Interstate 11

Interstate 11 (I-11) is an Interstate Highway that currently runs for 22.8 miles (36.7 km) on a predominantly northwest–southeast alignment in the US state of Nevada, running concurrently with US Route 93 (US 93) between the Arizona state line and Henderson. The freeway is tentatively planned to run from Nogales, Arizona, to the vicinity of Reno, Nevada, generally following the current routes of I-19, I-10, US 93, and US 95.[3] Planners anticipate widening two existing highway segments to carry future I-11: US 93 in Arizona from Wickenburg to the Nevada state line on the Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge over the Colorado River, and US 95 in Nevada from the Las Vegas Valley to Tonopah. In 2022, officials in Nevada announced that they planned to extend I-11 through the Las Vegas Valley along the existing alignments of I-515/US 93/US 95 to downtown Las Vegas, then running concurrently with US 95 northwest to SR 157. An exact alignment for I-11 has yet to be determined outside of these sections; however, a number of corridor alternatives have been identified for further study and refinement. The building of I-11 in Arizona is also facing local opposition from conservation groups.

"I-11" redirects here. For the former Nevada highway, see Nevada State Route 11. For other uses, see I11.

Interstate 11 marker

Interstate 11

Purple Heart Highway
I-11 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by NDOT
Length22.845 mi[1] (36.765 km)
ExistedAugust 16, 2017[2]–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
South end US 93 at Arizona state line
Major intersections
North end I-215 / I-515 / US 93 / US 95 / SR 564 in Henderson
Location
CountryUnited States
StateNevada
CountiesClark
Highway system
  • Nevada State Highway System
← US 6NV→ I-15

As originally proposed in the 2012 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act, the highway would run only from Casa Grande, Arizona, to Las Vegas.[4] This was to provide a Las Vegas–Phoenix freeway link. However, extensions of the corridor to the north toward Reno and to the south toward Nogales have since been approved by the 2015 Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act.

The numbering of this highway does not currently fit within the usual conventions of the existing Interstate Highway grid as it is east of I-15 and should therefore have a number greater than 15. However, I-17 was already built to the east of the I-11 alignment in Arizona, making it impossible to fit this freeway's Interstate number into the national grid and remain within the traditional numbering convention. The subsequent plan to extend the Interstate north of Las Vegas to Reno would, if constructed, put that portion of I-11 west of I-15 and thus in line with the national grid numbering conventions.

The 80th session of the Nevada Legislature passed a bill designating the entire route of I-11 in the state as the Purple Heart Highway, which went into effect on July 1, 2019.[5][6]

Route description

Arizona

The southern terminus of the freeway would be at I-19 Business Loop in Nogales, Arizona, concurrent with that of I-19 proper, or follow State Route 189 (SR 189) from its interchange with I-19 to the Mariposa Port of Entry where it continues south as Federal Highway 15D, creating a Nogales, Arizona–Nogales, Sonora metro area bypass for high-density CANAMEX Corridor traffic. As originally envisioned, the freeway would then join I-10 in Tucson and continue to Casa Grande.[3] However, corridor alternatives were studied, and the draft tier 1 environmental impact statement selected a recommended corridor alternative that would split from I-19 near Sahuarita and travel around the Tucson Mountains as a Tucson bypass route, then travel parallel to I-10 until Casa Grande.[7] The two Interstates would be within miles of each other, and a short connection to I-10 is proposed in Marana.

At or near the interchange with I-8 and I-10 in Casa Grande, the freeway would split from I-10 and travel in a generally westward and then northward direction as a bypass route around the Phoenix metropolitan area.[8] Two general corridor alternatives have been identified for this bypass section. One recommended alternative would have the highway running concurrently with I-8 west to Gila Bend, turning north to its interchange with I-10 in Buckeye or Tonopah.[9] The second recommended alternative would have the highway run concurrently with I-8 east to an intersection with either Loop 303 or the Hassayampa Freeway, and then follow some combination of those highways, SR 30, or SR 85 to an intersection with I-10 in or near Buckeye.[9]

The Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge, a completed alignment of I-11 near Hoover Dam in 2010

North of I-10 in Buckeye or Tonopah, the study has identified a general corridor roughly parallel to the Hassayampa River with two more specific corridor alignments. The first would create a new highway running north to the US 60/SR 74 intersection in Morristown before turning northwest to run concurrently with US 60 to its intersection with US 93 in Wickenburg, thereafter, running concurrently with US 93 to the northwest. The second alignment would follow the alignment of the Hassayampa Freeway as proposed by the Maricopa Association of Governments to an intersection with US 93 northwest of Wickenburg in Yavapai County.[9]

The highway would then run concurrently with US 93 through northern Arizona, including a concurrency with I-40 in and near Kingman. After leaving Kingman, the highway would continue north, crossing the Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge into Nevada.

