2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio

2018 Ohio's 2nd congressional district election
	Wenstrup: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%; Schiller: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%; Tie: 40–50%; No votes
U.S. Representative before election; Brad Wenstrup; Republican	Elected U.S. Representative ; Brad Wenstrup; Republican

2018 Ohio's 1st congressional district election
	Chabot: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%; Pureval: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%; No votes
U.S. Representative before election; Steve Chabot; Republican	Elected U.S. Representative ; Steve Chabot; Republican

2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio
	November 6, 2018
All 16 Ohio seats to the United States House of Representatives
Turnout	54.30%
Republican 50–60% 60–70%	Democratic 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the 16 U.S. representatives from the U.S. state of Ohio, one from each of the state's 16 congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

Results summary

Statewide

Party		Candi- dates	Votes		Seats
Party		Candi- dates	No.	%	No.	+/–	%
	Republican Party	16	2,245,403	52.27%	12		75.00%
	Democratic Party	16	2,019,120	47.00%	4		25.00%
	Libertarian Party	4	22,297	0.53%	0		0.00%
	Green Party	2	7,983	0.19%	0		0.00%
	Write-in	6	124	0.00%	0		0.00%
Total		44	4,295,557	100.00%	16		100.00%

Popular vote

Republican			52.27%
Democratic			47.00%
Other			0.73%

House seats

Republican			75.00%
Democratic			25.00%

District

Results of the 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio by district:[1]

District	Republican		Democratic		Others		Total		Result

	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%
District 1	154,409	51.32%	141,118	46.90%	5,344	1.78%	300,871	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 2	166,714	57.55%	119,333	41.20%	3,614	1.25%	289,661	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 3	65,040	26.37%	181,575	73.61%	62	0.03%	246,677	100.00%	Democratic Hold
District 4	167,993	65.26%	89,412	34.74%	0	0.00%	257,405	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 5	176,569	62.26%	99,655	35.14%	7,393	2.61%	283,617	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 6	172,774	69.25%	76,716	30.75%	0	0.00%	249,490	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 7	153,117	58.74%	107,536	41.26%	0	0.00%	260,653	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 8	173,852	66.58%	87,281	33.42%	0	0.00%	261,133	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 9	74,670	32.19%	157,219	67.79%	48	0.02%	231,937	100.00%	Democratic Hold
District 10	157,554	55.93%	118,785	42.16%	5,387	1.91%	281,726	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 11	44,486	17.75%	206,138	82.24%	36	0.01%	250,660	100.00%	Democratic Hold
District 12	175,677	51.42%	161,251	47.20%	4,719	1.38%	341,647	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 13	98,047	39.01%	153,323	60.99%	0	0.00%	251,370	100.00%	Democratic Hold
District 14	169,809	55.25%	137,549	44.75%	0	0.00%	307,358	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 15	170,593	58.33%	116,112	39.71%	5,738	1.96%	292,443	100.00%	Republican Hold
District 16	170,029	56.73%	129,681	43.27%	0	0.00%	299,710	100.00%	Republican Hold
Total	2,291,333	52.00%	2,082,684	47.27%	32,341	0.73%	4,406,358	100.00%

District 1

The 1st district is based in Cincinnati, stretching southwestward to Ohio's borders with Kentucky and Indiana. Incumbent Republican Steve Chabot was re-elected with 59% of the vote in 2016. He was challenged by attorney and Hamilton County Clerk of Courts Aftab Pureval.

Nominee

Steve Chabot, incumbent U.S. Representative[2]

Eliminated in primary

Samuel Ronan, United States Air Force veteran, 2016 State House candidate and candidate for chair of the Democratic National Committee in 2017[3]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Steve Chabot (incumbent)	40,875	83.19
	Republican	Samuel Ronan	8,259	16.81
Total votes			49,134	100

Nominee

Aftab Pureval, attorney and Hamilton County Clerk of Courts[4]

Withdrawn

Robert Barr, rabbi
Laura Ann Weaver, dentist

Declined

Eric Elias, businessman[5]
Mark W. Lippert, former United States Ambassador to South Korea[6]
Todd Portune, Hamilton County Commissioner[5][7][6]
Alicia Reece, state representative[5][8][6]
P.G. Sittenfeld, Member of Cincinnati City Council and candidate for U.S. Senate in 2016[5][6]
Michele Young, attorney, author and nominee for this seat in 2016[5][6]

Campaign

Pureval raised $660,000 in the first eight weeks after announcing his candidacy with nearly 80% of the money from people local to the district. This his campaign team claimed is more than any Democratic challenger had raised in a single quarter against Chabot.[9][10]

Endorsements

Aftab Pureval

Federal officials

Barack Obama, 44th U.S. President[11]

Labor unions

Ohio AFL-CIO[12]

Political advocacy groups

Individuals

Robert Barr, withdrawn candidate[16]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Aftab Pureval	27,641	100
Total votes			27,641	100

Campaign

Despite being the strongest challenger to Chabot since his congressional comeback in 2010, the Pureval campaign was hit with two significant controversies that impacted their chances.

