Hippotherium

Hippotherium is an extinct genus of horse that lived in during the Miocene through Pliocene ~13.65—6.7 Mya, existing for 6.95 million years.

This article is about the first equine. For the artiodactyl, see Hippopotamus.

Hippotherium
Temporal range: Middle to Late Miocene
Skeleton of Hippotherium primigenium, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: Equidae
Subfamily: Equinae
Tribe: †Hipparionini
Genus: †Hippotherium
Kaup, 1832
Species
  • H. primigenius (von Meyer, 1829) (type species)
  • H. weihoense (Liu et al. 1978)
  • H. koenigswaldi (Sondaar, 1961)
  • H. catalaunicum (Perlot, 1956)

The last known surviving Hippotherium was H. malpassii, found in Italy.[1]

Species
Jaw and teeth
Metapodial
Skull
Skeleton of H. primigenius

The type species, H. primigenius, is known from Miocene deposits in Europe and the Middle East, while the species H. koenigswaldi and H. catalaunicum have been found in Miocene deposits in Spain. The Asian hipparionin "Hipparion" weihoense from early Late Miocene deposits in northern China has also been referred to the genus.[2]

Fossil distribution
  • Doue-la-Fontaine France estimated age: ~13.65—7.25 Mya.
  • Lower Bakhtiari Formation, northern Iraq, estimated age: ~11.6—9.0 Mya.
  • Kurtchuk-Tchekmedje, Turkey estimated age: ~11.61—5.33 Mya.

References
  1. Bernor, Raymond L.; Kaya, Ferhat; Kaakinen, Anu; Saarinen, Juha; Fortelius, Mikael (2021). "Old world hipparion evolution, biogeography, climatology and ecology". Earth-Science Reviews. 221. Bibcode:2021ESRv..22103784B. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103784. hdl:10138/335765. S2CID 239657555.
  2. Raymond L. Bernor; Shiqi Wang; Yan Liu; Yu Chen; Boyang Sun (2018). "Shanxihippus dermatorhinus comb. nov. with comparisons to old world hipparions with specialized nasal apparati". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 124 (2): 361–386. doi:10.13130/2039-4942/10202.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.