HMS Plumper (1848)

HMS Plumper was part of the 1847 programme, she was ordered on the 25 of April as a steam schooner from Woolwich Dockyard with the name Pincher. However, the reference Ships of the Royal Navy, by J.J. College, (c) 2020 there is no entry that associates this name to this build.[1] The vessel was reordered on August 12 as an 8-gun sloop as designed by John Fincham, Master Shipwright at Portsmouth. Launched in 1848, she served three commissions, firstly on the West Indies and North American Station, then on the West Africa Station and finally in the Pacific Station. It was during her last commission as a survey ship that she left her most enduring legacy; in charting the west coast of British Columbia she left her name and those of her ship's company scattered across the charts of the region. She paid off for the last time in 1861 and was finally sold for breaking up in 1865.

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Plumper.

HMS Plumper (right)
HMS Plumper (right), with HMS Termagant (left) and HMS Alert (background) at Esquimalt in the late 1850s
History
Royal Navy EnsignUnited Kingdom
NameHMS Plumper
Ordered
  • 25 April 1847
  • Re-ordered 12 August 1847
BuilderPortsmouth dockyard
Cost£20,446
Laid downOctober 1847
Launched5 April 1848
Commissioned17 December 1848
FateSold for breaking 2 June 1865
General characteristics
TypeScrew sloop
Displacement577 tons
Tons burthen490 24/94 bm
Length140 ft 0 in (42.7 m) gundeck, 121 ft 10.5 in (37.1 m) Keel for tonnage
Beam27 ft 10 in (8.5 m) maximum, 27 ft 6 in (8.4 m) for tonnage
Draught11 ft 4+1⁄2 in (3.5 m) mean
Depth of hold14 ft 6 in (4.4 m)
Installed power148 ihp (110 kW)
Propulsion
  • 2-cylinder vertical single-expansion steam engine
  • Single screw
Sail planBarque rig
Speed7.4 kn (13.7 km/h) under power
Complement100
Armament
  • As built:  8 guns:
  • 2 × 32-pdr (56cwt) muzzle-loading smooth-bore guns
  • 6 × 32-pdr (25cwt) muzzle-loading smooth-bore guns
  • From October 1856:  12 guns

Plumper was the fifth named vessel since it was introduced for a 12-gun gunvessel launched by Randall of Rotherhithe on 17 May 1794 and sold in January 1802.[1]

Construction

Plumper’s keel was laid in October 1847 at Portsmouth Dockyard and launched on 5 April 1848. Her gundeck was 140 ft 0 in (42.7 m) with her keel length reported for tonnage calculation of 121 ft 10.5 in (37.1 m). Her maximum breadth was 27 ft 10 in (8.5 m) reported for tonnage was 27 ft 6 in (8.4 m). She had a depth of hold of 14 ft 6 in (4.4 m). Her builder's measure tonnage was 490 tons and displaced 577 tons. Her mean draught was 11 ft 4.5 in (3.5 m).[2]

Her machinery was supplied by Miller, Ravenhill & Company. She shipped two rectangular fire tube boilers. Her engine was a 2-cylinder vertical single expansion (VSE) oscillating steam engine with cylinders of 27 in (685.8 mm) in diameter with a 24 in (609.6 mm) stroke, rated at 60 nominal horsepower (NHP). She had a single screw propeller of 9 ft (2.7 m) in diameter.[2]

Her main armament consisted of two Blomefield 32-pounder 56 hundredweight (cwt) muzzle loading smooth bore (MLSB) 9.5-foot solid shot guns and six Blomefield (bored up from 18-pounders) 32-pounder 25 cwt MLSB 6-foot solid shot guns on broadside trucks.[2]

Trials

During steam trials her engine generated 148 indicated horsepower (IHP) for a speed of 7.4 knots.[2]

Plumper was completed for sea on the 17th of December 1848 at a cost of £20,446.[2]

Commissioned Service

First commission (1848–1853)

She was commissioned on 6 November 1848 under Commander Matthew S. Nolloth, RN[3] for Particular Service with Admiral Sir Charles Napier’s Western Squadron. In January 1849 she was sent to the North America and West Indies Station. Curiously, a report was published in the Illustrated London News on 14 April 1849 of a sighting of a sea serpent off the Portuguese Coast.

Supposed Appearance of the Great Sea-Serpent, From H.M.S. Plumper, Sketched by an Officer on Board, Illustrated London News, 14 April 1849

On the morning of the 31st December, 1848, in lat. 41° 13'N., and long. 12° 31'W., being nearly due west of Oporto, I saw a long black creature with a sharp head, moving slowly, I should think about two knots ... its back was about twenty feet if not more above water; and its head, as near as I could judge, from six to eight...There was something on its back that appeared like a mane, and, as it moved through the water, kept washing about; but before I could examine it more closely, it was too far astern

— "A Naval Officer"[4]

On 25 June 1850, she ran aground and was damaged off Digby, Nova Scotia, British North America. She was refloated and taken in to Digby for repairs.[5] In June 1851 she deployed to the south-east coast of America[6] and during this period she captured the slavers Flor-do-Mar on 14 June 1851[7] and Sarah on 9 June 1851 (with HMS Cormorant).[8]

