Joypurhat District

Joypurhat (Bengali: জয়পুরহাট) is a district in the northern part of Bangladesh, part of the Rajshahi Division.[2]

Joypurhat District
জয়পুরহাট
District of Bangladesh
Shrine near Patharghata
Shrine near Patharghata
Location of Joypurhat in Bangladesh
Location of Joypurhat in Bangladesh
Expandable map of Joypurhat
Coordinates: 25.10°N 89.03°E / 25.10; 89.03
Country Bangladesh
DivisionRajshahi Division
EstablishedFebruary 26, 1984
Government
 • Deputy CommissionerMd. Sharif
Area
 • Total965.4 km2 (372.7 sq mi)
Population
 (2022 census)[1]
 • Total956,430
 • Density990/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Joypurhati, Rajshahiyo
Time zoneUTC+06:00 (BST)
Postal code
5900

History

Ancient history

Joypurhat was an area under the Pala Empire & Sena dynasty for a long period of time. Till 16th and 17th centuries, there was no clear information about Joypurhat's history. Previously the local name for Joypurhat was Baghabarihat. Later it was called Gopendraganjahat in many archives. Once Lalbazar Thana was established by containing the present Joypurhat Sadar Upazila and Panchbibi Upazila. The thana was located on the east side of Small Jamuna River named Puranapoil. Then Puranapoil Union was known as Karimnagar. A post office was established in Lalbazar Thana. The sub-registry office was established in Nawabganj. There were many Neelkuthi established in this area. At that era, Lalbazar Thana was a town. Back then it was the only work for the ordinary people of that area. From Lalbazar Thana, Small Jamuna River gorge, the whole travel, commerce, and trade were maintained. At that period Lalbazar Thana, Khetlal Upazila & Badalgachhi Upazila were under Dinajpur District. As Dinajpur District, Rangpur District & Rajshahi District were very large, in 1821, a new district was formed from the three districts and named Bogra District. At that time, Bogra District occupied by Adamdighi, Bogra Sadar, Sherpur from Rajshahi District; two upazila from Rangpur District and Khetlal Upazila, Badalgachhi Upazila, Lalbazar Thana from Dinajpur. Later, on December 16, 1868, Lalbazar Police Thana was moved to Khasbaguri. The local name of Khasbabri was Panchbibi.

In 1884, from Kolkata District to Jalpaiguri District in British Raj the railway line established. Among this railway line, 8 railway station was built in the present Joypurhat District. In that time Baghabari was the local name of Joypurhat and Baghabari railway station was the name of Joypurhat railway station.

After establishing the railway station the people gathered more in the railway area more than in the riverside area of Small Jamuna River. People in the surrounding villages of the railway have increased gradually settled. Gradually the Khajanapur and Lalbazar Hat goes extinct. The name of 'Baghabari railway station' was replaced by the name Joypurhat railway station. And from that, the whole area became known to Joypurhat to all.

Some say that Joypurhat was renamed from the name of Pala Empire King JoyPal who ruled here in his period.

Geography

Rivers

Bangladesh is a country of many rivers. There are mainly five rivers in Joypurhat District. They are:

Climate

Joypurhat is a district of Tropical climate. In winter there is much more rainfall in Joypurhat than in summer. According to The Köppen climate classification, The average annual temperature in here is 25.4 °C and The average annual rainfall is 1738 mm. The driest month is December with 3 mm. Most precipitation falls in July, with an average of 364 mm. The warmest month of the year is August with an average temperature of 28.9 °C. In January, the average temperature is 18 °C. It is the lowest average temperature of the whole year.

