Gu Sa-maeng

Gu Sa-maeng
구사맹
Gu Sa-maeng; 구사맹
Internal Prince Neungan; (능안부원군, 綾安府院君)
Born	Gu Sa-maeng (구사맹); 1531; Kingdom of Joseon
Died	1604 (aged about 74); Woo Temple, Songhyeon Village, Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Burial	Geumgok-dong, Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
Spouse	Internal Princess Consort Seowon of the Cheongju Han clan; Internal Princess Consort Pyeongsan of the Pyeongsan Shin clan;
Issue	4 sons and 6 daughters, including Queen Inheon
House	Neungseong Gu clan
Father	Gu Sun
Mother	Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan
Korean name
Hangul	구사맹
Hanja	具思孟
Revised Romanization	Gu Sa-maeng
McCune–Reischauer	Ku Sa-mêng
Art name
Hangul	팔곡
Hanja	八谷
Revised Romanization	Palgok
McCune–Reischauer	Palkok
Courtesy name
Hangul	경시
Hanja	景時
Revised Romanization	Gyeongsi
McCune–Reischauer	Kyŏngsi
Posthumous name
Hangul	문의
Hanja	文懿
Revised Romanization	Munui
McCune–Reischauer	Munŭi

Gu Sa-maeng (Hangul: 구사맹, Hanja: 具思孟; 1531–1604) was a 16th century Korean nobleman, military officer and minister.[1] He was the father of Queen Inheon and the maternal grandfather of Injo of Joseon.[2]

Life

In 1549 (4th year of King Myeongjong), Gu Sa-maeng was appointed as Jinsa (진사). In 1558, at 27 years old he passed the national examination as a military officer and worked in Seungmunwon (승문원, 承文院) as an inspector.[3]

In 1560, he become a general and three years later, he went to the Ming Dynasty as the secretary of Saeun Temple.[4] He spent the following years as Ijojwarang (이조좌랑) and Ijojeongnang (이조정랑).

In 1567 after King Myeongjong's death, Gu become Binjeondogamjejo (빈전도감제조, 殯殿都監提調).[5] Two years later, in 1569 (2nd year of King Seonjo's reign), he was appointed as the Governor of Hwanghae Province.

In 1587, one of his youngest daughters married Grand Prince Jeongwon, the son of King Seonjo, and became the mother to three sons; one of them becoming the future king.

From then on, he started to serve in numerous government posts in the central and local areas during the reign of Seonjo of Joseon. Meanwhile, during the Imjin War (임진왜란), in 1597 (30th year of King Seonjo's reign), Gu served some of the Royal Princes. At this time, he was a Right Chamchan (2nd senior rank; 우참찬, 右參贊).[6]

Gu Sa-maeng died on April 1, 1604 (37th year of King Seonjo's reign), at the age of 74 years old due to the relapse of his chronic disease, which had plagued him since he was working in the Uigeumbu.

After his grandson ascended the throne as King Injo, along with posthumously honouring his parents as King and Queen, he also honoured his maternal grandfather as Internal Prince Neungan (능안부원군, 綾安府院君).[7][8]

It was said that in Gu's eulogy, it was written that he was a simple and quiet man by nature, and also liked frugality. So he didn't own land or a house, but only enjoyed his coat of arms ("천성이 담백하고 조용하였으며, 검소한 것을 좋아하여 땅이나 집을 장만하지 않고 오로지 문장을 즐겼다.").[9]

His tomb is located in Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province, along with his two wives, Lady Han (한씨) and Lady Shin (신씨).[10]

Books

There are two books written by Gu Sa-maeng:[11]

Yuhuichun (유희춘, 柳希春)
Yihwang (이황, 李滉)