Nevada

In Nevada, the highway currently begins at the Arizona state line on the Hoover Dam Bypass, then runs along the 15-mile (24 km) Boulder City Bypass around Boulder City, which opened on August 9, 2018. It is signed concurrently with US 93 throughout. At mile 14, I-11 intersects and joins with US 95 heading north.[9] Continuing northwest, the highway runs along a former 5-mile (8.0 km) section of I-515 around Henderson before currently ending at the Henderson Spaghetti Bowl interchange with I-215 and SR 564.

I-11 sign in Henderson with US 93/US 95 shields in 2018

I-11 will be extended through the Las Vegas Valley along the existing alignments of I-515/US 93/US 95 to downtown Las Vegas, then running concurrently with US 95 northwest to SR 157.[10]

History

As recently as 1997, US 93 was mostly a two-lane road between Wickenburg and Hoover Dam, and was known for its dangerous curves and hills in the stretch between Wickenburg and I-40. In the late 1990s, ADOT began widening US 93 to four lanes, and in some areas building a completely new roadway. In other places along the route, ADOT simply repaved the old highway and built two new lanes parallel to it. ADOT also began studying the possibility of adding grade separations to US 93 near the Santa Maria River to make the road a full freeway.

At the same time Nevada[11] and Arizona began looking at US 93's crossing of Hoover Dam, a major bottleneck for regional commerce, with hairpin turns, multiple crosswalks for pedestrians, and steep grades. Plans for a bridge to bypass the dam became even more urgent when the road was closed to trucks after 9/11 in 2001, forcing commercial traffic to detour through Bullhead City, Arizona, and Laughlin, Nevada, causing major transport delays as a result.

With the completion of the Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge on October 14, 2010,[12] the vast majority of the roadway is now a four-lane divided highway. Still, with Phoenix and Las Vegas as the two largest neighboring cities in the United States not connected by Interstate Highway, leaders in both cities lobbied to include I-11 in the next Transportation Equity Act reauthorization. With the rise of the concept of "megapolitan" urban regions, I-11 is considered a key connector to unify the triangle formed by Las Vegas, Phoenix, and the Los Angeles area (the triangle consisting of I-15 to the north/west, I-10 to the south and I-11 on the east).[13] The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) approved NDOT's environmental review of a bypass around Boulder City, which would connect the end of the recently constructed Hoover Dam Bypass bridge east of Boulder City to I-515 west of the town.[14]

In December 2013, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), researchers discovered naturally occurring asbestos in the route of the Boulder City bypass. Containing the asbestos and monitoring the surrounding air to keep workers safe was estimated to cost at least an additional $12 million.[15] Work was completed without any OSHA incidents, with 14,000 air samples taken during the construction.[16]

On March 21, 2014, signs for I-11 were installed along the US 93 corridor.[17] On May 21, 2014, NDOT submitted an application to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to request the creation of the I-11 designation between the Arizona state line and the I-215/I-515 Interchange in Henderson.[18] AASHTO approved this request at their Spring 2014 Special Committee on US Route Numbering meeting, contingent on FHWA approval.[19] On August 16, 2017, the first southbound segment was opened to traffic, with its accompanying northbound segment opening on January 27, 2018.[20] On February 20, 2018, NDOT opened additional ramps connecting the new Railroad Pass Casino Road to both the Boulder City Parkway (formerly US 93 and US 95) and to I-11 (southbound exit and northbound entrance).[21] The final portion of Phase 1, between the new casino access road and US 95, opened on May 23, 2018.[22][23] On August 9, 2018, Phase 2 was opened to traffic, officially completing the Boulder City Bypass.[24]

Phase 2, which began construction on April 6, 2015,[25] was expected to open by October 2018;[26] however, in May 2018, the RTC announced that the section would be open by June 2018, three months ahead of schedule.[27][28] That opening date was subsequently pushed back to August 9, 2018, as it was still in the post-construction stage.[29] In March 2019, NDOT replaced I-515 signs along its southernmost 5 miles (8.0 km) stretch with I-11 signs.[30]

