Jacob Bauthumley

Jacob Bauthumley or Bottomley[1] (1613–1692) was an English radical religious writer, usually identified as a central figure among the Ranters. He served as part of the New Model Army, leaving in March 1650. After the Restoration of 1660, he took up a job as a librarian in Leicester, where he produced a book of extracts from John Foxe, published in 1676.

Biography

Bauthumley is known principally for The Light and Dark Sides of God (1650). This work was regarded as blasphemous for its pantheistic tendencies, including the following:

Nay, I see that God is in all Creatures, Man and Beast, Fish and Fowle, and every green thing, from the highest Cedar to the Ivey on the wall; and that God is the life and being of them all, and that God doth really dwell, and if you will personally; ... and hath his Being no where else out of the Creatures.[2]

After the Blasphemy Act of August 1650, he was arrested, convicted, and burned through the tongue.[2]

Bauthumley had served in the Parliamentarian Army;[3] Norman Cohn[4] states that he was in the Army while writing the pamphlet, and took part in Ranter and Quaker meetings in Leicestershire in the mid-1650s. Christopher Hill[5] says that he left the Army in March 1650. His family had earlier suffered ostracism, for permitting sermons by Jeremiah Burroughes to be said in their house;[6] he was a shoemaker.

After the Restoration of 1660 he was a librarian in Leicester. He produced a book of extracts from John Foxe, published in 1676.[3]

Views

Bauthumley denied that the Bible was the Word of God,[7] and that Christ was more divine than other men.[8] He considered that the real Devil lay in human nature,[9] while God dwells in the flesh of man.[10]

Historian E. P. Thompson calls his views 'quasi-pantheistic' in their re-definition of God and Christ, and quotes A. L. Morton to the effect that this is the central Ranter doctrine.[11]

Selected publications

Notes
  1. Also Jacob Bathumley, Bothumley (in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography), Bauthaumley or Bauthumely
  2. Buckley, Eric; Michie, Allen. (2005). Style: Essays on Renaissance and Restoration Literature and Culture. University of Delaware Press. p. 76. ISBN 0-87413-909-0
  3. Radical Uses of History in the Restoration
  4. The Pursuit of the Millennium, 1970 edition p. 303-6, with extracts.
  5. The World Turned Upside Down, p. 208 of Penguin edition.
  6. Nigel Smith, Literature and Revolution in England, 1640-1660 (1994), p. 143.
  7. Hill, The English Bible and the Seventeenth-Century Revolution (1993) p. 234. "Jacob Bauthumley denied that the Bible was the Word of God, and thought that 'Scripture as it is in the history' was no better 'than any other writings of good men'. 'The Bible without is but a shadow of that Bible which is within'."
  8. Hill, Milton and the English Revolution (1977), p. 293.
  9. 403 Forbidden Archived 2013-10-15 at the Wayback Machine
  10. Hill, Milton, p. 301.
  11. Witness Against the Beast: William Blake and the Moral Law (1993), p. 26.
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