Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad

Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad (also known as Muhammad Ahmad Nanautawi) (1862-1930) was an Indian Muslim scholar, who served as the Vice Chancellor of the Darul Uloom Deoband for thirty five years. He was the Grand Mufti of the Hyderabad State from 1922 to 1925.

Shamsul Ulama, Mawlana
Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad
8th Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband
In office
1895–1930
Preceded byMuhammad Munir Nanautavi
Succeeded byHabib al-Rahman
Grand Mufti of Hyderabad State
In office
1922–1925
Personal details
Born1862
Nanauta, British India
Died1930 (aged 67–68)
Nizamabad railway station, British India
ChildrenMuhammad Tayyib Qasmi
Parent
RelativesMuhammad Salim Qasmi (grandson), Muhammad Sufyan Qasmi (great grandson)

Biography

Ahmad was born in 1862 in Nanauta into the Siddiqi family; his father was Islamic scholar Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi.[1] He attended Madrasa Manba-ul-Ulum in Gulauthi and then Madrasa Shahi, Moradabad. He later returned to Darul Uloom Deoband where he studied with Mahmud Hasan Deobandi. He studied parts of the Jami` at-Tirmidhi with Muhammad Yaqub Nanautawi and specialized in hadith with Rashid Ahmad Gangohi.[2][3] He was a disciple of Imdadullah Muhajir Makki.[4]

At Darul Uloom Deoband, he taught Mishkat al-Masabih, Tafsir al-Jalalayn, Sahih Muslim, Sunan ibn Majah for ten years, and served as Vice Chancellor for 35 years.[5][3]

Ahmad was honored with the title of Shamsul Ulama by the British Government of India,[6][7] which he returned in 1920.[8] He also served Grand Mufti of Hyderabad State from 1922 to 1925.[9][8]

Students

Ahmad's students include Anwar Shah Kashmiri, Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, Ubaidullah Sindhi, Hussain Ahmad Madani, Kifayatullah Dehlawi, Sayyid Asghar Hussain Deobandi, Qari Muhammad Tayyib, Muhammad Shafi Deobandi, Manazir Ahsan Gilani and Syed Fakhruddin Ahmad.[10]

Death and legacy

Ahmad died in 1930 while travelling in a train near Nizamabad Junction railway station and was buried in a special graveyard Khitta-e-Salihin with the consent of Mir Osman Ali Khan.[lower-alpha 1][9][3] Ahmad's son Qari Muhammad Tayyib was Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband for fifty years.[5] Pakistani qari's Shakir Qasmi, Waheed Zafar Qasmi and Zahir Qasmi were his grandsons.[11]

See also

Notes
  1. Rizwi 1981 and Adrawi 2016 have stated his year of death as 1347 AH, but differed in calculating it. maintains the point that Ahmad was appointed VC of Darul Uloom Deoband in 1895, and he served the post for 35 years. Adding the two, makes the calculation go 1930. Metcalf 2012 states 1928 as death year.

References

Citations
  1. Gīlānī, Manāzir Ahsan. Sawānih Qāsmi [Biography of Qāsim] (in Urdu). Vol. 1. Deoband: Maktaba Darul Uloom Deoband. p. 113.
  2. Minault, Gail (1982). The Khilafat Movement: Religious Symbolism and Political Mobilization in India. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231050722. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  3. Syed Mehboob Rizwi. History of The Dar al-Ulum Deoband (Volume 2) (PDF). Translated by Prof. Murtaz Husain F. Quraishi (1981 ed.). Idara-e-Ehtemam, Dar al-Ulum Deoband. p. 37-38, 170-174. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  4. Muhammad Tayyib, Qari. Bukhari, Akbar Shah (ed.). 50 Misaali Shaksiyaat [50 Exemplar personalities] (in Urdu) (July 1999 ed.). Deoband: Maktaba Faiz-ul-Qur'an. p. 95.
  5. Ernst, Carl W.; Martin, Richard C. (27 November 2012). Rethinking Islamic Studies: From Orientalism to Cosmopolitanism. Univ of South Carolina Press. ISBN 9781611172317. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  6. Metcalf, Barbara (December 2012). Husain Ahmad Madani: The Jihad for Islam and India's Freedom. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 9781780742106.
  7. Deobandi, Syed Muhammad Miyan. "Differences between Hadhrat Shaikhul Hind and Mohtamims". Silk Letters Movement (PDF). Translated by Muhammadullah Qasmi. Darul Uloom Deoband: Shaikhul Hind Academy. pp. 70–71. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  8. Muhammad Miyan Deobandi. "Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad". Ulama-e-Haq awr Unke Mujahidana Kaarname (in Urdu). Vol. 1. Deoband: Faisal International. pp. 162–163.
  9. Adrawi 2016, p. 17.
  10. Muhammad Shakaib Qasmi; Muhammad Noushad Qasmi (27 August 2023). Aks-e-Ahmad (Biography of Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad) (in Urdu) (May 2014 ed.). Darul Uloom Waqf, Deoband: Hujjatul Islam Academy. pp. 71–95. ISBN 9788192944135.
  11. Aks-e-Ahmad (in Urdu). Darul Uloom Waqf: Hujjatul Islam Academy. May 2014. p. 464, 474. Retrieved 6 April 2023.

Bibliography
  • Rizwi, Syed Mehboob (1981). History of Dar al-Ulum Deoband. Vol. 2. Translated by Murtaz Hussain F Qureshi (1st ed.). Darul Uloom Deoband: Idara-e-Ehtemam.
  • Adrawi, Asir (April 2016). Karwān-e-Rafta: Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind [The Caravan of the Past: Discussing Indian scholars] (in Urdu) (2nd ed.). Deoband: Darul Muallifeen.
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