Firstly, he was accused of spending funds from his clerk campaign account on expenances in relation to his house campaign, in violation of Ohio election law.[17][18] The Ohio Elections Commission dismissed 28 of 29 charges brought against the campaign, before issuing them a $100 fine for the single upheld charge (which had been caused by a clerical error).[19]

Secondly, a 22-year-old Pureval volunteer managed to infiltrate the Chabot campaign and gain access a sensitive voter database.[20] After the election Pureval would "take responsibility" for the volunteer's actions and formally apologized to Chabot.[21]

Endorsements

Steve Chabot (R)

Political advocacy groups

Americans for Prosperity[22]
Ohio State Medical Association PAC[23]

Aftab Pureval (D)

Former U.S. Executive Branch officials

Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States[24]

U.S. Senators

Brian Schatz, U.S. Senator (D-HI)[25]

Labor unions

Organizations

CBC PAC[26]
CHC Bold PAC[26]
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee "Red to Blue" Program

Political advocacy groups

Polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Steve Chabot (R)	Aftab Pureval (D)	Dirk Kubala (L)	Undecided
Change Research (D)	November 2–4, 2018	457	–	47%	44%	2%	7%
NYT Upshot/Siena College	October 20–24, 2018	492	± 4.5%	50%	41%	1%	9%
NYT Upshot/Siena College	September 27 – October 1, 2018	503	± 4.6%	50%	41%	–	9%
American Viewpoint (R-CLF)	September 18–20, 2018	400	± 4.9%	46%	39%	–	–
GBA Strategies (D-Pureval)	September 11–13, 2018	500	± 4.4%	44%	46%	4%	–
Public Policy Polling (D)	April 16–17, 2018	662	± 3.7%	43%	42%	–	15%
GBA Strategies (D-Pureval)	January 11–16, 2018	400	± 4.9%	51%	45%	–	5%

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report[33]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
Inside Elections[34]	Tilt R	November 5, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
RCP[36]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
Daily Kos[37]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
538[38]	Likely R	November 7, 2018

Results

Ohio's 1st congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Steve Chabot (incumbent)	154,409	51.3
	Democratic	Aftab Pureval	141,118	46.9
	Libertarian	Dirk Kubala	5,339	1.8
	Independent	Kiumars Kiani (write-in)	5	0.0
Total votes			300,871	100.0
	Republican hold

District 2

The 2nd district takes eastern Cincinnati and its suburbs, including Norwood and Loveland, and stretches eastward along the Ohio River. The incumbent is Republican Brad Wenstrup, who has represented the district since 2013. Wenstrup was re-elected with 65% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Brad Wenstrup, incumbent U.S. Representative[39]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Brad Wenstrup (incumbent)	44,829	100.00
Total votes			44,829	100

Nominee

Jill Schiller, former special assistant in the White House Office of Management and Budget[40]

Eliminated in primary

Janet Everhard, retired physician and write-in candidate fot this seat in 2016[41]
Ken McNeely, Brown County Democratic Party central committee chairman[41]

Withdrawn

Richard L. Crosby, attorney[42][41]

Declined

Jerry Springer, talk show host, former Mayor of Cincinnati, nominee for OH-02 in 1970 and candidate for governor in 1982[43]
William R. Smith, perennial candidate[41]

Endorsements

Jill Schiller

Local officials

Greg Landsman, Member of Cincinnati City Council
P.G. Sittenfeld, Member of Cincinnati City Council and candidate for U.S. Senate in 2016

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jill Schiller	17,808	54.19
	Democratic	Janet Everhard	11,320	34.45
	Democratic	William R. Smith	3,732	11.36
Total votes			32,860	100.00

Endorsements

Jill Schiller (D)

Former U.S. Executive Branch officials

Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States[24]

U.S Senators

Sherrod Brown, U.S. Senator (2007–present)[44]
Elizabeth Warren, U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (2013–present)

U.S. Representatives

Steve Driehaus, U.S. representative from Ohio's 1st congressional district (2009–2011)
Tony Coelho, former House Majority Whip and U.S. representative from California's 15th congressional district (1979–1989)

Statewide officials

Ted Strickland, Governor of Ohio (2007–2011)

