HD 20781

HD 20781 is a star which is part of a wide binary system with HD 20782. The companion star has a very large angular separation of 252 arcsec, corresponding to 9080 AU at the distance of HD 20782.[5] Both stars possess their own planetary systems in S type orbits, with a total of five known planets around both stars.[3][6] This is the first known example of planets being found orbiting both components of a wide binary system.[5][7] HD 20781 has no noticeable starspot activity.[3]

HD 20781
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Fornax[1]
Right ascension 03h 20m 02.94286s[2]
Declination −28° 47′ 01.7905″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 8.48[3]
Characteristics
Spectral type K0V[3]
B−V color index 0.82[3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)40.27±0.12[2] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 348.869±0.015 mas/yr[2]
Dec.: −66.614±0.019 mas/yr[2]
Parallax (π)27.8123 ± 0.0239 mas[2]
Distance117.3 ± 0.1 ly
(35.96 ± 0.03 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)5.70[3]
Details[3]
Mass0.7 M☉
Luminosity0.49±0.04 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.37±0.05 cgs
Temperature5256±29 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.11±0.02 dex
Rotation46.8±4.4 d
Rotational velocity (v sin i)1.1 km/s
Other designations
CD–29° 1229, HIP 15526, LTT 1581, SAO 168468, 2MASS J03200291-2847016, Gaia DR1 5060105892897388288[4]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Planetary system

In 2011, a pair of Neptune-mass gas giants were detected with the radial velocity method.[7] In 2017, these planets were confirmed and an additional two inner super-Earths were detected, with periods of 5.3 and 13.9 days respectively.[3]

The HD 20781 planetary system[3]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b ≥1.93+0.39
−0.36 M🜨		 0.0529+0.0024
−0.0027		 5.3135±0.0010 0.10+0.11
−0.07		 — —
c ≥5.33+0.70
−0.67 M🜨		 0.1004+0.0046
−0.0051		 13.8905+0.0033
−0.0034		 0.09+0.09
−0.06		 — —
d ≥10.61+1.20
−1.19 M🜨		 0.1647+0.0076
−0.0083		 29.1580+0.0102
−0.0100		 0.11+0.05
−0.06		 — —
e ≥14.03±1.56 M🜨 0.3374+0.0155
−0.0170		 85.5073+0.0983
−0.0947		 0.06+0.06
−0.04		 — —

See also

References
  1. Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a Constellation From a Position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695–699. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Vizier query form
  2. Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. Udry, S.; Dumusque, X.; et al. (February 2019). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLIV. Eight HARPS multi-planet systems hosting 20 super-Earth and Neptune-mass companions". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 622: A37. arXiv:1705.05153. Bibcode:2019A&A...622A..37U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731173. S2CID 119095511.
  4. "HD 20781 -- High proper-motion Star". SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2014-09-10.
  5. Desidera, S.; Barbieri, M. (January 2007). "Properties of planets in binary systems. The role of binary separation". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 462 (1): 345–353. arXiv:astro-ph/0610623. Bibcode:2007A&A...462..345D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066319. S2CID 13813761.
  6. "HD 20782". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  7. Mayor, M.; Marmier, M.; et al. (2011). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XXXIV. Occurrence, mass distribution and orbital properties of super-Earths and Neptune-mass planets". arXiv:1109.2497 [astro-ph].
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