In July 2022, NDOT decided to route I-11 along the existing alignments of I-515/US 93/US 95 to downtown Las Vegas, then running concurrently with US 95 northwest to SR 157 rather than use I-215 or construct a new corridor as had been proposed.[10]

Current status

As of July 2019, the only completed sections of I-11 are the Hoover Dam Bypass, the Boulder City Bypass, and a former 5-mile (8.0 km) section of I-515.[31][24][30] The Nevada portion of the original I-11 corridor is a full freeway that meets current Interstate Highway standards from the Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge on US 93 to the northwest of Las Vegas on US 95. While the bulk of US 93 through Arizona has been widened to four lanes, some portions of the corridor are not built to Interstate Highway standards, as there are scattered at-grade intersections, substandard roadway and shoulder widths, median crossovers, and other deficiencies. Part of these dual roadways are repaved, re-striped sections of very old parts of US 93. Farther south, a direct system interchange with US 93 and I-40 is planned to eliminate the bottleneck at Beale Street in western Kingman.[32] The first phase of construction, planned to begin in 2024 and finish in 2026, will construct direct connectors from westbound I-40 to northbound US 93 and from southbound US 93 to eastbound I-40. The remaining movements between US 93 and I-40 will continue to use the existing Beale Street interchange until traffic demands warrant and the second phase can be funded.[33]

As of 2020, Phase 4 of the project is under construction. The US 93 Corridor Improvement Project will finish what was started in 1998 and connect the four sections of the divided highway to Wickenburg, allowing more traffic on these congested roads. Up north, a direct interchange with I-40 and US 93 is planned. This will eliminate the existing Cedar Hills interchange to allow a better flow of traffic directly onto US 93 from I-40. US 93 will be cosigned as I-11 once it is built to Interstate standards.[34]

Funding

The funding bill for the United States Department of Transportation, which replaced stopgaps that expired on June 30, 2012, officially designated I-11. This bill sped up funding for studying, engineering, and possibly building the highway. The Arizona legislature passed a law in 2009 that allowed private investors to team up with ADOT. In July 2012, Nevada's Transportation Board awarded $2.5 million in contracts to a team of consultants to study I-11's feasibility and its environmental and economic consequences.[8]

Tucson extension plans

Officials in Pima County, Arizona, supported an extension of the planned I-11 from Casa Grande, which would wrap southwest of the Tucson Mountains before meeting with I-19 in Sahuarita, south of Tucson, and continuing east to I-10.[35] Over 800 residents signed a petition opposing that west-side bypass because it would impact the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, Saguaro National Park, and Ironwood Forest National Monument. They recommended that I-11 be built on top of the existing I-10 route through Tucson. The additional segment would create the Tucson bypass route identified as a critical need by ADOT based upon I-10 traffic projections.[36][37][38] In 2019, the draft tier 1 environmental impact statement selected the Tucson bypass route as the recommended corridor alternative, with the corridor parallel to I-10 until Casa Grande and a connection to I-10 in Marana.[7] The plan to build I-11 in Arizona as a whole is still receiving pushback and conservation groups are currently suing the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) over the construction of the route.[39][40]

Northern Nevada extension plans

The proposal to extend I-11 to the Reno area was supported by both of Nevada's US Senators, Harry Reid and Dean Heller, as well as the rest of Nevada's delegation to the US Congress. Heller stated that connecting the Phoenix area with Las Vegas and Northern Nevada would "spur long-term economic development, create jobs and bolster international trade".[41] The 2015 FAST Act gave Congressional approval to the proposed extensions in Nevada and Arizona, but not to extensions north of I-80.[3]

The Reno City Council was informed of potential I-11 corridor plans in March 2018. These include a route through Yerington that roughly parallels SR 208 until just before the Topaz Lake area, then takes a new route into Gardnerville and Minden before meeting up with current I-580 in Carson City, which it follows to its terminus of I-80 in Reno. The other potential corridors stick closer to US 95, with one following US 95 Alt. through Silver Springs to meet I-80 in Fernley, while another would take a new route east of Silver Springs to Fernley, meeting current US 50 Alt. west of Fallon, which would then go to I-80 in Fernley. Another proposed route would go east of Mina and Luning and go north through Salt Wells before meeting US 95 north of Fallon, which then meets I-80 farther north. Other minor alterations to these routes were also shown.[42]

