HMS Racer (1812)
HMS Racer was the American schooner Independence, launched in 1811 in New York, that the British Royal Navy captured in 1812 and took into service. She was wrecked in the Florida Straits on 10 October 1814.
| History | |
|---|---|
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} United States | |
| Name | Independence |
| Builder | New York |
| Launched | 1811 |
| Captured | 9 November 1812 |
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | Racer |
| Acquired | 1812 by purchase of a prize |
| Fate | Wrecked 10 October 1814 |
| General characteristics [1] | |
| Type | Schooner |
| Tonnage | 250 (exact) (bm) |
| Length |
|
| Beam | 24 ft 10+1⁄2 in (7.6 m) |
| Depth of hold | 9 ft 8 in (2.9 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Complement | 60 |
| Armament | 12 × 12-pounder carronades + 2 × 6-pounder chase guns |
Capture
HMS Medusa captured the American schooner Independence, of 213 tons (bm), four guns, and 23 men, on 9 November 1812. Independence had been sailing from Bayonne to New York with a cargo of brandy, silks, etc.[2] Although British records report that she was a privateer, she was at most a letter of marque, though she does not appear in a compendium of American privateers and letters of marque.[3]
Career and loss
Her first commander, in 1813 to 1814, was Lieutenant J. Jullan. Lieutenant Henry Freeman Young Pogson replaced Jullan. She underwent small repairs at Plymouth between January and August 1813.
The Marquis of Wellington requested a naval demonstration on 10 November 1813 at Socoa in the rear of the French lines of communication. Admiral Keith dispatched four vessels to Saint-Jean-de-Luz: HMS Vesuvius, Challenger, Sparrow, and Racer. However, the swell was so heavy that the naval vessels could do little beyond exchanging fire with the shore batteries there.[4]
Fate
Racer was cruising off the southern American coast when a large privateer chased her. Racer escaped but when Pogson decided to return to Jamaica she wrecked on the Cay Sal Bank in the Florida Straits. Pogson got his men on to the Cay. He then sailed a small boat to Nassau, Bahamas, and brought back assistance.[5]
Post-script
Parliament voted a special grant to the officers and crews that served under Admiral Lord Viscount Keith on the north coast of Spain and the coast of France in the years 1812, 1813, and 1814. Racer was among the many vessels that qualified for the grant for service in 1813 and 1814.[lower-alpha 1]
Notes
Citations
- Winfield (2008), p. 363.
- "No. 16715". The London Gazette. 27 March 1813. p. 627.
- Emmons (1853), p. 182.
- "No. 16819". The London Gazette. 30 November 1813. p. 2406.
- Hepper (1994), p. 152.
- "No. 17864". The London Gazette. 26 October 1822. p. 1752.
References
- Emmons, George Foster (1853). The navy of the United States, from the commencement, 1775 to 1853; with a brief history of each vessel's service and fate ... Comp. by Lieut. George F. Emmons ... under the authority of the Navy Dept. To which is added a list of private armed vessels, fitted out under the American flag ... also a list of the revenue and coast survey vessels, and principal ocean steamers, belonging to citizens of the United States in 1850. Washington: Gideon & Co.
- Hepper, David J. (1994). British Warship Losses in the Age of Sail, 1650–1859. Rotherfield: Jean Boudriot. ISBN 0-948864-30-3.
- Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-246-7.
