HMS Richmond (1757)

HMS Richmond was the name ship of the six-vessel, 32-gun Richmond-class fifth-rate frigates of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1757 and served throughout the American Revolutionary War. She and HMS Emerald captured French brig Alexandrine in Chesapeake Bay off the mouth of the Rappahannock River 3 January, 1778.[1] She captured 1 prise off Cape Charles in February, 1778.[2] She was captured by the French 74-gun Bourgogne and the frigate Aigrette captured her on 11 September 1781 in the Chesapeake. She then served as Richemont under Lieutenant Mortemart.[3]

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Richmond.

History
Great Britain
NameHMS Richmond
Ordered12 March 1756
BuilderJohn Buxton, Deptford
Laid downApril 1756
Launched12 November 1757
Completed7 December 1757 at Deptford Dockyard
CommissionedApril 1757
FateCaptured by the French Navy in Chesapeake Bay, 11 September 1781
French Navy Ensign French Navy Ensign French Navy EnsignFrance
NameRichemont
Acquired1781 by capture
FateScuttled by fire on 19 May 1793
General characteristics
Class and typeRichmond-class fifth-rate frigate
Displacement1,000 (tons; French)
Tons burthen664 16⁄94 (bm)
Length
  • 127 ft 1+1⁄2 in (38.748 m) (gundeck)
  • 107 ft 1+1⁄8 in (32.642 m) (keel)
Beam34 ft 1+3⁄4 in (10.408 m)
Depth of hold11 ft 10 in (3.61 m)
Sail planFull-rigged ship
Complement
  • British service:210 officers and men
  • French service:
  • 220 (war) & 150 (peace)
Armament
  • Upperdeck: 26 × 12-pounder guns
  • QD: 4 × 6-pounder guns
  • Fc: 2 × 6-pounder guns
An image of HMS Richmond (1757)

On 12 April 1782 she fought at the Battle of the Saintes and famously tried to tow Glorieux to safety.[4] A painting of the attempt was made later, and was on display at the Ministry of the Navy in the 1930.[5]

Fate

The French burned her at Sardinia on 19 May 1793 to prevent the Spanish from capturing her.[6]

Citations
  1. "Naval Documents of The American Revolution Volume 11 AMERICAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778 EUROPEAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778" (PDF). U.S. Government printing office via Imbiblio. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  2. "The Maritime War: The Revolutionary War in Princess Anne County" (PDF). vbgov.com. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  3. Roche (2005), p. 383.
  4. Fraser (2009), p. 137-38.
  5. Contenson (1934), p. 233.
  6. Winfield and Roberts (2015), Chap. 5.

References
  • Contenson, Ludovic (1934). La Société des Cincinnati de France et la guerre d'Amérique (1778–1783). Paris: éditions Auguste Picard. OCLC 7842336.
  • Fraser, Edward (2009). Famous Fighters of the Fleet: Glimpses Through the Cannon Smoke in the Days of the Old Navy (1904). Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 9781104820039.
  • Robert Gardiner, The First Frigates, Conway Maritime Press, London 1992. ISBN 0-85177-601-9.
  • Guérin, Léon (1863). Histoire maritime de France (in French). Vol. 5. Dufour et Mulat.
  • David Lyon, The Sailing Navy List, Conway Maritime Press, London 1993. ISBN 0-85177-617-5.
  • Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours. Vol. 1. Group Retozel-Maury Millau. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922. (1671–1870)
  • Winfield, Rif (2007). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714–1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth. ISBN 978-1844157006.
  • Winfield, Rif & Stephen S Roberts (2015) French Warships in the Age of Sail 1786 – 1861: Design Construction, Careers and Fates. (Seaforth Publishing). ISBN 9781848322042

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