2014 Indonesian legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2014 to elect 136 members of the Regional Representative Council (DPD), 560 members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and members of regional assemblies at the provincial and regency/municipality level.[1] For eligible voters residing outside Indonesia, elections were held on 5 or 6 April 2014 based on the decision of the electoral commission of each different countries.
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All 560 seats in the People's Representative Council 281 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 75.11% ( 4.12pp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| This article is part of a series on the |
| Politics of Indonesia |
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Seats up for election
| Level | Institution | Seats contested |
|---|---|---|
| National | People's Representative Council Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) |
560 |
| National | Regional Representative Council Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) |
132 |
| Province Provinsi |
People's Regional Representative Council Level I Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah I (DPRD I) |
2,112 |
| Regency Kabupaten/Kota |
People's Regional Representative Council Level II Dewan Perwakilian Rakyat Daerah II (DPRD II) |
16,895 |
| Total | 19,699 |
Parties contesting the elections
A total of 46 parties registered to take part in the election nationwide, from which only 12 parties (plus 3 Aceh parties) passed the requirements set by the General Elections Commission (KPU). To contest the elections, all parties had to have
- A branch office and branch in every province
- A branch office and branch in at least 75% of the regencies or municipalities in every province
- A branch (but not necessarily a permanent office) in at least 50% of the districts in every regency or municipality
- At least 1,000 registered members
In addition, at least one-third of each party's candidates had to be female.[2]
Initially, all parties with seats in the DPR were to be allowed to contest the election without the need for verification, but on 29 August 2012, Indonesia's Constitutional Court overturned this provision, obliging all parties to undergo the process.[3]
The results were instrumental to the presidential election in July. The requirement for a presidential ticket had to be supported by a party or a coalition of parties winning at least 20% of the seats or 25% of the popular votes in the legislative election.
The 12 national and three Aceh parties together with their ballot numbers were:
- National Democratic Party (Partai Nasional Demokrat, Nasdem)
- National Awakening Party (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa, PKB)
- Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, PKS)
- Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI–P)
- Golkar Party (Partai Golongan Karya)
- Great Indonesia Movement Party (Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya, Gerindra)
- Democratic Party (Partai Demokrat, PD)
- National Mandate Party (Partai Amanat Nasional, PAN)
- United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, PPP)
- People's Conscience Party (Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat, Hanura)
- Aceh Peace Party (Partai Damai Aceh, PDA)
- Aceh National Party (Partai Nasional Aceh, PNA)
- Aceh Party (Partai Aceh, PA)
- Crescent Star Party (Partai Bulan Bintang, PBB)
- Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (Partai Keadilan dan Persatuan Indonesia, PKPI)
Election schedule
The schedule for the elections, as determined by the Indonesian General Elections Commission is as follows:[4]
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 9 August 2012 | Voter registration begins |
| 9–15 April 2013 | Registration of candidates for the DPR, DPD and DPRD |
| 4 August 2013 | Publication of final list of DPR candidates |
