Interstate 69 Ohio River Crossing

Environmental studies were initiated in 2001, and a draft environmental impact statement (DEIS) was issued in March 2004. Environmental studies were suspended when no funding source was identified to build the bridge, which is estimated to cost $1.4 billion.[4][5] Kentucky is responsible for financing two-thirds (approx. $933.3 million) of the construction cost, and Indiana will finance the remaining third (approx. $466.6 million). Indiana has funding available for its portion of the project through the state's Major Moves program, but Kentucky has yet to identify a dedicated funding source for its portion of the cost.

The I-69 bridge had been competing for funding against other Ohio River bridge projects that Kentucky is attempting to complete, most notably the recently completed Ohio River Bridges Project between Louisville and southern Indiana, and the proposed Brent Spence Bridge replacement project between Covington and Cincinnati, Ohio. As a matter of historical antecedence the Ohio River boundary of lands that now constitute Kentucky is founded not upon the thalweg but is set by the precedence of royal proclamations and treaties to be the river's low-water point on north or west bank of the Ohio River, an alignment that precedes the Northwest Ordnance. Because of this, the fiscal burden of construction of infrastructure projects as between Kentucky and her Ohio River boundary-sister states (i.e., in the construction of bridges), falls primarily upon Kentucky alone. However, unlike the Twin Bridges, this bridge will be at least 40% in its entirety within the boundaries of Indiana.

The Kentucky Legislature passed House Bill 3 in 2008 that authorizes the state to establish joint bridge authorities with Indiana to finance and build crossings of the Ohio River, specifically with these three megaprojects in mind. While a joint authority has been established to advance work on the Louisville bridges, Kentucky officials have opted to wait on establishing a similar authority for the I-69 bridge until construction on the Louisville bridges is underway.[6]

With the completion of SIU 5 in Kentucky in 2015, and with I-69 connected to Indianapolis via State Road 37 (SR 37) in Indiana (also in 2015), both states have made completing the Ohio River Crossing a top priority. On June 30, 2016, Indiana Governor Mike Pence (replaced by Eric Holcomb) and Kentucky Governor Matt Bevin (replaced by Andy Beshear) announced an agreement to resume environmental studies and develop a funding strategy to complete the Ohio River Bridge and its approaches. Indiana will contribute $17 million to restart and lead the environmental studies that will culminate in an approved environmental impact statement (EIS) and record of decision (ROD) that will allow construction to begin. Environmental studies are expected to take about three years to complete, with right-of-way acquisition and construction expected to begin thereafter. Kentucky has committed over $43 million in its 2016 Six-Year Highway Plan for design and right-of-way acquisition for the bridge.[7][8] Revisions to the Ohio River Bridge concept have helped reduce its estimated cost from the initial estimate of $1.4 billion to $845 million. Both states are considering a combination of tolls, private sector investment, and traditional funding sources to finance construction of the bridge. On November 16, 2016, INDOT and KYTC announced the selection of Parsons Corporation of Pasadena, California to complete environmental studies and design of the I-69 Ohio River Bridge.[9] Parsons recently led the engineering and design work for the Ohio River Bridges Project between Louisville, Kentucky and southern Indiana.[10] The Federal Highway Administration released the Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) and Record of Decision (ROD) approving Central Alternative 1B Modified that includes a 4-lane tolled bridge for I-69 and the retention of one of the US-41 bridges, toll free, for local traffic. With the completed FEIS and ROD, construction is scheduled to start on Section 1 between the I-69/US-41/KY-425 interchange and US-60 in early 2022.[11][12]

The DEIS for the Ohio River Crossing was published on December 14, 2018, which selected Central Corridor 1 as the preferred alternative. The estimated cost to complete the segment is around $1.5 billion, which will be at least partially funded with tolls. The final EIS and ROD are expected to be released in late 2020 or early 2021. Subject to the availability of funding, construction on the bridge approaches may begin in 2022. Management of the bridge's construction and operations is still under discussion. One option is for INDOT and the KYTC to jointly manage construction and operation of the bridge. Also being discussed is the formation of a bi-state bridge authority to oversee the construction and operations of the I-69 ORX.[13]

