Barton County, Kansas
Barton County (standard abbreviation: BT) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat and most populous city is Great Bend.[2] As of the 2020 census, the county population was 25,493.[1] The county is named in honor of Clara Barton, responsible for the founding of the American Red Cross, and the only county in Kansas to be named for a woman.[3]
Barton County | |
|---|---|
 Barton County Courthouse in Great Bend (1979) | |
 Location within the U.S. state of Kansas | |
 Kansas's location within the U.S. | |
| Coordinates: 38°28′N 98°46′W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Kansas |
| Founded | February 26, 1867 |
| Named for | Clara Barton |
| Seat | Great Bend |
| Largest city | Great Bend |
| Area | |
| • Total | 901 sq mi (2,330 km2) |
| • Land | 895 sq mi (2,320 km2) |
| • Water | 5.2 sq mi (13 km2) 0.6% |
| Population | |
| • Total | 25,493 |
| • Density | 28.5/sq mi (11.0/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 620 |
| Congressional district | 1st |
| Website | BartonCounty.org |
History
Early history
For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.
19th century
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.
In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1867, Barton County was established and named for Clara Barton. It is the only Kansas county named for a woman.[4]
In 1878, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway and parties from Marion County and McPherson County chartered the Marion and McPherson Railway Company.[5] In 1879, a branch line was built from Florence to McPherson, in 1880 it was extended to Lyons, in 1881 it was extended to Ellinwood.[6] The line was leased and operated by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. The line from Florence to Marion, was abandoned in 1968.[7] In 1992, the line from Marion to McPherson was sold to Central Kansas Railway. In 1993, after heavy flood damage, the line from Marion to McPherson was abandoned. The original branch line connected Florence, Marion, Canada, Hillsboro, Lehigh, Canton, Galva, McPherson, Conway, Windom, Little River, Mitchell, Lyons, Chase, Ellinwood.
21st century
In 2001, an F4 tornado hit Hoisington during Hoisington High School's prom.
Geography
Barton County was drawn in the shape of a 30-by-30-mile (48 by 48 km) square.[8] According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 901 square miles (2,330 km2), of which 895 square miles (2,320 km2) is land and 5.2 square miles (13 km2) (0.6%) is water.[9] The geographic center of Kansas is located in Barton County.
Adjacent counties
- Ellis County (northwest)
- Russell County (north)
- Ellsworth County (northeast)
- Rice County (southeast)
- Stafford County (south)
- Pawnee County (southwest)
- Rush County (west)
Major highways
Demographics
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 10,318 | — | |
| 1890 | 13,172 | 27.7% | |
| 1900 | 13,784 | 4.6% | |
| 1910 | 17,876 | 29.7% | |
| 1920 | 18,422 | 3.1% | |
| 1930 | 19,776 | 7.3% | |
| 1940 | 25,010 | 26.5% | |
| 1950 | 29,909 | 19.6% | |
| 1960 | 32,368 | 8.2% | |
| 1970 | 30,663 | −5.3% | |
| 1980 | 31,343 | 2.2% | |
| 1990 | 29,382 | −6.3% | |
| 2000 | 28,205 | −4.0% | |
| 2010 | 27,674 | −1.9% | |
| 2020 | 25,493 | −7.9% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[12] 1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14] 1990-2000[15] 2010-2020[1] | |||
The Great Bend Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Barton County.
As of the 2000 census,[16] there were 28,205 people, 11,393 households, and 7,530 families residing in the county. The population density was 32 people per square mile (12 people/km2). There were 12,888 housing units at an average density of 14 per square mile (5.4/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 92.98% White, 1.15% Black or African American, 0.51% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 3.51% from other races, and 1.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.31% of the population.
There were 11,393 households, out of which 31.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.10% were married couples living together, 7.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.90% were non-families. 30.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.00% under the age of 18, 9.00% from 18 to 24, 25.10% from 25 to 44, 22.00% from 45 to 64, and 17.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 93.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.10 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $32,176, and the median income for a family was $39,929. Males had a median income of $28,803 versus $20,428 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,695. About 9.90% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.00% of those under age 18 and 10.90% of those age 65 or over.
Government
Presidential elections
Prior to 1940, Barton County was a Democratic-leaning swing county in presidential elections, being a national bellwether from 1912 to 1936. From 1940 on, it has become a Republican Party stronghold, with the solitary Democratic Party presidential candidate to carry it since then being Lyndon B. Johnson in his national landslide of 1964.