Family

Great-great-grandfather
- Gu Chi-hong (구치홍, 具致洪) (1421 — 1507)
Great-grandfather
- Gu Su-yeong (구수영, 具壽永) (1456 — 1523)
Great-grandmother
- Yi Eok-cheon, Princess Gilan (길안현주, 이억천 정경부인 이씨) (July 1457 — October 1519)[12][13][14][15]
Grandfather
- Gu Hui-gyeong (구희경, 具希璟)
Grandmother
- Lady Shin of the Geochang Shin clan (신씨)[16]
Father - Gu Sun (구순, 具淳/具諄) (1507 — 1551)
- Uncle - Gu Jun (구준, 具準)
Mother - Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨)[17]
- Grandfather - Yi Jing-won, Prince Uisin (이징원 의신군) (1492 - ?)[18][19]
- Grandmother - Princess Consort Changnyeong of the Jeonui Lee clan (창녕현부인 전의 이씨, 全義李氏); daughter of Lee Myeong-pil (이명필, 李明弼)
- Step-Grandmother - Princess Consort Taein of the Eonyang Kim clan (태인현부인 언양 김씨, 彦陽金氏); daughter of Kim Yeong-nyeon (김영년, 金永年)

Sibling(s)

Older brother - Gu Sa-an (구사안, 具思顔; 1523–1562)
- Sister-in-law - Princess Hyosun (효순공주; 1522–1538)[20]
  - Adoptive Nephew - Gu Hong (구홍, 具弘)
    - Adoptive Grandnephew - Gu In-hu, Internal Prince Neungcheon (구인후 능천부원군, 具仁垕綾川府院君) (1578 - 1658)
      - Adoptive Grandniece-in-law - Lady Hwang (황씨, 黃氏); daughter of Hwang Chan (황찬, 黃璨)
        Adoptive Great-Grandniece - Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
        Adoptive Great-Grandnephew-in-law - Han Jin-dal (한진달, 韓振達)
        
        Adoptive Grandniece-in-law - Lady Lee (이씨, 李氏); daughter of Lee Yeong-hang (이영항, 李永恒)
        Adoptive Great-Grandnephew - Gu Mun-je (구문제, 具文濟)
        
        Adoptive Great-Grandnephew - Gu Mun-chi (구문치, 具文治)
        Adoptive Great-Grandniece-in-law - Lady Park Seung-ji (박승지, 朴承旨)
        Adoptive Great-Great-Grandnephew - Gu Oh (구오, 具鏊)
        
        Unnamed Adoptive Great-Grandniece-in-law
        Adoptive Great-Great-Grandnephew - Gu Heum (구흠, 具欽)
        
        Adoptive Great-Great-Grandnephew - Gu Hoeng (구횡, 具鐄) (1538 - ?)[21]

Wives and their issue:

Internal Princess Consort Seowon of the Cheongju Han clan (서원부부인 청주 한씨)[22] – No issue.
Internal Princess Consort Pyeongsan of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (평산부부인 평산 신씨; 1538–1622)[23][24]
- Son – Gu Seong (구성, 具宬) (1558 – 1618)
  - Daughter-in-law – Lady Jeong (정씨, 鄭氏)
    - Grandson – Gu In-gi (구인기, 具仁基)
    - Grandson – Gu In-hu, Internal Prince Neungcheon (구인후 능천부원군, 具仁垕綾川府院君) (1578 - 1658); became the adoptive son of Gu Hong (구홍, 具弘)
      - Granddaughter-in-law - Lady Hwang (황씨, 黃氏); daughter of Hwang Chan (황찬, 黃璨)
        Great-Granddaughter - Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
        Great grandson-in-law - Han Jin-dal (한진달, 韓振達)
      - Granddaughter-in-law - Lady Lee (이씨, 李氏); daughter of Lee Yeong-hang (이영항, 李永恒)
        Grandson - Gu Mun-je (구문제, 具文濟)
        
        Grandson - Gu Mun-chi (구문치, 具文治)
      - Granddaughter-in-law - Lady Park Seung-ji (박승지, 朴承旨)
        Adoptive great-grandson - Gu Oh (구오, 具鏊)
      - Unnamed granddaughter-in-law
        Great-grandson - Gu Heum (구흠, 具欽)
        
