Ingush okrug

Ingush okrug[lower-alpha 1] was a district (okrug) of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Ingushskiy okrug made up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia.

Ingush okrug
Ингушевскiй округъ
Location in the Terek Oblast in green
Location in the Terek Oblast in green
CountryRussian Empire
ViceroyaltyCaucasus
OblastTerek
Established1862
Abolished1871
CapitalVladikavkaz
Area
  Total1,526.14 km2 (589.25 sq mi)
Population
 (1870)
  Total32 315
  Rural
100.00%

Established in 1862 as a military district of the Terek Oblast, it existed for approximately 9 years. In 1865 the Karabulakskiy Uchastok was abolished due to the resettlement of the majority of its population (Karabulaks). In 1867, two societies, Merzhoy and Akkins, were ceded to the neighboring Argunskiy Okrug. Finally, in 1871, Ingushskiy Okrug was combined with the Ossetinskiy okrug into a new district, Vladikavkazsky okrug.

Geography

It was located in the central part of the North Caucasus in the basin of the Terek, Sunzha, Assa and Fortanga rivers, covering the territory of modern Ingushetia, parts of the Mozdok and Prigorodny regions of North Ossetia, Sernovodsky and parts of the Achkhoy-Martanovsky regions of the Chechen Republic.[1]

It bordered in the west with the Ossetinskiy Okrug, in the northwest with the Kabardinskiy Okrug, in the north with the Stavropol Governorate, in the east with the Chechenskiy Okrug, in the southeast with the Argunskiy Okrug, in the south along the Caucasus Range with the Tiflis Governorate.

History

Ingushskiy Okrug on the Road map of the Caucasus region in 1853.
Ingushskiy Okrug on the map of the Caucasus region, 1869.

Background

Up until the 1860s, the mountaineers in the North Caucasus were subordinated to the military authorities of the Left (North-Eastern Caucasus) and Right (North-Western Caucasus) flanks of the Caucasian Line. Only in the Stavropol Governorate was there a civil administration.[2]

Establishment

In 1862, Terek Oblast was divided into three districts (otdel), that is, Western, Middle and Eastern. To the former belonged the newly created Ingushskiy Okrug[3][4] (also referred as the Voenno-Ingushskiy Okrug).[5]

The administrative center of the Ingushskiy Okrug, together with the Ossetian Okrug, was Vladikavkaz. The Okrug consisted of three uchastoks: Nazranovskiy, Psedakhskiy, Gorsky and Karabulakskiy.[6][1] Significant lands of the plain of Ingushetia in 1864-1865, after the construction of Cossack villages on them, were directly subordinated to the Terek Cossack Host. In 1866, the territory of the Meredzhin and Akkin societies was separated from the Gorskiy Uchastok of the Ingushskiy Okrug and subordinated to the administration of the Argunskiy Okrug.[7][8][lower-alpha 2]

In 1865, after the resettlement of Karabulaks to Turkey, Karabulakskiy Uchastok was abolished and it's lands were ceded to nearby Cossack stanitsas.[10]

On February 2, 1870, a project was approved to establish an agricultural farm and school in the Ingush district.[11]

In 1871, the Ingushskiy Okrug was disestablished when, together with the Cossack villages on the Sunzha, it was merged with the Ossetinskiy Okrug into one Vladikavkazsky Okrug.[12]

Administrative divisions

In administrative terms, initially in 1862 Ingushkiy Okrug was divided into 4 subcounties (uchastoks) and the lands of the villages on the Sunzha subordinate to the Terek Cossack army. However, in 1865 the number of sites was reduced to three. The subcounties of the Ingushskiy okrug were as follows:

Name 1868 population[13]
Nazranovskiy Uchastok (Назрановскій участокъ) 17,339
Psedakhskiy Uchastok (Пседахскій участокъ) 6812
Gorskiy Uchastok (Горскій участокъ) 5763
Name 1865 population
Karabulakskiy Uchastok[lower-alpha 3] (Карабулакскій участокъ) 5201
  • Settlements of Nazranovskiy Uchastok: Bazorkino, Kantyshevo, Surkhakhi, Ekazhevo, Nasyr-Kort, Alty, Gamurzievo, Bursuk, Plievo, Dolakovo, Upper Achaluki.
  • Settlements of Psedakhskiy Uchastok: Sagopshi, Geirbek-Yurt, Psedakh, Keskem, Lower Keskem, Bekovichi, Guchuk-Yurt, Lower Achaluki, Middle Achaluki, Upper Achaluki.
  • Settlements of Gorskiy Uchastok: Dzheyrakh, Pamyat, Armkhi, Lyazhgi, Tsori, Khamkhi, Tumgi, Khuli, Egikhal, Bisht, Doshkhakle, Kyazi, Shoan, Salgi, Metskhal, Garkh, Furtoug, Kusht, Koshk Morch, Eban, Kerbete, Kharp, Beyni, Olgeti, Tsoli, Niy, Pyaling, Targim, Barkhane, Barakh, Leimi, Kart, Ozdik, Nilkh, Pui, Tsorkh, Kyakhk, Ersh, Ezmi, Kost, Nyakist, Hani, Gadaborsh, Torsh, Tori, Khai, Koli, Myashkhi, Vovnushki, Tsyzdy, Gul. In 1866, the settlements of Akki and parts of the Meredzhi societies — Yalkhoroy, Akki, Vilah, Kerete, Galanchozh, Kerbychi, Orzmikale, Vauge — were separated from the Gorsky section of the Ingushsky Okrug and attached to the Argunskiy Okrug.[7][8]

Notes

    • Ingush: Гӏалгӏай окре, romanized: Ghalghai okre.
  1. Due to them belonging to the same nation as the locals (Chechens) and geographically closer to the central governance of the Okrug.[9]
  2. In 1865, the Karabulakskiy Uchastok of the Ingushskiy Okrug was liquidated, and its lands were divided between the Sunzha Cossacks and the Chechenskiy Okrug.[6][1]

References

  1. Албогачиева 2015, p. 177.
  2. Долгиева et al. 2013, p. 283.
  3. Ахмадов & Хасмагомадов 2005, p. 35.
  4. Шнирельман 2006, p. 21.
  5. Сборник документов и материалов 2020.
  6. Албогачиева, Мартазанов & Соловьева 2013, p. 177.
  7. Грабовскій 1870, p. 115.
  8. Дубровин 1871, p. 381.
  9. "Горскій участокъ Ингушевскаго округа — въ 1865 году" [Mountain Uchastok of the Ingushevskiy Okrug – in 1865]. Терскія Вѣдомости. No. 21. Владикавказъ. 21 May 1868. p. 83 (3 as PDF).
  10. Арапов et al. 2007, p. 219.
  11. Якуб, Патиев (2019-01-31). "События февраля" [February events]. Сердало (in Russian). No. 13 (12148). Archived from the original on 2019-11-22.
  12. Долгиева et al. 2013, p. 236.
  13. Сборник свѣдѣній о кавказскихъ горцахъ 1868, p. 6–7.

Bibliography

English sources

Russian sources

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