Heckler & Koch MG5

The Heckler & Koch MG5 (in the development phase also known as the HK121) is a belt-fed 7.62×51mm NATO general-purpose machine gun manufactured by German firearm manufacturer Heckler & Koch. The MG5 resembles the 5.56×45mm NATO Heckler & Koch MG4 light machine gun, which was adopted into German military service in 2015.

For the MG5 car known in China as the Roewe i5, see MG 5.
Heckler & Koch MG5
Heckler & Koch MG5 general-purpose machine gun with Hensoldt ZO 4×30 Intermediate Range Targeting Optic of the Bundeswehr
TypeGeneral-purpose machine gun
Place of originGermany
Service history
In service2015–present
Used bySee Users
Production history
Designed2001–2018
ManufacturerHeckler & Koch
Unit cost16,000 EUR
Produced2010–present
VariantsSee Variants
Specifications
Cartridge7.62×51mm NATO
Caliber7.62 mm
ActionGas-operated, rotating bolt
Rate of fire640/720/800 rounds/min
Muzzle velocityMG 5 A1: 840 m/s (2,756 ft/s)
MG 5 & MG 5 S: 810 m/s (2,657 ft/s)
MG 5 A2: 785 m/s (2,575 ft/s)
Effective firing range100–1,000 m (109–1,094 yd) sight adjustments
Maximum firing range600–1,000 m (656–1,094 yd) (bipod)
1,200–1,500 m (1,312–1,640 yd) (tripod mounted)
3,750 m (4,101 yd) (terminal)
Feed systemDisintegrating DM60/M13 belt in 50-round Gurttrommel or 120-round in separate belt box or from stand-alone ammunition boxes
SightsDiopter sight[1] or optical sights

History

Work on the MG5 began, under the HK121 designation, shortly after the development of the MG4 light machine gun that Heckler & Koch initially presented as the HK MG43 at the MILIPOL 2001 trade show in Paris. A prototype of the HK121 was presented to a larger public by Heckler & Koch on the 14th day of the infantry in July 2010 in Hammelburg.

In June 2013, it was announced that Germany was testing and evaluating 65 samples and planned to buy at least 7,114 of the machine guns for the Bundeswehr during 2014–2017, in a deal that over time could grow to 12,733 HK5s.[2]

The MG5 overall, was designed to be modular and was intended to and started replacing the MG3 machine gun in German service since 2015. According to the Bundeswehr, the MG5 is more accurate than the MG3. The effective range on bipod is therefore greater. The MG5 reduced cyclic rate uses less ammunition and the user can adjust the stock to individual ergonomic preferences.[3] By 2022 the MG5 should replace the MG3 in Bundeswehr service.[4]

For the development and use of a special bolt for training cartridges the German Federal Government has allocated a budget of 7.3 million Euro.[5] The costs to integrate the MG5 in various tripod and weapon stations mountings in German use are estimated around 60 million Euro.[6]

Design details

Operating mechanism

The MG5 uses a long-stroke gas piston to cycle the conventional rotary bolt action. The design employs a number of concepts that have proven successful in other firearms. The locking mechanism, feed and trigger mechanisms are derived from the MG4 light machine gun. The MG5 fires from an open bolt.

Features

The MG5 is gas-operated and chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO. The weapon's operation is almost identical to that of the MG4 light machine gun. Unlike the stamped sheet metal receiver of MG4 light machine gun the receiver of the MG5 is made out of two steel receiver shell castings and a connection block that are connected by a patented process. The safety is ambidextrous, the butt stock is field adjustable for length of pull and features a user height adjustable cheek-piece and can be folded depending on the variant. It also features a visible and tactile loaded chamber indicator to alert its operator that there is a round present in line with the chamber. Three-position adjustment of the gas port allows selecting the cyclic rate of fire (640, 720 or 800 rounds per minute) and subsidiary can adjust the gas system for various types of cartridge loadings or use in the presence of heavy fouling. The gas port can be field adjusted by sliding the base of a 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge into machined slots to select one of the three possible settings. The MG5 features STANAG 4694 NATO Accessory Rails that are backwards-compatible with the STANAG 2324/MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rails allowing installation of optical sights and other accessories.[7][8]

Barrel

The quick-change cold hammered chrome-lined barrel is an integral part of the barrel assembly and has a heat shield and a carrying/barrel exchange handle, gas port and front sight attached. After around 300 rounds of rapid fire, the gun operator has to replace the hot barrel with a new cool(er) one. Non-observance of this technical limitation renders the barrel prematurely unusable. A hot barrel can be replaced with its carrying and barrel exchange handle without using protective gloves or other heat protection. The MG5 takes zero shifts between barrel assemblies into account by making the front sight of the assemblies mechanically adjustable.