        Great-Grandson - Gu Hoeng (구횡, 具鐄) (1538 - ?)
    - Grandson – Gu In-hak (구인학, 具仁壆)
    - Granddaughter - Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
      - Grandson-in-law - Yi Ho, Prince Punghae (풍해군 이호)
    - Granddaughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
      - Grandson-in-law - Yu Chung-geol (유충걸, 柳忠傑)
    - Granddaughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
      - Grandson-in-law - Park Rin (박린, 朴潾)
- Son – Gu Hong (구홍, 具宖)
- Son - Gu Yong (구용, 具容) (1569 – 1601)
  - Grandson – Gu In-jong (구인중, 具仁重)
  - Granddaughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
    - Grandson-in-law - Kim Shin (김신, 金愼)
- Daughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
  - Son-in-law – Sim Eom (심엄, 沈㤿)[25]
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Granddaughter – Lady Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (청송 심씨, 靑松沈氏)
    - Granddaughter – Lady Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (청송 심씨, 靑松沈氏)
    - Granddaughter – Lady Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (청송 심씨, 靑松沈氏)
    - Granddaughter – Lady Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (청송 심씨, 靑松沈氏)
- Daughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
  - Son-in-law – Hong Hui (홍희, 洪憙)
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Granddaughter – Lady Hong
- Daughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
  - Son-in-law – Gwon Yu-nam (권유남, 權裕男)
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Granddaughter – Lady Gwon
- Daughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
  - Son-in-law – Kim Deok-mang (김덕망, 金德望)
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Unnamed grandson
    - Granddaughter – Lady Kim
    - Granddaughter – Lady Kim
    - Granddaughter – Lady Kim
    - Granddaughter – Lady Kim
    - Granddaughter – Lady Kim
- Son – Gu Gwing (구굉, 具宖) (1577 – 1562)
  - Grandson – Gu In-gi (구인기, 具仁墍) (1597 – 1676)
  - Granddaughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
    - Grandson-in-law - Lee Ip-shin (이입신, 李立身)
  - Granddaughter – Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
    - Grandson-in-law - Yu Gu (유구, 柳䪷)
- Daughter - Queen Inheon of the Neungseong Gu clan (인헌왕후 구씨) (23 May 1578 – 10 February 1626)
  - Son-in-law - Wonjong of Joseon (조선 원종) (2 August 1580 – 2 February 1620)
    - Grandson - Yi Jong, King Injo (이종 조선 인조) (7 December 1595 - 17 June 1649)
    - Grandson - Yi Bo, Grand Prince Neungwon (이보 능원대군) (15 May 1598 – 26 January 1656)
    - Grandson - Yi Jeon, Grand Prince Neungchang (이전 능창대군) (16 July 1599 – 17 November 1615)
- Daughter - Lady Gu (구씨, 具氏)
  - Son-in-law - Yi Bak (이박, 李璞)

References

"구사맹과 그의 딸 인헌왕후". Naver Blog (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
"인조 대왕 행장(行狀)". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
"비변사 당상을 인견하고 군량 수송, 명군의 진격, 호남의 방어 등을 논의하다". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
"왜적을 잡을 때 중국인을 죽인 것을 살피게 하고 천거의 무방함을 말하다". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
Lee Shik (1996). 국역택당집, Vol. 7 (in Korean). University of California: National Culture Promotion Association. p. 187. ISBN 9788979774139.
리조 실록: 선조 [Rijo Sillok: Seonjo] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Social Sciences Publishing House. 1975. pp. 241, 318.
"새 능의 터 내에 있는 종친과 신하들의 무덤은 예우하여 옮겨가게 하다". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
"구사맹(具思孟)". Naver Blog (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
"따뜻한 성품에 비단옷 걸치지 않은 왕의 어머니". Mudeung Ilbo - Sarangbang (in Korean). 1 December 2017. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
"장릉章陵(추존 원종과 인헌왕후)". Joseon Royal Tombs (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
Shin Byung-joo (2020). 왕비로 산다는 것 [Living as a Queen Consort] (in Korean). Maekyung Publishing. ISBN 9791164841776.
King Sejong —> Grand Prince Yeongeung —> Princess Gilan
She is a maternal cousin of Queen Jeongsun (Princess Gilan's mother is the aunt of the Queen)
Her 4th son, Gu Mun-gyeong (구문경, 具文璟), married Princess Hwishin (24 October 1491 - ?) (a daughter of King Yeonsangun and Queen Shin)
Through her 5th son, Gu Shin-gyeong (구신경, 具信璟) and his wife, Lady Lee of the Goseong Lee clan (고성 이씨, 固城李氏) — her grandson, Gu Han (구한, 具澣) (1524 - 1558), married Princess Sukjeong (1525 - 1564) (a daughter of King Jungjong and Royal Consort Suk-ui Kim)
Daughter of Shin Su-gyeom (신수겸, 愼守謙) who was the younger brother of Shin Su-geun (신수근), the older brother of Yeonsangun of Joseon's primary wife, Deposed Queen Shin.
Great-great-granddaughter of Grand Prince Hyoryeong
Great-grandson of Grand Prince Hyoryeong
King Taejong —> Grand Prince Hyoryeong —> Prince Boseong —> Yi Wi —> Prince Uishin
The second daughter of Jungjong of Joseon and Queen Munjeong
Married a daughter of Choi Myeong-gil
The daughter of Han Geuk-gong (한극공) and the granddaughter of Han Yun-chang (한윤창).
The daughter of Shin Hwa-guk (신화국) and the granddaughter of Shin Sang (신상). The older sister of Shin Rip
She is a paternal younger cousin of Queen Dangyeong, and Princess Hwishin
Nephew of Queen Insun and Sim Ui-gyeom

