Immigration Department of Malaysia

In the early years before World War II, the Immigration Department conducted surveillance and inspection work involving the inspection of travellers and travel documents at entry points.

Immigration matters were administered by a Senior Officer of the Malayan Civil Service who bore the title of "Immigration Officer of the Straits Settlement and Federated Malay States". He was assisted by the Deputy Immigration Officer, who was actually a police officer, temporarily seconded to the post. They were based in Penang which was the main entry point into Malaya. Other entry points were Changloon, Padang Besar, Kroh and Port Swettenham. The administrative centre was based in Singapore.

After World War II, the Immigration Department was known as The Refugees and Disposal Persons Bureau which was based in Kuala Lumpur and led by a British Military Administration Officer. Its main role was to bring people stranded in other countries due to World War II back to Malaysia.

The first immigration law was the Passenger Restriction Ordinance 1922, which was enforced on 21 July 1922 to regulate entries into this country. In 1930, the Aliens Immigration Restriction Ordinance was enacted to regulate the arrivals and to monitor the labourers especially those from China where the quota system was used. A review of the law was done as a step to increase the control. The Aliens Ordinance 1932 took effect on 1 April 1933.

A treaty on the formation of Federated Malay States and the Declaration of Emergency in 1948 led to a better Immigration and Passport Law which comprises the following:

• The Emergency (Travel Restriction) Regulation 1948
• The Passport Ordinance 1949
• The Passport Regulations 1949
• The Emergency (Entry By Land From Thailand) Regulations 1949

The immigration laws used during the State of Emergency were replaced by The Immigration Ordinance 1952. It became the main immigration law used to regulate and monitor the entries of all British nationals, people under the British colony and 'aliens' to the Federated Malay States. The law was also enforced in Singapore.

The Immigration Department was then placed under the administration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Besides being responsible for the control of entry, the Immigration Department was also responsible for the:

• Issuing of passports at the passport issuing offices in Singapore, Penang, Residents' Offices and the office of the British advisor
• Issuance of visas and citizenship applications for Commonwealth countries on behalf of the British government

After independence, The Immigration Ordinance 1959, The Immigration Regulations 1959 and The Passport Ordinance 1960 were introduced to replace The Immigration Ordinance 1949. These laws provided greater power for regulating the entry of foreigners and visitors into the Federated Malay States.

The formation of Malaysia in 1963 had extended the immigration requirements to the states of Sabah and Sarawak. The Immigration (Transitional Provisions) Act 1963 was enacted to protect the interests of both States. Apart from regulating and controlling the entry and exit of non citizens, the Sabah and Sarawak's immigration office also controlled the entry of Malaysian citizens originating from Peninsular Malaysia (West Malaysia).

In 1964, the management of immigration matters was placed under the Ministry of Home Affairs. The administration was handed over to a Malaysian. Mr. Ibrahim bin Ali was appointed as the first National Immigration Controller. The appointment took place on 1 January 1967. Starting from 13 April 1965, the immigration head office was located at Jalan Tugu, Kuala Lumpur.

On 1 December 1971, immigration administrative matters of the Malay States came under the Malaysian Immigration Headquarters. The immigration laws enforced at that time were reviewed and in 1974, a special provision for the states of Sabah and Sarawak was included. The Immigration Act 1959/63 (Act No. 155) and the Passport Act 1966 (Act No. 150) were used nationwide. These Acts were revised and amended from time to time according to the current situation and need. The title, Immigration Controller was replaced with the Director General of Immigration in 1969.

Since its establishment in 1947, the Headquarters of the Immigration Department of Malaysia was in Penang. On 13 April 1965, the Immigration Headquarters was transferred to Jalan Tugu, Kuala Lumpur. In January 1981, the office moved to BUKOTA Building, Jalan Pantai Baharu, Kuala Lumpur, before moving to Pusat Bandar Damansara, Kuala Lumpur in 1988. Now, the headquarters of the Immigration Department of Malaysia are located at Putrajaya. The move of premises started in September 2004 and it was done in stages to ensure that the quality of services to the public was maintained.

Since the 1960s, immigration officials use white uniform and dark blue uniform color. In early 2013 a new color uniform immigration officers have been converted to black overall. Features new uniforms are black beret, badge over the left shoulder and right, tags and badges on the chest to the right service. They have also introduced digital uniforms for enforcement duties and tasks in the immigration detention centre. The need to change uniforms was deemed necessary as the previous white and dark blue uniforms have remained in service since the 1960s. In addition, the application ranks were changed to avoid confusion with the ranks of other agencies.

Hiatt speedcuffs, T-baton, LED flashlight, riot shields, helmets and walkie-talkies are supplied to the officer when on duty to enforce immigration law. The need for better weapons is necessary to ensure the safety of officers during the operation and control of detainees in immigration detention.

The Department of Immigration bear firearms, but not all immigration officers are supplied with them. Immigration officers are licensed by the particular State Immigration Director to carry firearms in the possession of immigration like the standard issued ones:

Model	Image	Variants	Calibre	Origin	Notes	References
Pistols
Heckler & Koch USP		H&K USP Compact	9x19mm Parabellum	Germany
Smith & Wesson Model 15			.38 Special	USA
Vektor SP1			9x19mm Parabellum	South Africa
Shotguns
Franchi SPAS-12			12 gauge	Italy
Mossberg 500			12 gauge	USA
Remington 870			12 gauge	USA

Reported that Immigration only have 190 of them carry firearms, compare to their 14,000 personnel. Immigration officers also not supplied with rifles, SMGs and carbines. There is no indication that immigration will use better weapons with better firepower such as those used by Royal Malaysia Police, Malaysia Anti Corruption Commission, Royal Malaysian Customs or Malaysian Prison Department. However, as of 2014 the need for superior weapons and better equipment were planned.

Non-citizens who are considered to have committed offences are held in immigration detention facilities, located in every state in Malaysia, to further investigation and repatriation to the country of origin. Such centres are well known for overcrowding, dilapidated buildings and human rights violations. Immigration officers working in detention centres receive training tactics and techniques to control prisoners, unarmed combat, training T-baton and so by certified trainers from within and outside the department. The Immigration Department has also set up a special anti-riot team known as the "Pasukan Kawalan Khas".MESBEH AR686139

Immigration Department introduced the Special Control Team (Malay: Pasukan Kawalan Khas), which was created to address the threat situation, prisoner riots and the accompanying department officials and other VIPs. It is an elite team and first trained immigration training modules of the Federal Reserve Unit (FRU) of the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP). Students who practiced the team is divided into two, namely Prevent Riots and Close Quarter Battle (CQB) skills, martial arts and unarmed combat situations or dangerous and high-risk operations. The team is undergoing training under the supervision of teaching staff made up of a mix of professional trainers commissioned from abroad, a former police trainer and former FRU trainers. The team who received the anti-riot training and the skills to use the T-baton, handcuffs and spray tear from qualified experts concerned. The team is equipped with digital uniform and gun last for setting up of any unexpected situations occur. The Bravo platoon was assigned as teams Tandem control involving dignitaries who faced a high-risk situation either from the department or the department yet. For example, the service is required to accompany the team superiors and operations department following the terrorist attack is likely.

• Gerak Khas season 18 (2018) cooperation with Skop Production and Royal Malaysia Police which one of the episodes about operation against Human trafficking and murder Immigration officer

• Official website