State legislators

Brigid Kelly, state representative (2017–present)

Labor unions

Political advocacy groups

Local officials

John Cranley, Mayor of Cincinnati (2013–present)
Denise Driehaus, Hamilton County Commissioner and former state representative
Greg Landsman, Member of Cincinnati City Council
Chris Seelbach, Member of Cincinnati City Council
Yvette Simpson, former Member of Cincinnati City Council
P.G. Sittenfeld, Member of Cincinnati City Council and candidate for U.S. Senate in 2016

Polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Brad Wenstrup (R)	Jill Schiller (D)	Undecided
Change Research (D)	October 27–29, 2018	431	–	52%	39%	–

Results

Ohio's 2nd congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Brad Wenstrup (incumbent)	166,714	57.6
	Democratic	Jill Schiller	119,333	41.2
	Green	Jim Condit Jr.	3,606	1.2
	Independent	David Baker (write-in)	8	0.0
Total votes			289,661	100.0
	Republican hold

District 3

2018 Ohio's 3rd congressional district election


Nominee	Joyce Beatty	Jim Burgess
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	181,575	65,040
Percentage	73.6%	26.4%

Precinct results
Beatty:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Burgess:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      >90%
Tie:      50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Joyce Beatty
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Joyce Beatty
Democratic

The 3rd district, located entirely within the borders of Franklin County, taking in inner Columbus, Bexley, Whitehall, as well as Franklin County's share of Reynoldsburg. The incumbent is Democrat Joyce Beatty, who has held the district since 2013. Beatty was re-elected with 69% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Joyce Beatty, incumbent U.S. Representative[47]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joyce Beatty (incumbent)	45,457	100
Total votes			45,457	100

Nominee

Jim Burgess[47]

Eliminated in primary

Abdulkadir M. Haji[47]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jim Burgess	9,350	93.15
	Republican	Abdulkadir M. Haji	1,422	6.85
Total votes			20,772	100

Results

Ohio's 3rd congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joyce Beatty (incumbent)	181,575	73.6
	Republican	Jim Burgess	65,040	26.4
	Independent	Millie Milam (write-in)	62	0.0
Total votes			246,677	100.0
	Democratic hold

District 4

2018 Ohio's 4th congressional district election


Nominee	Jim Jordan	Janet Garrett
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	167,993	99,655
Percentage	65.3%	34.7%

Jordan:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Garrett:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Jim Jordan
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Jim Jordan
Republican

The 4th district, nicknamed the "duck district", sprawls from the Columbus exurbs, including Marion and Lima into north-central Ohio, taking in Oberlin. The incumbent is Republican Jim Jordan, who has represented the district since 2007. Jordan was re-elected with 68% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Jim Jordan, incumbent U.S. Representative[48]

Eliminated in primary

Joseph Miller[48]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jim Jordan (incumbent)	55,767	85.34
	Republican	Joseph Miller	9,577	14.66
Total votes			65,344	100

Nominee

Janet Garrett, retired teacher and nominee for this seat in 2014 & 2016[49]

Eliminated in primary

Cody James Slatzer-Rose, software developer[48]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Janet Garrett	17,507	83.80
	Democratic	Cody James Slatzer-Rose	3,385	16.20
Total votes			20,892	100

Endorsements

Janet Garrett (D)

Organizations

MoveOn[31]

Polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Jim Jordan (R)	Janet Garrett (D)	Undecided
Change Research (D)	November 2–4, 2018	350	–	60%	36%	–

Results

Ohio's 4th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jim Jordan (incumbent)	167,993	65.3
	Democratic	Janet Garrett	99,655	34.7
Total votes			257,405	100.0
	Republican hold

District 5

2018 Ohio's 5th congressional district election


Nominee	Bob Latta	J. Michael Galbraith
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	173,894	97,352
Percentage	62.5%	34.5%

Latta:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Galbraith:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Tie:      40–50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Bob Latta
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Bob Latta
Republican

The 5th district encompasses Northwestern Ohio, taking in Findlay, Defiance, and Bowling Green. The incumbent is Republican Bob Latta, who has represented the district since 2007. Latta was re-elected with 71% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Bob Latta, incumbent U.S. Representative[50]

Eliminated in primary

Bob Kreienkamp[51]
Todd Wolfrum, Van Wert County Commissioner[52]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bob Latta (incumbent)	45,453	73.76
	Republican	Todd Wolfrum	10,311	16.73
	Republican	Robert Kreienkamp	5,861	9.51
Total votes			61,625	100