She is recorded as arriving in Portsmouth from Brazil with 6,370 troy ounces (198 kg) of gold trans-shipped from the Emperor on 31 December 1852.[9] She paid off at Portsmouth on 6 January 1853.[10]

Second commission (1853–1856)

After a short refit she recommissioned at Portsmouth under Commander John A.L. Wharton, RN on 1 August 1853 for service on the West Coast of Africa.[11] At the time, the West Africa Squadron was employed overwhelmingly in anti-slavery patrols. She changed commanders on 5 April 1855 when Commander William H. Haswell took command.[12] The London Gazette records the capture of a slaving vessel of unknown name by Plumper on 19 October 1855.[13] By October 1856 her gun armament was increased to 12 guns. She returned to Home Waters paying off at Portsmouth on 9 December 1856.[10]

Third commission (1857–1861)
HMS Plumper at Port Harvey, Vancouver Island from a drawing by E P Bedwell

She recommissioned at Portsmouth on 10 December 1856 under Captain George Henry Richards, RN for service on the Pacific Coast of British North America as a survey ship.[14] During her tenure there she surveyed the lower Fraser River, Burrard Inlet, Howe Sound, Sunshine Coast[15] and the waters around Esquimalt and Victoria on Vancouver's Island. The Plumper, having embarked a company of Royal Marines, was involved in the Pig War crisis between the United States and Britain in 1859; along with Tribune, which was commanded by Captain Geoffrey Hornby, the Plumper and HMS Satellite were dispatched by Governor James Douglas to prevent American soldiers from erecting fortifications on San Juan Island and bringing in reinforcements.[16]

Francis Brockton was the ship's engineer under Captain Richards when, in 1859, Brockton found a vein of coal in the Vancouver area. After the discovery, which Richards reported to Governor James Douglas, Richards named the area of the find Coal Harbour and named Brockton Point, at the east end of what is now Stanley Park in Vancouver, after Francis Brockton.[17]

Commander Anthony Hoskins brought HMS Hecate out to the Pacific Station and swapped commands with Richards, taking command of the Plumper in January 1861. He then returned to the United Kingdom, paying the ship off at Portsmouth on 2 July 1861.[6]

Disposal

Plumper was sold to White of Cowes for breaking on 2 June 1865.[6]

Legacy
The officers of HMS Plumper
Standing: Dr David Lyall, Paymaster W H J Brown, Capt Richards, Master Daniel Pender; Seated: Master E P Bedwell, Lt Mayne, Mrs Mary Richards, Lt W Moriarity (December 1860)

Several significant features of the coast of British Columbia are named after Plumper, including Plumper Sound in the Southern Gulf Islands region of British Columbia and Plumper Cove at Keats Island (from which Plumper Cove Marine Provincial Park takes its name). Other features were named after the ship's company, including:

An image of the ship appears on the coat-of-arms of the town of Sidney on southern Vancouver Island.[18]

Citations
  1. Colledge
  2. Lyon Winfield, page 213
  3. The Navy List, Jan 1849, page 148
  4. Illustrated London News, 14 April 1849
  5. "Ship News". The Standard. No. 8114. London. 14 August 1850.
  6. "HMS PLumper at William Loney website". Retrieved 13 November 2009.
  7. "No. 21649". The London Gazette. 9 January 1855. p. 108.
  8. "No. 21714". The London Gazette. 18 May 1855. p. 1935.
  9. "HMS Plumper at the Naval Database". Retrieved 13 November 2009.
  10. Winfield
  11. The Navy List, Oct 1853, page 160
  12. The Navy List, Jul 1855, page 166
  13. "No. 22023". The London Gazette. 21 July 1857. p. 2517.
  14. The Navy List Jan 57, page 164
  15. Little, Gary. "Capt. George Henry Richards: 1860 Sunshine Coast Survey"
  16. "San Juan Island Pig War – Part 1 at History Link website". Retrieved 13 November 2009.
  17. "Brockton Point, BC at Lighthouse Friends website". Retrieved 13 November 2009.
  18. "Town Crest – Town of Sidney website". Retrieved 17 May 2017.

References
  • Lyon Winfield, The Sail & Steam Navy List, All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815 to 1889, by David Lyon & Rif Winfield, published by Chatham Publishing, London © 2004, ISBN 1-86176-032-9
  • The Navy List, published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London
  • Winfield, British Warships in the Age of Sail (1817 – 1863), by Rif Winfield, published by Seaforth Publishing, England © 2014, eISBN 9781473837430, Chapter 12 Screw Sloops, Vessels ordered or reordered as steam screw sloops (from 1845), Plumper
  • Colledge, Ships of the Royal Navy, by J.J. Colledge, revised and updated by Lt Cdr Ben Warlow and Steve Bush, published by Seaforth Publishing, Barnsley, Great Britain, © 2020, e ISBN 978-1-5267-9328-7 (EPUB), Section P (Plumper, Pincher)
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