| 16 August 2013 | Publication of provisional electoral roll |
| 16 March 2014 | Start of election campaign |
| 6–8 April 2014 | Quiet period - no campaigning allowed |
| 9 April 2014 | Election day |
| 7–9 May 2014 | Announcement of results |
| 11–17 May 2014 | Announcement of seat allocations |
| 1 October 2014 | DPR and DPD members sworn in |
Electoral system
On polling day, voters were given four ballot papers, one each for the national People's Representative Council (DPR) and Regional Representative Council (DPD) and one each for their local provincial and regency/municipality Regional Representative Councils (DPRD I and DPRD II). Candidates for the DPR and DPRDI/II stand on a party platform. The ballot papers had a section for each of the parties with the party number and symbol. Under the symbols, that parties candidates were listed. Voters could vote for just the party, or one of the candidates (or both) by punching a hole in the ballot paper with the tool provided. Candidates for the DPD stood on an individual basis, so voters need to punch a hole in the candidate's picture, ballot number or name.[5]
Allocation of seats
For the DPR election, each province was divided into between one and eleven electoral districts depending on population. Each of these electoral districts elected between three and ten members by proportional representation with a 3.5% national threshold.[5]
| Province | DPR seats | Electoral districts |
|---|---|---|
| Aceh | 13 | 2 |
| North Sumatra | 30 | 3 |
| West Sumatra | 14 | 2 |
| Riau | 11 | 2 |
| Riau Islands | 3 | 1 |
| Jambi | 7 | 1 |
| South Sumatra | 17 | 2 |
| Bangka–Belitung Islands | 3 | 1 |
| Bengkulu | 4 | 1 |
| Lampung | 18 | 2 |
| Jakarta | 21 | 3 |
| West Java | 91 | 11 |
| Banten | 22 | 3 |
| Central Java | 77 | 10 |
| Yogyakarta | 8 | 1 |
| East Java | 87 | 11 |
| Bali | 9 | 1 |
| West Nusa Tenggara | 10 | 1 |
| East Nusa Tenggara | 13 | 2 |
| West Kalimantan | 10 | 1 |
| Central Kalimantan | 6 | 1 |
| South Kalimantan | 11 | 2 |
| East Kalimantan | 8 | 1 |
| North Sulawesi | 6 | 1 |
| Gorontalo | 3 | 1 |
| Central Sulawesi | 6 | 1 |
| South Sulawesi | 24 | 3 |
| Southeast Sulawesi | 5 | 1 |
| West Sulawesi | 3 | 1 |
| Maluku | 4 | 1 |
| North Maluku | 3 | 1 |
| Papua | 10 | 1 |
| West Papua | 3 | 1 |
| Total | 560 | 77 |
Once the votes were counted, the General Elections Commission eliminated any party that had failed to obtain a 3.5% share of the national vote. It then allocated seats in the DPR via a two-stage process. First, the number of votes to secure one DPR seat in each electoral district was calculated by dividing the number of valid votes by the number of seats to be elected in each district. Each party's vote in each district was divided by this amount to determine the number of seats won outright. Any party with less than this amount won no seats in this first stage. The remaining votes were then used to determine which party won any seats so far unallocated by awarding these seats to the parties with the largest remainders until all seats were allocated.[2]
For the DPD, each province returns four members regardless of size and population. The candidates for DPD stood independently. Voters were given one and only one vote. The system used is the Single Non-Transferable Vote.
Only parties with at least 25% of the popular vote or that control 20% of seats in the DPR were able to nominate candidates for the presidential election. Parties that did not achieve this percentage had to form a coalition with other parties to make up the required percentage share to nominate a candidate.[6]
Opinion polls
Numerous opinion polls have been done by many different pollsters to gauge the voting intention of the electorate. However, many of them are regarded to be unreliable.[7] The quality of polling in Indonesia varies considerably. Further, some of the polling institutions provide little information about their polling methods. Therefore, the data set out below should be treated with care.