Climate data for Joypurhat
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 24.8
(76.6)		 27.6
(81.7)		 32.5
(90.5)		 35
(95)		 33.6
(92.5)		 32.4
(90.3)		 35.5
(95.9)		 35.3
(95.5)		 31.2
(88.2)		 29.5
(85.1)		 28.7
(83.7)		 25.9
(78.6)		 31.0
(87.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18
(64)		 20.2
(68.4)		 24.9
(76.8)		 28.4
(83.1)		 28.7
(83.7)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.6
(83.5)		 27
(81)		 22.8
(73.0)		 19.3
(66.7)		 25.4
(77.7)
Average low °C (°F) 11.2
(52.2)		 12.9
(55.2)		 17.3
(63.1)		 21.9
(71.4)		 23.8
(74.8)		 25.4
(77.7)		 26.1
(79.0)		 26.2
(79.2)		 25.6
(78.1)		 22.9
(73.2)		 17
(63)		 12.6
(54.7)		 20.2
(68.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 10
(0.4)		 15
(0.6)		 21
(0.8)		 52
(2.0)		 186
(7.3)		 330
(13.0)		 364
(14.3)		 321
(12.6)		 283
(11.1)		 140
(5.5)		 13
(0.5)		 3
(0.1)		 1,738
(68.2)
Source: National newspapers

The difference in precipitation between the driest month and the wettest month is 361 mm. The average temperatures vary during the year by 10.9 °C.

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1974 507,741—    
1981 619,351+2.88%
1991 765,011+2.13%
2001 846,696+1.02%
2011 913,768+0.77%
2022 956,430+0.42%
Sources:[1][3]

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Joypurhat District had 269,904 households and a population of 956,430, 23.4% of whom lived in urban areas. The population density was 945 people per km2. The literacy rate (age 7 and over) was 73.6%, compared to the national average of 74.7%.[1]

Religions in Joypurhat district (2011)[3]
Religion Percent
Muslims
 
 89.66%
Hindus
 
 8.83%
Tribal religion
 
 0.97%
Christians
 
 0.53%
Other or not stated
 
 0.01%
Religion in present-day Joypurhat district[lower-alpha 1]
Religion Population (1941)[4]: 92–93  Percentage (1941) Population (2011)[3] Percentage (2011)
Islam 165,275 73.46% 819,235 89.66%
Hinduism 47,664 21.18% 80,696 8.83%
Tribal religion 11,929 5.30% 8,888 0.97%
Christianity 130 0.06% 4,822 0.53%
Others [lower-alpha 2] 2 0.00% 127 0.01%
Total Population 225,000 100 913,768 100%

Muslims make up 89.66% of the population, while Hindus are 8.83% and Christians 0.53% of the population respectively. Other religions (mainly Sarna) are 0.97% of the population. Ethnic minorities were 23,139 (2.53%), mainly Santals.[3]

Economy

Joypurhat's economy is mainly based on seasonal crops like rice, potato, wheat, onion, mango, jackfruit, and banana. It also produces a huge amount of sugarcane and it holds the country's largest sugar mill, Joypurhat Sugar Mill's Limited. There are also a lot of industries, rice mills and poultry farm sin this district. It exports many agricultural products. Hili land port is very close to Joypurhat district, so many people of this district do export-import business by this port and about all the vehicles of this port run over this district. This district is appropriate for all kind of business.

Joypurhat sugarmill at dusk

Arts and culture

Joypurhat is a district of rural or rich folk culture. In British Raj period, many festivals such as keerton (কীর্তন), jaree (জারী), palagaan (পালাগান), kabigaan (কবিগান), baul (বাউল), murshidee (মুর্শিদী), lokgeeti (লোকগীতি), bhaoyaiya (ভাওয়াইয়া), and jattra (যাত্রা) were held on various occasions.

After 1971, many cultural organizations established in this district level and upazila level.

Cultural groups
  • Drama Circle[5]

Points of interest

Jamalganj is situated 10 km south west of Joypurhat. Pahar Pur (Buddhist Bihar), largely known as Sompur Bihar, is situated 6 km(approx)north-west of Jamalganj which is a symbol of past legacy of our knowledge on philosophy, architecture, arts and sculptures. It is UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization) certified world heritage site.

Jamalganj is known for its long traditional bazar (in English market) fore surrounded places. It is also known for its agricultural products like banana, paddy, rice, wheat, and potato. Also famous for its coal (bituminous) and cement.