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 2020 | 8,608 | 77.20% | 2,340 | 20.99% | 202 | 1.81% |
| 2016 | 7,888 | 76.29% | 1,839 | 17.79% | 612 | 5.92% |
| 2012 | 7,874 | 76.14% | 2,297 | 22.21% | 170 | 1.64% |
| 2008 | 7,802 | 70.56% | 3,027 | 27.38% | 228 | 2.06% |
| 2004 | 8,666 | 74.03% | 2,874 | 24.55% | 166 | 1.42% |
| 2000 | 7,302 | 66.65% | 3,238 | 29.56% | 415 | 3.79% |
| 1996 | 7,855 | 64.92% | 3,121 | 25.80% | 1,123 | 9.28% |
| 1992 | 5,113 | 37.65% | 3,846 | 28.32% | 4,623 | 34.04% |
| 1988 | 7,741 | 59.20% | 5,024 | 38.42% | 310 | 2.37% |
| 1984 | 10,232 | 75.58% | 3,111 | 22.98% | 195 | 1.44% |
| 1980 | 9,147 | 66.03% | 3,663 | 26.44% | 1,042 | 7.52% |
| 1976 | 7,311 | 55.63% | 5,497 | 41.83% | 334 | 2.54% |
| 1972 | 8,479 | 68.87% | 3,481 | 28.27% | 352 | 2.86% |
| 1968 | 6,700 | 54.88% | 4,464 | 36.57% | 1,044 | 8.55% |
| 1964 | 4,826 | 39.49% | 7,340 | 60.06% | 55 | 0.45% |
| 1960 | 7,599 | 55.61% | 6,036 | 44.17% | 30 | 0.22% |
| 1956 | 8,644 | 66.17% | 4,378 | 33.51% | 41 | 0.31% |
| 1952 | 9,380 | 70.43% | 3,847 | 28.88% | 92 | 0.69% |
| 1948 | 6,191 | 53.37% | 5,307 | 45.75% | 102 | 0.88% |
| 1944 | 5,547 | 59.36% | 3,761 | 40.25% | 37 | 0.40% |
| 1940 | 6,011 | 54.43% | 4,982 | 45.11% | 50 | 0.45% |
| 1936 | 3,534 | 37.13% | 5,978 | 62.81% | 5 | 0.05% |
| 1932 | 3,365 | 40.85% | 4,776 | 57.98% | 97 | 1.18% |
| 1928 | 4,966 | 63.94% | 2,777 | 35.75% | 24 | 0.31% |
| 1924 | 4,109 | 56.49% | 1,605 | 22.06% | 1,560 | 21.45% |
| 1920 | 3,993 | 68.77% | 1,688 | 29.07% | 125 | 2.15% |
| 1916 | 2,891 | 44.46% | 3,292 | 50.63% | 319 | 4.91% |
| 1912 | 692 | 17.01% | 2,069 | 50.85% | 1,308 | 32.15% |
| 1908 | 1,729 | 44.83% | 2,004 | 51.96% | 124 | 3.21% |
| 1904 | 1,939 | 58.19% | 1,235 | 37.06% | 158 | 4.74% |
| 1900 | 1,564 | 46.46% | 1,772 | 52.64% | 30 | 0.89% |
| 1896 | 1,215 | 42.56% | 1,616 | 56.60% | 24 | 0.84% |
| 1892 | 1,381 | 43.10% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,823 | 56.90% |
| 1888 | 1,353 | 49.16% | 1,228 | 44.62% | 171 | 6.21% |
Laws
Barton County was a prohibition, or "dry", county until the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 and voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement. The food sales requirement was removed with voter approval in 2004.[18]
Education
Colleges
Unified school districts
The five school districts are part of the special education area of Barton County called Barton County Special Services.
Communities
‡ means a community has portions in an adjacent county. † means a community is designated a Census-Designated Place (CDP) by the United States Census Bureau.
Cities
- Albert
- Claflin
- Ellinwood
- Galatia
- Great Bend (county seat)
- Hoisington
- Olmitz
- Pawnee Rock
- Susank
Townships
Barton County is divided into twenty-two townships. The cities of Ellinwood, Great Bend, and Hoisington are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.