Long-term corridor plans

I-11 was previously projected to serve as an Intermountain West part of the US's long-term CANAMEX Corridor transportation plans, with potential extensions south from Casa Grande to the Sonoran border, and north from Las Vegas through northern Nevada (potentially passing through Reno or Elko) and onward through either eastern Oregon–Washington or western Idaho before terminating at the Canadian border.[43] As of December 2015, I-11 is projected to become the Intermountain West Corridor, extending from Phoenix and Las Vegas through Reno to the Pacific Northwest via central or eastern Oregon and central Washington to the Canadian Border.[44] Feasibility studies for these corridor extensions began in July 2013 and were published in November 2014.

Exit list

Old exits on I-11 were formerly exits on I-515 numbered according to US 95 mileposts. The entire route is in Clark County.

Locationmi[45]kmOld exitNew exitDestinationsNotes
Colorado River0.0000.000
 US 93 south – Kingman		Continuation beyond southern terminus into Arizona
Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge; Nevada–Arizona line
Lake Mead NRA2.0293.2652

 US 93 Bus. north (Boulder City Parkway) / SR 172 east (Hoover Dam Access Road) – Boulder City, Hoover Dam		Southern terminus of US 93 Bus.; western terminus of SR 172; former US 93/US 466
Boulder City13.59021.87114
 US 95 south / SR 173 north – Searchlight, Boulder City		Southern end of US 95 concurrency; southern terminus of unsigned SR 173, which is former US 95 north
Henderson15ARailroad Pass Casino Road
15B

 US 93 Bus. south (Boulder City Parkway) – Boulder City		Southbound exit and northbound entrance; former US 93/US 95 south/US 466 east
17.23827.74256A17AWagon Wheel Drive / Nevada State DriveSigned as exit 17 southbound; serves Nevada State College
56B17BBoulder Highway (SR 582 north)Northbound exit and southbound entrance; southern terminus of SR 582; former US 93/US 95 north/US 466 west
18.93530.4735719College DriveServes College of Southern Nevada, Henderson Campus
20.79133.4605920Horizon DriveDiverging diamond interchange
22.81836.7226123

 I-215 west (Bruce Woodbury Beltway) / SR 564 east (Lake Mead Parkway)		Eastern terminus of I-215; western terminus of SR 564; I-215 exit 1; former SR 146



 I-515 north / US 93 north / US 95 north		Northern end of US 93/US 95 concurrency; continuation beyond northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