Feeding
disintegrating metal M13 link belt (designated DM60 by Germany)

The MG5 uses M13 (designated DM60 by Germany) disintegrating belts for feeding ammunition from the left side. It can be fed with a Gurttrommel (belt drum) which contains a 50-round disintegrating belt and is fitted to the receiver on the left side. The Gurttrommel is not a true magazine but holds a curled 50-round belt preventing it from snagging, twisting and getting stuck during mobile assaults. Alternatively, the MG5 can be fed with 80-round cloth ammunition pouches or a Gurtkasten (belt box) containing 120 rounds and fitted to the left side of the receiver or from stand-alone ammunition boxes. The feeding system is based on the direct push-through of the cartridge out of the belt link into the gun's chamber. Feed is performed in two steps by a pawl-type feeding mechanism that continues to move the belt during both the rearward and forward cycles of the reciprocating bolt, producing a smooth belt flow. The ejection of empty M13 links is to the right side, and spent cartridge cases are ejected downwards through an ejection port located at the base of the receiver.

Sights

In its standard form, the MG5 is equipped with closed type iron sights with range settings on the receiver mounted compact rear sight element up to 1,000 m (1,094 yd) in 100 m (109 yd) increments. The folding self-illuminating front sight element is mounted on the barrel assembly and is adjustable mechanically for both windage and elevation. The sight line radius is 602 millimeters (23.7 in).
The MG5 was expressly designed to use various types of receiver mounted optical sights as its primary sighting option. Therefore achieving a negligible zero change in practical use between barrel assembly changes was a major design requirement that was not easily met. The originally agreed Bundeswehr zero change requirements were relaxed by the German government for which a corresponding price reduction was agreed upon. In single fire the mean point of impact may shift by a maximum of 3.44 MOA/10 mrad (previously 1.72 MOA/5 mrad) after a barrel change with a barrel of the same length. In burst fire the mean point of impact may shift by a maximum of 5.16 MOA/15 mrad (previously 3.44 MOA/10 mrad) after a barrel change with a barrel of the same length.[9]
Optical or night sights or laser pointers can be mounted on a length of STANAG 4694 NATO Accessory Rail located on the receiver feed tray cover. Bundeswehr models are generally equipped with Hensoldt ZO 4×30 Intermediate Range Targeting Optic combined with a red dot as optical day sights with 4× magnification to promote accuracy of fire.[10] The ZO 4×30 Intermediate Range Targeting Optic can be augmented by night-vision attachments.[11][12][13]

Safety

With the ambidextrous lever-type safety placed in the safe setting, the firing mechanism is disabled regardless of the position of the bolt and the arm can be cocked by the non-reciprocal T-shaped cocking handle with the safety engaged. The MG5 can be loaded with the bolt forward or cocked as the cam roller is spring-loaded, pushing down when the feed cover is closed and then automatically snapping up to properly engage and operate the feed camming track. When a cartridge is in line with the feedway and the cover is closed, an indicator tab is pushed upward on the cover, providing visual as well as tactile warning in low light conditions.

Bipod and tripod

For the light machine gun role a quick-detachable user adjustable folding bipod weighing 0.70 kg (1.54 lb) is provided. Alternatively a "Grip Pod", a type of vertical grip that has a deployable bipod inside the handle, can be mounted to increase mobility.

In a stationary, heavy machine gun role the MG5 can also be mounted on the MG3 Feldlafette buffered field tripod by using additional adapters.

The Bundeswehr use a RAL 8000 green brown surface finish on their MG5s and has chosen to use a 550 mm (21.7 in) barrel instead of a 663 mm (26.1 in) barrel for their mounted guns to promote parts uniformity.

Various side-folding and fixed polymer buttstocks are available as well as a folding fore end forward grip positioned under the gas tube.

Variants
Variant Overall length[A 1]
mm/in		 Barrel length
mm/in		 Height
mm/in		 Width
mm/in		 Weight[A 2]
kg/lb
MG5 (Universal) 1,160 mm (45.7 in) (960 mm (37.8 in)) 550 mm (21.7 in) 239 mm (9.4 in) 120 mm (4.7 in) 11.20 kg (24.7 lb) (3.00 kg (6.6 lb))
MG5 A2 (Infantry) 1,160 mm (45.7 in)[A 3] 460 mm (18.1 in) 285 mm (11.2 in) 9.90 kg (21.8 lb) (2.50 kg (5.5 lb))
MG5 A1 (Mounted) 1,055 mm (41.5 in)[A 3] 663 mm (26.1 in) 195 mm (7.7 in) 10.00 kg (22.0 lb) (3.24 kg (7.1 lb))
MG5 S (Special Forces) 1,012 mm (39.8 in)[A 3] 550 mm (21.7 in) 239 mm (9.4 in) 171 mm (6.7 in) 12.10 kg (26.7 lb) (3.00 kg (6.6 lb))
  1. Overall length: Stock unfolded (Stock folded)
  2. Weight: Weapon (Barrel assembly)
  3. Fixed stock

