Griffonia

Griffonia
	Griffonia simplicifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Cercidoideae
Genus:	Griffonia; Baill. (1865)[1]
Type species
	Griffonia physocarpa; Baill.
Species
	4; see text
Synonyms[2]
	Bandeiraea Welw. ex Benth. & Hook. (1865)

Griffonia is a genus of central African flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Cercidoideae. Griffonia is known to have a high concentration of 5-HTP in its seeds.

The genus includes four species of scandent shrubs and lianas native to west and west-central tropical Africa, ranging from Liberia to DR Congo and Angola. They grow in humid tropical forests, swamp forests, and thickets in coastal wooded grassland.[3]

G. physocarpa, G. speciosa, and G. tessmannii are native to west-central Africa, with G. physocarpa having the widest distribution. G. simplicifolia ranges from Gabon to Liberia.[3]

Taxonomy

The genus Griffonia was named by Henri Baillon in honour of his friend and fellow physician Marie-Théophile Griffon du Bellay, explorer of Gabon, pioneer in the study of sleeping sickness and also of the African entheogen Iboga, source of the alkaloid ibogaine. [4]

Species

Griffonia comprises the following species:[1][5][6][7][3]

Griffonia physocarpa Baill.
Griffonia simplicifolia (M.Vahl ex DC.) Baill.
Griffonia speciosa (Welw. ex Benth.) Taub.
Griffonia tessmannii (De Wild.) Compère

References

The genus Griffonia, as well as the type, G. physocarpa, were first described and published in Adansonia 6: 188. 1865. "Name - !Griffonia Baill". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 14, 2012.
Wunderlin RP (2010). "Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 48: 1–5.
Griffonia Baill. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
http://ecole.nav.traditions.free.fr/officiers_griffon_theophile.htm Retrieved at 10.02 on 31/10/20.
"Name - !Griffonia Baill. subordinate taxa". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 14, 2012.
"ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Griffonia". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Griffonia". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 5 May 2014.

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[trop1-1] The genus Griffonia, as well as the type, G. physocarpa, were first described and published in Adansonia 6: 188. 1865. "Name - !Griffonia Baill". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 14, 2012.

[2] Wunderlin RP (2010). "Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 48: 1–5.

[powo-3] Griffonia Baill. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 31 August 2023.

[4] ttp://ecole.nav.traditions.free.fr/officiers_griffon_theophile.htm Retrieved at 10.02 on 31/10/20.

[trop2-5] "Name - !Griffonia Baill. subordinate taxa". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 14, 2012.

[6] "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Griffonia". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

[7] USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Griffonia". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 5 May 2014.