| Poll source |
Date(s) administered | Sample size | Demokrat |
Golkar |
PDI-P |
PKS |
PAN |
PPP |
PKB |
Gerindra |
Hanura |
Nasdem |
PBB |
PKPI |
Und. |
Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 election | 9 April 2009 | 104,048,118 | 20.85% | 14.45% | 14.03% | 7.88% | 6.01% | 5.32% | 4.94% | 4.46% | 3.77% | – | 1.79% | 0.90% | 15.60% | 6.40% |
| LSI (Lingkaran) | 1–8 March 2013 | 1,200 | 11.7% | 22.2% | 18.8% | 3.7% | 4.0% | 4.0% | 4.5% | 7.3% | 2.6% | 4.5% | – | – | 16.7% | 3.4% |
| LSN | 26 February–15 March 2013 | 1,230 | 4.3% | 19.2% | 20.5% | 4.6% | 4.1% | 3.4% | 4.1% | 11.9% | 6.2% | 5.3% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 15.8% | 1.3% |
| LKP | 20–30 March 2013 | 1,225 | 7.8% | 19.2% | 18.8% | 5.1% | 4.6% | 3.9% | 4.4% | 10.5% | 8.1% | 6.3% | 0.9% | 0.3% | 10.1% | 0.4% |
| LSN | 1–10 May 2013 | 1,230 | 6.1% | 19.7% | 18.3% | 3.8% | 3.8% | 4.3% | 4.6% | 13.9% | 6.9% | 4.8% | 1.4% | 0.05% | 11.9% | 1.4% |
| LIPI | 10–31 May 2013 | 1,799 | 11.1% | 14.5% | 14.9% | 2.6% | 2.5% | 2.9% | 5.6% | 7.4% | 1.9% | 2.2% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 31.1% | 0.4% |
| IRC | May 2013 | - | 7.5% | 12.2% | 14.7% | 2.8% | 2.8% | 2.4% | 2.8% | 11.1% | 4.0% | 4.5% | 0.4% | 0.3% | - | 3.6% |
| PDB | 11–18 June 2013 | 1,200 | 9.4% | 14.1% | 14.53% | 1.2% | 2.56% | 2.31% | 2.56% | 8.89% | 1.03% | 3.33% | 0.34% | 0.09% | 21.11% | 0.43% |
| IRC | 8–11 July 2013 | 794 | 7.66% | 7.00% | 17.96% | 3.30% | 1.45% | 0.9% | 1.19% | 6.61% | 5.95% | 2.11% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 44.1% | 10.30% |
| Kompas | July 2013 | 1,400 | 10.1% | 16.0% | 23.6% | 2.20% | 2.5% | 4.2% | 5.7% | 13.6% | 2.7% | 4.1% | – | – | 13.4% | 7.6% |
| Alvara | 15–23 August 2013 | 1,532 | 7.4% | 8.4% | 14.8% | 3.4% | 2.1% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 12.5% | 3.8% | 4.6% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 39.0% | 2.3% |
| SSSG | 25 August–9 September 2013 | 1,250 | 10.3% | 5.0% | 13.6% | 2.9% | 2.7% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 5.6% | 2.2% | 1.9% | 0.9% | 0.1% | – | 3.3% |
| LSI (Lingkaran) | 12 September–5 October 2013 | 1,200 | 9.8% | 20.4% | 18.7% | 4.4% | 5.2% | 4.6% | 4.6% | 6.6% | 3.4% | 2.0% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 19.4% | 1.7% |
| Pol-Tracking Institute | 13 September–11 October 2013 | 2,010 | 8.8% | 16.9% | 18.5% | 2.9% | 2.0% | 3.4% | 4.6% | 6.6% | 3.5% | 2.1% | 0.7% | 0.1% | - | 2.4% |
| Indikator | 10–20 October 2013 | 1,200 (400) | 9.2% | 17.5% | 21.6% | 3.1% | 1.2% | 4.7% | 4.5% | 9.1% | 4.1% | 3.7% | 0.9% | 0% | 20.3% | 4.1% |
| Indikator (if Joko Widodo runs) | 8.8% | 16.9% | 37.8% | 0.6% | 2.5% | 3.6% | 2.5% | 6.6% | 3.5% | 1.4% | 0.3% | 0% | 21.1% | 20.9% | ||
| Morgan | October 2013 | 2,985 | 15% | 21% | 24% | 5% | 5% | 2% | 7% | 12% | 5% | 2% | 1% | – | 1% | 3% |
