Apalachee language

Apalachee was a Muskogean language of Florida. It was closely related to Koasati and Alabama.[1]

Apalachee
Native toUnited States
RegionFlorida
EthnicityApalachee
Extinctearly 18th century
Muskogean
  • Eastern
    • Apalachee
Language codes
ISO 639-3xap
xap
Glottologapal1237

The language is known primarily from one document, a letter written in 1688 to Charles II of Spain. Geoffrey Kimball has produced a grammatical sketch[2] and a vocabulary of the language[3] based on the contents of the letter.

Apalachee was found to belong to the same branch of the Muskogean family as Koasati, Alabama, and Hitchiti.[4]

Phonology

Consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n
Plosive plain p t tʃ k ⟨c, g⟩
voiced b
Fricative plain f s h
lateral ɬ ⟨lz⟩
Approximant w ⟨gu, w⟩ l j ⟨y⟩

Orthography is only shown where it differs from the IPA.

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i
Close-mid o
Open a

Vowels may also be elongated.

References
  1. Broadwell, George A. (1992). Reconstructing Proto-Muskogean Language and Prehistory: Preliminary results. 3, en. 2. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.72.4700.
  2. Kimball, Geoffrey (April 1987). "A Grammatical Sketch of Apalachee". International Journal of American Linguistics. University of Chicago Press. 53 (2): 136–174. doi:10.1086/466050. JSTOR 1265142.
  3. Kimball, Geoffrey (October 1988). "An Apalachee Vocabulary". International Journal of American Linguistics. University of Chicago Press. 54 (4): 387–398. doi:10.1086/466093. JSTOR 1265100.
  4. Haas, Mary R. (April 1949). "The Position of Apalachee in the Muskogean Family". International Journal of American Linguistics. University of Chicago Press. 15 (2): 121–127. doi:10.1086/464031.
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