References
  1. Nevada Department of Transportation (January 2019). "State Maintained Highways of Nevada: Descriptions and Maps". Retrieved February 16, 2019.
  2. Marroquin, Art (August 16, 2017). "2.5-mile segment of southbound I-11 opens to traffic". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
  3. "Interstate 11 receives designation in federal transportation funding bill" (Press release). Phoenix: Arizona Department of Transportation. December 4, 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015. The Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act, or FAST Act, formally designates Interstate 11 throughout Arizona. It states that the I-11 corridor will generally follow Interstate 19 from Nogales to Tucson, Interstate 10 from Tucson to Phoenix, and US 93 from Wickenburg to the Nevada state line. From there, the Interstate 11 corridor extends north through Nevada, and is designated as an interstate highway north of Las Vegas, through Reno, connecting to Interstate 80.
  4. "Phoenix-to-Vegas Interstate Included in Federal Transportation bill". Kingman Daily Miner. June 29, 2012. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
  5. "Nevada SB331 | 2019 | 80th Legislature".
  6. "SB331 Overview".
  7. "Arizona". I-11 Corridor Study. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
  8. Holstege, Sean (June 29, 2012). "Bill for Phoenix to Vegas Freeway Advances". Arizona Republic.
  9. "I-11 and Intermountain West Corridor Study Technical Memorandum: Level 2 Evaluation Results Summary" (PDF). Nevada and Arizona Departments of Transportation. pp. 77–82. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  10. Akers, Mick. "Highway officials identify I-11's preferred Las Vegas route". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved August 10, 2022.
  11. "Nevada Construction Planning & Developing". PBTP Construction Group. September 24, 2008. Archived from the original on June 3, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2015.
  12. "Hoover Dam Bypass: Mike O'Callaghan-Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge (Colorado River Bridge)" (PDF). CFLHD & HDR. July 13, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 3, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
  13. Stephens, Josh (October 15, 2012). "The Last American Superhighway The Southwest Bets on Interstate 11". Next City. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
  14. Hansen, Kyle B. (October 25, 2010). "Public Meeting Set for Boulder City Bypass Project". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
  15. Velotta, Richard (April 13, 2015). "Handling asbestos on I-11 route will cost $12.7 million". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
  16. Akers, Mick (May 23, 2017). "As Interstate 11 progresses, asbestos monitoring continues". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
  17. Rico, Gabriela (March 24, 2014). "'Future I-11' Signs Go Up North of Phoenix". Arizona Daily Star. Tucson, AZ. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
  18. Wright, Bud (May 21, 2014). "An Application from the State Highway or Transportation Department of Nevada for Establishment of an Interstate Route" (PDF). Letter to Victor Mendez. Washington, D.C.: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering.
  19. Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering (May 29, 2014). "Report to SCOH" (Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Archived from the original (DOCX) on February 26, 2020. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
  20. "Next section of Interstate 11 slated to open Saturday morning". Las Vegas Review-Journal. January 23, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  21. Marroquin, Art (February 11, 2018). "Section of I-11 to open Tuesday at Railroad Pass". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
  22. "Interstate 11 | I-11 NV".
  23. "New section of I-11 to bypass Boulder City, to open May 23". www.equipmentworld.com. May 21, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
  24. Marroquin, Art (August 9, 2018). "Nation's Newest Freeway, 15-Mile Stretch of I-11, Ready to Roll". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
  25. Shine, Conor (April 6, 2015). "Construction begins on key link of future interstate". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  26. Holstege, Sean (March 24, 2014). "A Sign of Hope for Backers of I-11 Project". Arizona Republic. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
  27. "More of I-11 near town to open ahead of schedule". Boulder City Review. May 17, 2018. Retrieved May 19, 2018.
  28. "15-mile stretch of Interstate 11 to open three months ahead of schedule". Las Vegas Sun. May 16, 2018. Retrieved May 19, 2018.
  29. Regional Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada. "I-11 Grand Opening". Retrieved August 6, 2018.
  30. Ackers, Mick (March 14, 2019). "75 new freeway signs to be installed between Henderson, Boulder City". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
  31. "I-11 and Intermountain West Corridor Study" (PDF). November 2014.
  32. "I-40/US 93 West Kingman System Interchange Public Information Meeting" (PDF). Arizona Department of Transportation. September 26, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 24, 2016. Retrieved February 2, 2015.
  33. "Public Hearing - US 93, I-40 West Kingman". Arizona Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 16, 2022.
  34. "US Route 93 Corridor Projects". Arizona Department of Transportation. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  35. Rico, Gabriela (June 30, 2013). "Tucson May See Another Interstate". Arizona Daily Star. Tucson, AZ.
  36. "I-10 Phoenix/Tucson Bypass Study". Arizona Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
  37. Ferguson, Joe (July 1, 2013). "Supervisors: I-11 Plan Faces Tall Hurdles". Arizona Daily Star. Tucson, AZ.
  38. Ferguson, Joe (July 31, 2013). "Huckelberry says new highway I-11 key to Pima County's future". Arizona Daily Star. Tucson, AZ.
  39. Christiansen, Andrew (January 25, 2023). "Conservation groups suing over plans to build Interstate 11". KGUN 9 Tucson News. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  40. Fischer, Howard (May 26, 2023). "Arizona Interstate 11 project still has a chance". KAWC. Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  41. "Reno-to-Vegas interstate is in highway bill deal". Reno Gazette-Journal. Associated Press. December 2, 2015. Retrieved December 6, 2015.
  42. Fuhs, Brandon (March 14, 2018). "Reno City Council Learns Potential Corridors for Future Interstate 11". Reno, NV: KTVN-TV. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  43. "Project Background". Interstate 11 & Intermountain West Corridor Study. Arizona and Nevada departments of transportation. Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  44. "Corridor Concept Summary" (PDF). Interstate 11 & Intermountain West Corridor Study. Arizona and Nevada departments of transportation. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
  45. Nevada Department of Transportation (May 12, 2014). "Interstate 11 application" (PDF). American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials. Retrieved August 15, 2017.
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