Heraklion (regional unit)

Heraklion (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ηρακλείου) is one of the four regional units of Crete. The capital is the city of Heraklion.

Heraklion
Περιφερειακή ενότητα
Ηρακλείου
Regional unit
Municipalities of Heraklion regional unit; for the map key, see § Administration, below
Municipalities of Heraklion regional unit; for the map key, see § Administration, below
Heraklion regional unit within Greece
Heraklion regional unit within Greece
Coordinates: 35°10′N 25°10′E
CountryGreece
RegionCrete
CapitalHeraklion
Area
 • Total2,641 km2 (1,020 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)
 • Total313,766
 • Density120/km2 (310/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal codes
70x xx, 71x xx
Area codes2810, 289x0
ISO 3166 codeGR-91
Car platesHK, HP, HZ
Websitewww.nah.gr

Geography

The regional unit of Heraklion borders on the regional units of Rethymno to the west and Lasithi to the east. Farmlands are situated in the central and the northern parts, at the coast and in valleys. The mountains dominate the rest of the regional unit, notably the south. The main mountains are parts of Ida or Idi Mountains to the west and Asterousia in the south. The regional unit includes the island of Dia to the north.

Except for the mountains which receive mild to cool winters unlike northern Greece, the warm to hot Mediterranean climate dominates the regional unit.

Ancient history

Within the Heraklion regional unit's boundaries are a number of significant Neolithic and Minoan settlements, most notably the ancient palace complexes of Knossos and Phaistos.[1][2][3] While both archaeological sites evince Neolithic habitation from 7000 BC, it is the rich finds of Minoan civilisation, which flourished approximately 2800 to 1450 BC, that command the greatest scholarly attention.

Important ancient cities are:

Population history
  • 1991 - 263,868
  • 2001 - 292,482
  • 2011 - 305,490

Administration

The regional unit Heraklion is subdivided into 8 municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):[4]

Prefecture

The Heraklion prefecture (Greek: Νομός Ηρακλείου) was created in 1915, after Crete joined with the rest of Greece. As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the regional unit Heraklion was created out of the former prefecture Heraklion. The prefecture had the same territory as the present regional unit. At the same time, the municipalities were reorganised, according to the table below.[4]

New municipalityOld municipalitiesSeat
Archanes-AsterousiaArchanesPeza
Asterousia
Nikos Kazantzakis
FaistosZarosMoires
Moires
Tympaki
GortynaGortynaAgioi Deka
Agia Varvara
Kofinas
Rouvas
Heraklion
(Irakleio)		HeraklionHeraklion
Gorgolainis
Nea Alikarnassos
Paliani
Temenos
Hersonissos
(Chersonisos)		HersonissosGournes
Episkopi
Gouves
Malia
MaleviziGaziGazi
Krousonas
Tylisos
Minoa PediadaArkalochoriEvangelismos
Thrapsano
Kasteli
ViannosViannosAno Viannos

Provinces

Note: Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece.

Transport

Notable people

Communications

The following television channels serve the prefecture:

See also

Line notes
  1. A. Evans, 1921
  2. C. M. Hogan, 2007
  3. Phaistos profile
  4. "ΦΕΚ A 87/2010, Kallikratis reform law text" (in Greek). Government Gazette.
  5. Name changes of settlements in Greece

References
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