Administration

Sub-districts
Map of Joypurhat District; Joypurhat Sadar Upazila, Panchbibi Upazila, Khetlal Upazila, Akkelpur Upazila, Kalai Upazila

Joypurhat has five subdistricts (upazilas):[2]

upazila url link area (km2) population
Joypurhat Official website 238.5 256,691
Akkelpur Official website 139.47 128,952
Kalai Official website 166.30 129,329
Khetlal Official website 142.60 115,871
Panchbibi Official website 278.53 240,979

Municipalities

There are five municipalities in Joypurhat District.

Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Yasin [6]
Mayor: MD Mustafizur Rahaman Mostak [7]

Parliamentary seats

Joypurhat has two parliament seats: Joypurhat-1 and Joypurhat-2.

Constituency
NO.		Constituency
Name		ExtentPresent Jatiyo Sangshad MPPolitical partyLegislatureElection occupied
34
 Joypurhat-1
(details)
Joypurhat Sadar Upazila

Panchbibi Upazila
Advocate Shamsul Alam
 Bangladesh Awami League 11th Parliament December 30, 2018
35
 Joypurhat-2
(details)
Akkelpur Upazila

Kalai Upazila

Khetlal Upazila
Abu Sayeed Al Mahmud Swapan
 Bangladesh Awami League 11th Parliament December 30, 2018

Transport

Roads

Joypurhat is a small district in Rajshahi Division. It has 342.59 km cobbled road, 61.59 km semi-cobbled road and 1569 km raw road.

Railway stations

Joypurhat contains eight railway stations. The total railways of Joypurhat are 38.86 km.

Joypurhat Railway Station was established in 1884 in the British Raj period. It is a very important railway station in the northern part of Bangladesh.

Education
See also: Education in Bangladesh

There are 27 colleges in the district. They include Joypurhat Government College, Akkelpur Mujibar Rahman College, Amdai United Degree College, founded 1946, Joypurhat Government Women's College (1972), Joypurhat Womens Degree College, Kalai Degree College, Khetlal Syeed Altafunnesa College, and Mohipur Haji Mohsin Government College (1969).[2][8]

Joypurhat Girls' Cadet College, founded in 2006, is a military high school and college for girls.

According to Banglapedia, R.B. Govt. High School (1946), Haripur High School, founded in 1917, Joypurhat Government Girls' High School (1977), Kalai Moyen Uddin High School (1913), Khanjanpur High School (1901), Khanjanpur Mission Girl's High School (1919), Sonamukhi High School (1916), Teghar High School (1940), and Uchai Jerka S.C. High School (1925) are notable secondary schools.[2]

Religion

The district of Joypurhat has 2573 mosques, 186 mosque-based library, 675 trained Imam, 2200 Imam, 424 temples, 21 churches and 18 Buddhist temples. Hinda - Kasba Shahi Mosque is one such mosque in Joypurhat.

Notable residents
Name Birthplace Notable works Time period
Poet Jayadeva Goswami Kendoil village, Joypurhat Sadar Upazila Geeti Gabinda Grontho (গীতি গবিন্দ গ্রন্থ) In the time period of King Lakshman Sen

See also

Notes
  1. Joypurhat, Khetlal and Panchbibi thanas of Bogra district
  2. Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated

References
  1. Population and Housing Census 2022: Preliminary Report. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2022. pp. viii, 28, 30, 39, 44, 46. ISBN 978-984-35-2977-0.
  2. Md Azizul Haq (2012). "Joypurhat District". In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  3. "Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Joypurhat" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
  4. "Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province" (PDF).
  5. ‘ড্রামা সার্কেল’ প্রতিষ্ঠা করলেন আকবর. Kaler Kantho (in Bengali). Retrieved 2018-05-26.
  6. "01 Joypurhat DC". Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved January 8, 2014.
  7. "02 Joypurhat Mayor". Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2014.
  8. "List of Colleges". Department of Secondary and Higher Education. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
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