Users
German soldier on the right armed with an MG5
MG5 A1 armed FLW 100 remote weapon station mounted on a Bundeswehr ATF Dingo
Map with Heckler & Koch MG5 users in blue

See also

References
  1. Weisswange, Jan-Phillipp; u. a (April 2010). "Handwaffen, Kampfmittel und Ausrüstung für den infanteristischen Einsatz". Wehrtechnischer Report 4/2010 (in German). Bonn und Sulzbach: Report Verlag.
  2. "...will der Bund von 2014 an bis zum Jahr 2017 mindestens 7114 Gewehre des Typs MG5 im Wert von 118 Millionen Euro kaufen. ... Später kann die Order laut Rahmenvertrag sogar auf bis zu 12.733 Maschinengewehre in einem Gesamtwert von rund 240 Millionen Euro anwachsen."
    "Heckler & Koch-Gewehre für die Bundeswehr" Wiwo.de. Retrieved 2013-07-27.
  3. Video: Das MG5 – das neue Maschinengewehr der Bundeswehr (in German)
  4. MG5 soll bis 2022 das betagte MG3 ersetzen (in German)
  5. Deutscher Bundestag Drucksache 18/6491: Beschaffung der Gewehre MG5 und G27 at the Wayback Machine (archived March 20, 2018) (online-PDF 829 KB) (in German)
  6. Lafetten fürs neue Maschinengewehr: Noch ein bisschen teurer (in German)
  7. "MG5 – Bundeswehr erhält zusätzliche Maschinengewehre". Soldat und Technik (in German). 25 March 2021. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  8. "Heckler & Koch MG5 machine gun on the way for the German Army". Soldat und Technik. 7 March 2021. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  9. H&K MG5 Accuracy Req’t Doubled to Allow Guns’ Acceptance, Says Parliament Doc. The Firearms Blog, 2015-11-15.
  10. Maschinengewehr MG5, www.deutschesheer.de (in German)
  11. 4×30 Intermediate Range Targeting Optic
  12. 4×30 / 4×30i Targeting optics
  13. "Zeiss ZO 4x30i Combat Gunsight: A SHOT Show Optic Preview". The Firearms Blog, 2012-02-12.
  14. "Modernizimi i Forcave tё Armatosura". Ministria e Mbrojtjes (in Albanian).
  15. García, Nicolás (1 July 2017). "The Chilean Marine Infantry exhibits its most modern rifles and machine guns in Concón". Infodefensa.com. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  16. Dan, Alex (7 August 2020). "Heckler & Koch MG5 (HK121) General Purpose Machine Gun (GPMG)". Military Factory (Infantry / Small Arms). Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  17. Karin Zeger (15 July 2013). "Heckler & Koch: Großauftrag für Bundeswehr". Schwarzwälder Bote (in German). Retrieved 20 July 2013.
  18. "H&K Troubles Continue: MG5 Under Scrutiny By German MoD". The Firearms Blog, 2015-06-10.
  19. "BREAKING: Delays Beset German MG5 Program, 7.62mm GPMG May Lack Accuracy". The Firearms Blog, 2015-09-09.
  20. "Neues Maschinengewehr MG5: 4.400 Stück an die Truppe ausgeliefert – Augen geradeaus!". augengeradeaus.net. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  21. "Mediathek". www.bundeswehr.de (in German). Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  22. Deutscher Bundestag Drucksache 19/8109: Berichte über Materialmangel bei der Bundespolizei at the Wayback Machine (archived 20 March 2018) (online-PDF 829 KB) (in German)
  23. "Fernbedienbare leichte Waffenstationen für die Bundespolizei". ESUT - Europäische Sicherheit & Technik (in German). 1 November 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  24. "German Federal Police to install 7,62 mm Machine Guns in vehicles". The Firearm Blog. 9 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  25. "Heckler & Koch mit der Lieferung von MG5 für die Bundeswehr beauftragt". Soldat und Technik (in German). 15 June 2021. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  26. "Penyempurnaan Mounting "AGAS" Senjata Mesin Ringan Multiguna Satkopaska Koarmada III". www.tnial.mil.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  27. "G-28 & MG-5 NA UNIDADE DE PROTEÇÃO DA FORÇA (I) | Operacional" (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 17 January 2021.
  28. "El Mando de Operaciones Especiales selecciona la MG-5 como nueva ametralladora media" (in Spanish).
  29. "War in Ukraine: Military support for Ukraine". Die Bundesregierung. 9 August 2023. Section: "Combat Readiness and Survivability". Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
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