Harttia
Harttia is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America.
| Harttia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Loricariidae |
| Subfamily: | Loricariinae |
| Tribe: | Harttiini |
| Genus: | Harttia Steindachner, 1877 |
| Type species | |
| Harttia loricariformis Steindachner, 1877 | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The genus name comes from Charles Frederick Hartt (1840-1878), a geologist, paleontologist and naturalist, who collected the many specimens during the Thayer Expedition to Brazil in the years 1865-1866.[1]
Taxonomy
As of 1997, Harttia was considered a monophyletic taxon.[2] However, Harttia is in need of revision. For example, the synonymy of Cteniloricaria with Harttia was questionable because it rested solely on the characteristics of Harttia fowleri without considering the type species of Cteniloricaria.[3]
Species
There are currently 25 recognized species in this genus:[4][5]
- Harttia absaberi Oyakawa, Fichberg & Langeani, 2013[5]
- Harttia canastra Caldas, Cherobim & Langeani, 2022[6]
- Harttia carvalhoi P. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1939
- Harttia depressa Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
- Harttia dissidens Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
- Harttia duriventris Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
- Harttia fluminensis Covain & Fisch-Muller, 2012[7]
- Harttia fowleri (Pellegrin, 1908)
- Harttia garavelloi Oyakawa, 1993
- Harttia gracilis Oyakawa, 1993
- Harttia guianensis Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
- Harttia intermontana Oliveira & Oyakawa, 2019[8]
- Harttia kronei A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1908
- Harttia leiopleura Oyakawa, 1993
- Harttia longipinna Langeani, Oyakawa & Montoya-Burgos, 2001
- Harttia loricariformis Steindachner, 1877
- Harttia merevari Provenzano, Machado-Allison, Chernoff, Willink & Petry, 2005
- Harttia novalimensis Oyakawa, 1993
- Harttia punctata Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
- Harttia rhombocephala P. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1939
- Harttia surinamensis Boeseman, 1971
- Harttia torrenticola Oyakawa, 1993
- Harttia trombetensis Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
- Harttia tuna Covain & Fisch-Muller, 2012[7]
- Harttia uatumensis Rapp Py-Daniel & E. C. de Oliveira, 2001
Distribution and habitat
Distribution of Harttia species primarily includes rivers draining the Guyana Shield, coastal rivers in northeastern Brazil, and the Amazon River basin.[3] The greatest species diversity of Harttia, occurs in the Pre-Cambrian Brazilian Shield region.[2] Only H. platystoma and H. merevari are known from Venezuela.[9] These rheophilic fishes are found in the upper courses of rivers over rocky and sandy bottoms.[3] Harttia species are thought to be able to exploit areas with the strongest current, because of its extremely depressed body and long caudal peduncle, comparing to other species.[3]
Description
Sexual dimorphism includes hypertrophied odontodes on the pectoral fin spines and along the margins of the snout in mature males.[3]
Harttia exhibits considerable karyotypic diversity with chromosome numbers between 2n = 52 and 2n = 58 in the four species characterized.[3]
Ecology
Representatives of this genus seem to be open brooders.[3]
References
- Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (22 September 2018). "Order SILURIFORMES: Family LORICARIIDAE: Subfamilies LITHOGENINAE, HYPOPTOPOMINAE and LORICARIINAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
- Langeani, Francisco; Oyakawa, Osvaldo T.; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. (2001). Schaefer, S. A. (ed.). "New Species of Harttia (Loricariidae, Loricariinae) from the Rio São Francisco Basin". Copeia. 2001 (1): 136–142. doi:10.1643/0045-8511(2001)001[0136:NSOHLL]2.0.CO;2.
- Covain, Raphael; Fisch-Muller, Sonia (2007). "The genera of the Neotropical armored catfish subfamily Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a practical key and synopsis" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1462: 1–40. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1462.1.1.
- Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). Species of Harttia in FishBase. October 2013 version.
- Oyakawa, O.T., Fichberg, I. & Langeani, F. (2013): Harttia absaberi, a new species of loricariid catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil. Archived 2013-12-26 at the Wayback Machine Neotropical Ichthyology, 11 (4): 779-786.
- Caldas, L., Cherobim, A. M., & Langeani, F.. (2022). A new species of Harttia from the rio São Francisco basin (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 20(Neotrop. ichthyol., 2022 20(4)). doi:10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0051
- Covain, R., Fisch-Muller, S., Montoya-Burgos, J.I., Mol, J.H., Le Bail, P.Y. & Dray, S. (2012): The Harttiini (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Guianas: a multi-table approach to assess their diversity, evolution, and distribution.Cybium, 36 (1): 115-161.
- Oliveira, Jose & Oyakawa, Osvaldo. (2019). New loricariid fishes from headwaters on Serra da Mantiqueira and Complexo do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Zootaxa. 4586. 401. 10.11646/zootaxa.4586.3.1.
- Provenzano R., Francisco; Machado-Allison, Antonio; Chernoff, Barry; Willink, Phil; Petry, Paulo (2005). "Harttia merevari, a new species of catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Venezuela" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 3 (4): 519–524. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252005000400009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27.
External links
- Covain, Raphaël; Le Bail, Pierre-Yves; Fisch-Muller, Sonia (2006). "Les espèces du genre Harttia (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) en Guyane française: morphologie, taxinomie et distribution (French)" (PDF). Cybium. 30 (1): 3–18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-18.