| Morgan | November 2013 | 2,960 | 14% | 21% | 29% | 5% | 5% | 2% | 5% | 12% | 5% | 2% | 0% | – | – | 8% |
| Charta Politika | 28 November–6 December 2013 | 2,010 | 7.4% | 12.6% | 15.8% | 3.8% | 4.4% | 3.8% | 5.9% | 7.8% | 4.1% | 3.9% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 29.7% | 3.2% |
| Indo Barometer | 4–15 December 2013 | 1,200 | 5.4% | 14.2% | 28.8% | 2.5% | 4.2% | 2.1% | 7.1% | 9.2% | 2.5% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 22.9 | 14.6% |
| Pol-Tracking Institute | 16–23 December 2013 | 1,200 | 7.92% | 15.93% | 22.44% | 3.00% | 2.67% | 4.50% | 4.59% | 8.67% | 4.25% | 2.50% | 0.25% | 0.00% | 23.27% | 6.49% |
| Kompas | December 2013 | 1,380-1,400 | 7.2% | 16.5% | 21.8% | 2.3% | 3.2% | 2.4% | 5.1% | 11.1% | 6.6% | 6.9% | 1.1% | 0.1% | 6.7% | 5.3% |
| Morgan | December 2013 | 2,144 | 14% | 20% | 26% | 4% | 5% | 2% | 6% | 12% | 6% | 3% | 1% | – | 1% | 6% |
| LSI (Lingkaran) | 6–16 January 2014 | 1,200 | 4.7% | 18.3% | 18.2% | 2.2% | 3.3% | 3.6% | 3.7% | 8.7% | 4.0% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 30.1% | 0.1% |
| LSJ | 12–26 January 2014 | 1,240 | 6.12% | 17.74% | 19.83% | 3.87% | 4.51% | 4.83% | 4.67% | 12.58% | 6.85% | 6.94% | 1.20% | 0.24% | 10.62% | 2.09% |
| Morgan | January 2014 | 3,000 | 11% | 20% | 27% | 4% | 5% | 2% | 7% | 14% | 6% | 2% | 1% | – | 1% | 7% |
| Median | 28 January–15 February 2014 | 1,500 | 5.7% | 17.8% | 21.4% | 5.1% | 3.5% | 4.9% | 5.0% | 6.2% | 4.8% | 3.6% | 1.1% | 0.1% | 20.8% | 3.6% |
| Morgan | February 2014 | 2,934 | 10% | 20% | 29% | 4% | 4% | 2% | 6% | 15% | 7% | 2% | 1% | – | – | 9% |
| LKP | 26 February–4 March 2014 | 1,240 | 6.7% | 18.1% | 21.8% | 3.7% | 3.3% | 3.5% | 5.7% | 11.1% | 11.3% | 3.1% | 1.1% | 0.3% | 10.3% | 3.7% |
| Charta Politika | 1–8 March 2014 | 1,200 | 8.0% | 16.4% | 21.2% | 3.2% | 4.5% | 5.1% | 7.2% | 12.0% | 4.8% | 2.6% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 14.5% | 4.8% |
| Morgan | 1–15 March 2014 | 2,300 | 11% | 22% | 27% | 4% | 4% | 3% | 3% | 17% | 6% | 2% | 1% | – | – | 5% |
| Morgan | 16–30 March 2014 | 1,965 | 10% | 17% | 37% | 4% | 4% | 2% | 3% | 14% | 6% | 3% | – | – | – | 20% |
| JSI | 24–30 March 2014 | 1,200 | 9.0% | 18.0% | 24.7% | 4.3% | 6.5% | 5.4% | 7.9% | 11.8% | 6.1% | 4.4% | 0.9% | 0.9% | – | 6.7% |
| Election results | 9 April 2014 | 124,972,491 | 10.19% | 14.75% | 18.95% | 6.79% | 7.59% | 6.53% | 9.04% | 11.81% | 5.26% | 6.72% | 1.46% | 0.91% | – | 4.20% |
Results
Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle won the highest vote share, with 18.95% of votes, followed by Golkar with 14.75%and the Great Indonesia Movement Party with 11.81%. However, none of the parties were able to nominate their own presidential candidate for the 2014 Indonesian presidential election because none of them reached the 20% electoral threshold.