External links

Gu Sa-maeng on Encykorea (in Korean).
Gu Sa-maeng on Doosan Encyclopedia (in Korean).

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[1] "구사맹과 그의 딸 인헌왕후". Naver Blog (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[2] "인조 대왕 행장(行狀)". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[3] "비변사 당상을 인견하고 군량 수송, 명군의 진격, 호남의 방어 등을 논의하다". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[4] "왜적을 잡을 때 중국인을 죽인 것을 살피게 하고 천거의 무방함을 말하다". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[5] Lee Shik (1996). 국역택당집, Vol. 7 (in Korean). University of California: National Culture Promotion Association. p. 187. ISBN 9788979774139.

[6] 리조 실록: 선조 [Rijo Sillok: Seonjo] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Social Sciences Publishing House. 1975. pp. 241, 318.

[7] "새 능의 터 내에 있는 종친과 신하들의 무덤은 예우하여 옮겨가게 하다". Joseon Wangjo Sillok (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[8] "구사맹(具思孟)". Naver Blog (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[9] "따뜻한 성품에 비단옷 걸치지 않은 왕의 어머니". Mudeung Ilbo - Sarangbang (in Korean). 1 December 2017. Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[10] "장릉章陵(추존 원종과 인헌왕후)". Joseon Royal Tombs (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.

[11] Shin Byung-joo (2020). 왕비로 산다는 것 [Living as a Queen Consort] (in Korean). Maekyung Publishing. ISBN 9791164841776.

[12] King Sejong —> Grand Prince Yeongeung —> Princess Gilan

[13] She is a maternal cousin of Queen Jeongsun (Princess Gilan's mother is the aunt of the Queen)

[14] Her 4th son, Gu Mun-gyeong (구문경, 具文璟), married Princess Hwishin (24 October 1491 - ?) (a daughter of King Yeonsangun and Queen Shin)

[15] Through her 5th son, Gu Shin-gyeong (구신경, 具信璟) and his wife, Lady Lee of the Goseong Lee clan (고성 이씨, 固城李氏) — her grandson, Gu Han (구한, 具澣) (1524 - 1558), married Princess Sukjeong (1525 - 1564) (a daughter of King Jungjong and Royal Consort Suk-ui Kim)

[16] Daughter of Shin Su-gyeom (신수겸, 愼守謙) who was the younger brother of Shin Su-geun (신수근), the older brother of Yeonsangun of Joseon's primary wife, Deposed Queen Shin.

[17] Great-great-granddaughter of Grand Prince Hyoryeong

[18] Great-grandson of Grand Prince Hyoryeong

[19] King Taejong —> Grand Prince Hyoryeong —> Prince Boseong —> Yi Wi —> Prince Uishin

[20] The second daughter of Jungjong of Joseon and Queen Munjeong

[21] Married a daughter of Choi Myeong-gil

[22] The daughter of Han Geuk-gong (한극공) and the granddaughter of Han Yun-chang (한윤창).

[23] The daughter of Shin Hwa-guk (신화국) and the granddaughter of Shin Sang (신상). The older sister of Shin Rip

[24] She is a paternal younger cousin of Queen Dangyeong, and Princess Hwishin

[25] Nephew of Queen Insun and Sim Ui-gyeom