Kentucky Governor Andy Beshear had proposed $267 million in funding for the bridge: $77 million from 2020 to 2022 and the rest from 2023 to 2026. A portion of the approach roadways would be built: from Kentucky Route 425 or the Henderson Bypass to US 60. The Kentucky General Assembly approved $37 million in Fiscal Years 2020 through 2022 for design, right-of-way, utility relocation, and initial construction between KY-425 and US-60, which includes reconfiguring the US-41 interchange with the Audubon Parkway. The approved amount is much less than what was originally proposed due to budget shortfalls stemming from the economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020.[14] Kentucky's enacted six Year Road Plan includes $190 million for construction between KY-425 and US-60 in Fiscal Years 2023 through 2026, as well as $73.4 million to advance work on the bridge itself ($50 million in FY-2023 to complete the design, and 43.4 million in FY-2025 and 2026 for right-of-way acquisition and utility relocation).[15] On May 14, 2020, the Evansville Metropolitan Planning Organization approved an additional $15 million that will enable INDOT and KYTC to complete environmental studies and begin preliminary design.[16] Additionally, Indiana has programmed $4 million in FY 2020–2022 to acquire right-of-way for the northern approach to the bridge.[17] On June 11, 2021, Indiana Governor Eric Holcomb announced his state has committed an additional $200 million to complete design and construction of the Indiana approach to the I-69 Ohio River Bridge, including a new high-speed interchange with the existing I-69 east of Evansville, and 1.5 miles of new freeway to the Kentucky state line (which lies about a half-mile (0.8 km) to the north of the Ohio River in the area due to changes in the river's course over time).[18] Tolls are expected to cover between $250 million and $500 million of the bridge's construction cost, depending on the alternative selected.[19]

A major sticking point that has slowed progress on the final Environmental impact statement (FEIS) for the I-69 ORX is the future of the US 41 bridges following completion of the I-69 ORX. Kentucky officials favor reducing the US 41 bridges from two to one, which would be toll-free for local traffic. Residents and local officials in Henderson and Evansville favor keeping both US 41 bridges without tolls, but state officials have stated that it would not be financially viable to maintain both US 41 bridges without tolls after the I-69 ORX is built. Both states also want to avoid a situation where the US 41 bridges become a toll free alternative for long-distance traffic.[20]

On June 22, 2022, Kentucky Gov. Andy Beshear, Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Secretary Jim Gray, Henderson Mayor Steve Austin, Henderson County Judge/Executive Brad Schneider and Evansville, Indiana, Mayor Lloyd Winnecke broke ground for Phase one of the ORX project. I-69 ORX Section 1 focuses on improvements in Henderson and extends from KY 425 to US 60. It includes an extension of over six miles of I-69, new interchanges with US 41 and US 60 and a reconstructed KY 351 interchange. The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) is overseeing the Section 1 project with construction beginning in earnest in mid-2022 and continuing through 2025.[21][22]

I-69 ORX Section 2 is a bistate project between Indiana and Kentucky that will complete the I-69 connection from US 60 in Henderson to I-69 in Evansville, which includes the new river crossing. Approval of preliminary development from both states came in March 2023. Design is expected to begin in 2025 with construction anticipated to begin in 2027 and continue through 2031 at an estimated cost of more than $1.2 billion.[23] Both states continue to look for opportunities to accelerate that timeline. I-69 ORX Section 3 is the bridge approach construction in Indiana. Design work and preconstruction activities are underway. The Indiana Department of Transportation is overseeing this section and construction is expected to begin in 2024 and end in 2027.[24] In August 2023, Indiana and Kentucky officials announced that they had requested $630 million in funding from the federal government to complete the bridge and the road segments leading up to it.[25]