021
  4. Ganong, William F. (1896). A Monograph of the Place-Nomenclature of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 237. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  5. "56 Geo. III c. 10 An Act to constitute the Island of Grand-Manan and its appurtenances in the County of Charlotte into a distinct Town or Parish.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick. Passed in the Year 1816. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1816. p. 28. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  6. "13 Vic. c. 51 An Act to consolidate all the Laws now in force for the division of the Province into Counties, Towns and Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Mjaesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1850. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1850. pp. 142–152, 145–149. Retrieved 27 March 2021. Book was poorly proofread, resulting in title typo and reuse of page numbers 145–152.
  7. "Chapter 2 The Division of the Province into Counties, Towns, and Parishes.". The Consolidated Statutes of New Brunswick. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1877. pp. 56–85. Available as a free ebook from Google Books.
  8. "No. 167". Provincial Archives of New Brunswick. Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
  9. "504" (PDF). Transportation and Infrastructure. Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 3 July 2021. Remainder of parish (excluding Machias Seal Island) on mapbooks 505–508 at same site.
  10. New Brunswick Regulation 95-37.
  11. "New Brunswick Regulation 85-6 under the Municipalities Act (O.C. 85-45)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  12. "New Brunswick Regulation 84-168 under the Municipalities Act (O.C. 84-582)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  13. New Brunswick Regulation 79-158
  14. "2020 Local Government Statistics for New Brunswick" (PDF). Department of Environment and Local Government. p. 55. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  15. "Southwest Regional Service Commission: RD 10". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  16. "Search the Canadian Geographical Names Database (CGNDB)". Government of Canada. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
  17. "New Brunswick Regulation 2017-46 under the Parks Act (O.C. 2017-293)" (PDF). The Royal Gazette. Fredericton: Queen's Printer. 175: 1496–1497. 13 December 2017. ISSN 1714-9428. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
  18. "Explore New Brunswick's Protected Natural Areas". GeoNB. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
  19. "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 4 February 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  20. "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  21. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
  22. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 20 August 2019.
  23. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 18 July 2021.
  24. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
  25. "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Grand Manan, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 26 August 2019.

44.682813°N 66.787949°W / 44.682813; -66.787949 (Campobello Parish, New Brunswick)

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