| Township | FIPS | Population center |
Population | Population density /km2 (/sq mi) |
Land area km2 (sq mi) | Water area km2 (sq mi) | Water % | Geographic coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albion | 00850 | 58 | 1 (2) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.05% | 38°33′37″N 98°51′31″W | |
| Beaver | 04975 | 108 | 1 (3) | 95 (37) | 0 (0) | 0.05% | 38°38′42″N 98°39′18″W | |
| Buffalo | 09075 | 490 | 6 (14) | 88 (34) | 0 (0) | 0.12% | 38°24′23″N 98°51′47″W | |
| Cheyenne | 13025 | 238 | 1 (4) | 174 (67) | 13 (5) | 6.80% | 38°31′46″N 98°38′25″W | |
| Clarence | 13475 | 125 | 1 (3) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | 38°23′58″N 98°58′25″W | |
| Cleveland | 14025 | 69 | 1 (2) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.12% | 38°39′8″N 98°31′27″W | |
| Comanche | 15125 | 452 | 3 (7) | 167 (64) | 0 (0) | 0.11% | 38°17′50″N 98°35′59″W | |
| Eureka | 21750 | 116 | 1 (3) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.24% | 38°28′49″N 98°51′37″W | |
| Fairview | 22400 | Galatia | 129 | 1 (4) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.03% | 38°38′52″N 98°58′8″W |
| Grant | 27475 | 79 | 1 (2) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.10% | 38°33′49″N 98°58′15″W | |
| Great Bend | 28325 | 1,839 | 18 (46) | 104 (40) | 1 (0) | 0.50% | 38°23′5″N 98°44′50″W | |
| Independent | 33975 | Claflin | 844 | 9 (24) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.04% | 38°32′36″N 98°31′36″W |
| Lakin | 38125 | 299 | 2 (4) | 172 (67) | 0 (0) | 0.23% | 38°22′59″N 98°33′58″W | |
| Liberty | 39875 | 321 | 4 (9) | 88 (34) | 0 (0) | 0.21% | 38°18′33″N 98°51′29″W | |
| Logan | 41750 | 176 | 2 (5) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.06% | 38°28′59″N 98°31′40″W | |
| North Homestead | 51200 | 133 | 1 (4) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.06% | 38°33′44″N 98°45′59″W | |
| Pawnee Rock | 54900 | Pawnee Rock | 544 | 6 (15) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.05% | 38°16′59″N 98°59′12″W |
| South Bend | 66525 | 682 | 7 (19) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.17% | 38°18′42″N 98°45′56″W | |
| South Homestead | 66725 | 343 | 4 (10) | 90 (35) | 1 (0) | 1.23% | 38°29′9″N 98°46′38″W | |
| Union | 72025 | Susank | 128 | 1 (4) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.20% | 38°38′46″N 98°45′59″W |
| Walnut | 74825 | Albert, Olmitz | 474 | 5 (13) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | 38°28′16″N 98°58′8″W |
| Wheatland | 77600 | 74 | 1 (2) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.14% | 38°39′45″N 98°51′48″W | |
| Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on August 2, 2002. | ||||||||
See also
- Community information for Kansas
References
- "QuickFacts; Barton County, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
- "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on March 2, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. Standard Publishing Company. pp. 153.
- Brackman, Barbara (1997). Kansas Trivia. Thomas Nelson Inc. p. 26. ISBN 9781418553814.
- Marion County Kansas : Past and Present; Sondra Van Meter; MB Publishing House; LCCN 72-92041; 344 pages; 1972.
- Fourth Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners for the Year Ending December 1, 1886 in State of Kansas; Kansas Publishing House; 1886.
- Railway Abandonment 1968
- History of the State of Kansas: Containing a Full Account of Its Growth from an Uninhabited Territory to a Wealthy and Important State. A. T. Andreas. 1883. p. 762.
- "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- National Atlas Archived December 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- "U.S. Census Bureau TIGER shape files". Archived from the original on May 23, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
- "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
- "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
- "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
- "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
- "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections".
- "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2006. Archived from the original on October 8, 2007. Retrieved December 28, 2007.
Further reading
- County
- Atlas and Plat Book of Barton County, Kansas; Kenyon Co; 55 pages; 1916.
- Plat Book of Barton County, Kansas; North West Publishing Co; 47 pages; 1902.
- Trails
- The Story of the Marking of the Santa Fe Trail by the Daughters of the American Revolution in Kansas and the State of Kansas; Almira Cordry; Crane Co; 164 pages; 1915.
- The National Old Trails Road To Southern California, Part 1 (LA to KC); Automobile Club Of Southern California; 64 pages; 1916.
External links
- County
- Maps
- Barton County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
- Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
- Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society
Places adjacent to Barton County, Kansas | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Municipalities and communities of Barton County, Kansas, United States | ||
|---|---|---|
| Cities | Map of Kansas highlighting Barton County | |
| Unincorporated communities | ||
| Townships | ||
| Footnotes | †This community is designated a Census-Designated Place (CDP) by the United States Census Bureau. ‡This community also has portions in an adjacent county or counties. | |