| Party | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle | 23,681,233 | 18.95 | +4.92 | 109 | +15 | |
| Golkar | 18,432,216 | 14.75 | +0.30 | 91 | –15 | |
| Great Indonesia Movement Party | 14,760,090 | 11.81 | +7.35 | 73 | +47 | |
| Democratic Party | 12,728,950 | 10.18 | –10.66 | 61 | –87 | |
| National Mandate Party | 9,481,395 | 7.59 | +1.58 | 49 | +3 | |
| National Awakening Party | 11,299,017 | 9.04 | +4.10 | 47 | +19 | |
| Prosperous Justice Party | 8,480,158 | 6.79 | –1.09 | 40 | –17 | |
| United Development Party | 8,157,522 | 6.53 | +1.21 | 39 | +1 | |
| Nasdem Party | 8,402,894 | 6.72 | New | 35 | New | |
| People's Conscience Party | 6,590,804 | 5.27 | +1.49 | 16 | –1 | |
| Crescent Star Party | 1,826,057 | 1.46 | –0.33 | 0 | 0 | |
| Indonesian Justice and Unity Party | 1,143,138 | 0.91 | +0.01 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 124,983,474 | 100.00 | – | 560 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 124,983,474 | 89.26 | ||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 15,033,341 | 10.74 | ||||
| Total votes | 140,016,815 | 100.00 | ||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 187,866,698 | 74.53 | ||||
| Source: KPU Buku Data & Infografik Pemilu Anggota DPR RI & DPD RI 2014 pp27,31-32 | ||||||
By province
| Province | Total seats |
Seats won | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PDI–P | Golkar | Gerindra | PD | PAN | PKB | PKS | PPP | Nasdem | Hanura | ||
| Aceh | 13 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| North Sumatra | 30 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| West Sumatra | 14 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Riau | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jambi | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| South Sumatra | 17 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Bengkulu | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Lampung | 18 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Bangka Belitung Islands | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Riau Islands | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Jakarta | 21 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| West Java | 91 | 18 | 17 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 11 | 7 | 1 | 4 |
| Central Java | 77 | 18 | 11 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 0 |
| Yogyakarta | 8 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| East Java | 87 | 17 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 7 | 15 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 2 |
| Banten | 22 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| Bali | 9 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| West Nusa Tenggara | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| East Nusa Tenggara | 13 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| West Kalimantan | 10 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Kalimantan | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| South Kalimantan | 11 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| East Kalimantan | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| North Sulawesi | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Central Sulawesi | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| South Sulawesi | 24 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Southeast Sulawesi | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Gorontalo | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| West Sulawesi | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Maluku | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| North Maluku | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Papua | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| West Papua | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 560 | 109 | 91 | 73 | 61 | 49 | 47 | 40 | 39 | 35 | 16 |
| Source: Kompas.com | |||||||||||
Gallery
Polling station for overseas Indonesians in Tainan, Taiwan
Voters examining the list of legislative candidates
An election official holding up a ballot paper during the vote count
Counting underway in a polling station in Bali
References
- KPU (General Elections Commission) (8 June 2012). "Launching Tahapan Pemilu, KPU Tetapkan Pemungutan Suara: 9 April 2014 (Launching of the Election Stages, KPU Sets Voting Day: 9 April 2014)" (in Indonesian). KPU Media Center. Archived from the original on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
- Vikram Nehru; Nadia Bulkin (2014). "How Indonesia's 2014 Elections Will Work". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
- "46 political parties meet deadline to register for 2014 elections". The Jakarta Post. 8 September 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
- Tahapan Pemuilu (Election Stages) (PDF) (in Indonesian), Komisi Pemilihan Umum (General Elections Commission), archived from the original (PDF) on 15 April 2014, retrieved 24 March 2014
- General Elections Commission (Indonesia) (6 April 2014), "Coblos Pilihanmu!!! (Punch your choice!!!)", Kompas, Jakarta, pp. A–D
- "Ruling stymies Prabowo's bid". The Jakarta Post. 25 January 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
- "Ratusan Lembaga Survei Tidak Terpercaya" (in Indonesian). Kompas. March 12, 2014. Archived from the original on March 16, 2014. Retrieved March 13, 2014.