HDR10+

HDR10+[1] is a high dynamic range (HDR) video technology that adds dynamic metadata[2] to HDR10 source files. The dynamic metadata are used to adjust and optimize each frame of the HDR video to the consumer display's capabilities in a way based on the content creator's intentions.

HDR10+ Logo

HDR10+ is an alternative to Dolby Vision, which also uses dynamic metadata.[3] HDR10+ is the default variant of dynamic metadata as part of the HDMI 2.1 standard.[4]

HDR10+ Adaptive is an update designed to optimize HDR10+ content according to the ambient light.[5]

Description

HDR10+, also known as HDR10 Plus, was announced on 20 April 2017, by Samsung and Amazon Video. HDR10+ updates HDR10 by adding dynamic metadata that can be used to more accurately adjust brightness levels up to the full range of PQ code values (10,000 nits maximum brightness) on a scene-by-scene or frame-by-frame basis.[6][7][8][9] The technology is standardized and defined in SMPTE ST 2094-40.[10][11][12][7][8][9] HDR10+ is an open standard and is royalty-free; it is supported by a growing list of post-production software and tools.[7][8][9] A certification and logo program for HDR10+ device manufacturers is available with an annual administration fee for certain adopter categories and no per-unit royalty.[13] Authorized test centers conduct certification testing for HDR10+ devices.[13]

On 28 August 2017, Samsung, Panasonic, and 20th Century Fox created the HDR10+ Technologies LLC[14] to promote the HDR10+ standard.[15] HDR10+ video started being offered by Amazon Video on 13 December 2017.[16] On 5 January 2018, Warner Bros. announced their support for the HDR10+ standard.[17] On 6 January 2018, Panasonic announced Ultra HD Blu-ray players with support for HDR10+.[18] On 4 April 2019, Universal Pictures Home Entertainment announced a technology collaboration with Samsung Electronics to release new titles mastered with HDR10+.[19] It is considered to have most of the advantages of Dolby Vision over HDR10, as well as being royalty free.

HDR10+ signals the dynamic range and scene characteristics on a scene-by-scene or even frame-by-frame basis. The display device then uses the dynamic metadata to apply an appropriate tone map through the process of dynamic tone mapping.[20] Dynamic tone mapping differs from static tone mapping by applying a different tone curve from scene-to-scene rather than use a single tone curve for an entire video.[21]

HDR10+ and Dolby Vision do not use the same dynamic metadata.

Technical details

HDR10+ content profile
  • EOTF: SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ)
  • Chroma subsampling: 4:2:0 (for compressed video sources)
  • Resolution: Agnostic (2K/4K/8K,[22] etc.)
  • Bit depth: 10-bit or more (up to 16-bit) per color channel
  • Color primaries: ITU-R BT.2020
  • Maximum linearized pixel value: 10,000 cd/m2 for each color R/G/B (content)
  • Metadata (required): Mastering Display Color Volume Metadata[23]
  • Metadata (optional): MaxCLL, MaxFALL[24]

HDR10+ technology can support the full range of HDR standards to 10,000 cd/m2, 8K and BT.2020 color gamut. Being resolution agnostic, metadata needs to be created only once and can be applied to any target resolution.

HDR10+ is supported in video encoding technologies HEVC, AV1, VP9 compatibility via WebM[25] as well as any codec that supports ITU-T T.35 metadata.

Workflow and ecosystem
HDR10+ distribution ecosystem

HDR10+ utilizes an HDR10 master file within existing HDR post-production and distribution workflows.

The HDR10+ ecosystem is used within current systems by,

  • storing HDR10+ metadata in JSON files
  • embedding HDR10+ metadata into HDR10 encoded content
  • distribution through digital stream (e.g. streaming with HDR10+ SEI[26])
  • displaying HDR10+ content on a capable display (e.g. HDMI interfaces with HDR10+ VSIF) and mobile devices [27] 

Metadata generation
HDR10+ metadata workflow

For offline and video-on-demand (VOD) (e.g. ultra-high-definition Blu-ray, over-the-top (OTT), multi-channel video programming distributor (MVPD)), HDR10+ metadata may be created during the post-production, mastering process or during transcoding/encoding for distribution back-ends by HDR10+ content generation tools in two steps,

  1. Identifying scene cuts, and
  2. Performing an image analysis on each scene or frame to derive statistics

HDR10+ metadata is interchanged through a low complexity JSON-structured text file,[28] which is then parsed and injected into video files.

Live encoding
HDR10+ live encoder workflow

Live use cases are possible by delivering HDR10+ metadata in every frame. HEVC encoders generate and inject metadata on live content and mobile phones record video and create HDR10+[29] metadata in real-time during recording. Live encoding is detailed in the Live Encoder Workflow diagram and real time broadcast operations are supported at the point of transmission enabling a metadata-less broadcast operation.

Compatibility
HDR10+ backward compatibility

HDR10+ metadata follows ITU-T T.35 and can co-exist with other HDR metadata such as HDR10 static metadata that makes HDR10+ content backward compatible[30] with non-HDR10+ TVs. HDR10+ metadata is ignored by devices that do not support the format and video is played back in HDR10.

Administration

HDR10+ Technologies, LLC[31] administers the license and certification program for products that want to adopt HDR10+. HDR10+ Technologies, LLC provides the technical specifications, test specifications, and certified logo.

Founders[32]

Authorized test centers

Certification of products is done through authorized test centers. The following are a list of HDR10+ authorized test centers:

Adoption

Adopters[33]

HDR10+ certified products

Certified product[34] categories include:

  • Ultra-High Definition displays
  • Ultra-High Definition Blu-ray disc players
  • Systems-on-chip (SoC)
  • Set-top boxes
  • A/V Receivers
  • Streaming applications
  • Mobile devices
  • Inflight Entertainment Systems

References
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