Irpin (river)

The Irpin or Irpen (Ukrainian: Ірпі́нь; Russian: Ирпе́нь) is a river in Ukraine, a right tributary of the Dnieper River. It is 162 kilometres (101 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 3,340 square kilometres (1,290 sq mi). Irpin city is one of the urban settlements beside the river.[1]

Irpin
Near Huta-Mezhyhirska
Native name	Ірпінь (Ukrainian)
Location
Country	Ukraine
Physical characteristics
Mouth	Dnieper
• location	Kyiv Reservoir
• coordinates	50°44′40″N 30°22′05″E
Length	162 km (101 mi)[1]
Basin size	3,340 km2 (1,290 sq mi)[1]
Basin features
Progression	Dnieper→ Dnieper–Bug estuary→ Black Sea
Tributaries
• left	Rokach[2]
• right	Borshchahivka, Liubka, Horenka, Koturka[3]

The original confluence of the Irpin and the Dnieper is beneath the surface of the Kyiv Reservoir, which was formed by the dam for the Kyiv Hydroelectric Power Plant in the mid-1960s. A second dam, immediately south of the village of Kozarovychi, was built to stop the reservoir from inundating more of the Irpin river basin. The Irpin reaches the dam 6.5–7 meters below the level of the reservoir and electrical pumps raise it into the reservoir.

The lands around the Irpin were the heartland of Kyivan Rus, and the chronicles mention the river in connection with several important historic events, such as the Battle on the Irpin River of 1321 in which the Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas (Gedemin) allegedly gained control over the lands of what is now central Ukraine. The river also defended Kyiv from German invasion during World War II.[4]

Prior to the creation of Soviet-era dams, the Irpin basin was a biodiverse wetland.[4]

In 2022, during the first two days of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Armed Forces destroyed the three lower bridges over the river, north-west of Kyiv, to hinder the Russian advance on the city. The bridges were at the village of Demydiv (near Kyiv Reservoir) and two at Irpin city.[5][6] Ukrainian troops also opened the Kozarovychi dam on the second day of the invasion, to flood the Irpin basin, including houses in Demydiv. The flooding effectively created a shallow lake that prevented Russian vehicles from advancing across it. Russian shelling later damaged the dam, which made it more difficult for the Ukrainians to drain the area after the Russians had withdrawn.[7]

Ecologists argue that the dams should not be rebuilt and that the wetland should be protected and restored.[4]