Nominee

J. Michael Galbraith, Bowling Green State University teacher[53]

Eliminated in primary

James L. Neu, Jr.,employee of Chrysler's Toledo machining plant and nominee for this seat in 2016[53]+

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	J. Michael Galbraith	19,105	73.25
	Democratic	James L. Neu, Jr.	6,976	26.75
Total votes			26,081	100

Results

Ohio's 5th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bob Latta (incumbent)	176,569	62.3
	Democratic	J. Michael Galbraith	99,655	35.1
	Libertarian	Don Kissick	7,393	2.6
Total votes			283,617	100.0
	Republican hold

District 6

2018 Ohio's 6th congressional district election


Nominee	Bill Johnson	Shawna Roberts
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	169,668	75,196
Percentage	69.3%	30.7%

Johnson:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Roberts:      50–60%      60–70%
Tie:      50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Bill Johnson
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Bill Johnson
Republican

The 6th district encompasses Appalachian Ohio, including Steubenville, Marietta, and Ironton. The incumbent is Republican Bill Johnson, who has represented the district since 2011. Johnson was re-elected with 71% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Bill Johnson, incumbent U.S. Representative[54]

Eliminated in primary

Robert Blazek, businessman[55]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bill Johnson (incumbent)	49,849	84.1
	Republican	Robert Blazek	9,412	15.9
Total votes			59,261	100

Nominee

Shawna Roberts, Belmont County resident and former small business owner[56]

Eliminated in primary

Werner Lange, former delegate for Bernie Sanders[57]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Shawna Roberts	21,809	74.5
	Democratic	Werner Lange	7,480	25.5
Total votes			29,289	100

Results

Ohio's 6th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bill Johnson (incumbent)	172,774	69.2
	Democratic	Shawna Roberts	76,716	30.8
Total votes			249,490	100.0
	Republican hold

District 7

2018 Ohio's 7th congressional district election


Nominee	Bob Gibbs	Ken Harbaugh
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	153,117	107,536
Percentage	58.74%	41.26%

Gibbs:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Harbaugh:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Bob Gibbs
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Bob Gibbs
Republican

The 7th district is based in northeastern Ohio, and includes the city of Canton. The incumbent is Republican Bob Gibbs, who has represented the district since 2013. Gibbs was re-elected with 64% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Bob Gibbs, incumbent U.S. Representative

Eliminated in primary

Terry Robertson, truck driver, real estate agent and candidate for this seat 2016[48]
Patrick Quinn, internet technician[48]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bob Gibbs (incumbent)	41,954	78.0
	Republican	Patrick Quinn	6,158	11.4
	Republican	Terry Robertson	5,699	10.6
Total votes			52,811	100

Nominee

Ken Harbaugh, United States Navy veteran and president of Team Rubicon Global[58]

Eliminated in primary

Patrick Pikus, manager at The Timken Company[48]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ken Harbaugh	23,880	80.3
	Democratic	Patrick Pikus	5,875	19.7
Total votes			29,755	100

General election

Ken Harbaugh (D)

Former U.S. Executive Branch officials

Joe Biden, former Vice President of the United States[59]

U.S. Senators

Sherrod Brown, U.S. Senator (2007–present)
Tammy Duckworth, U.S. Senator from Illinois (2017–present)
Russ Feingold, U.S. Senator from Wisconsin (1993–2011)

U.S. Representative

Marcia Fudge, U.S. Representative from Ohio's 11th congressional district (2008–present)
Marcy Kaptur, U.S. Representative from Ohio's 9th congressional district (1983–present)
Dan Kildee, U.S. Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district (2013–present)
Seth Moulton, U.S. Representative from Massachusetts's 6th congressional district (2015–present)
Scott Peters, U.S. Representative from California's 52nd congressional district (2013–present)
Tim Ryan, U.S. Representative from Ohio's 12th congressional district (2003–present)
Jan Schakowsky, U.S. Representative from Illinois's 9th congressional district (2013–present)
Zack Space, U.S. Representative from Ohio's 18th congressional district (2007–2011)

Statewide officials

Howard Dean, former Governor of Vermont and candidate for President of the United States in 2004

Labor unions

Political advocacy groups

Newspapers

Individuals

Stanley A. McChrystal, retired Army General[60]

Polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Bob Gibbs (R)	Ken Harbaugh (D)	Other	Undecided
Optimus/DDHQ	October 31 – November 1, 2018	800	± 3.45%	55%	36%	1%[61]	8%
Change Research (D-Harbaugh)	October 25–26, 2018	682	–	49%	43%	–	–
The Mellman Group (D-Harbaugh)	October 3–6, 2018	400	± 4.9%	45%	38%	–	–

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report[33]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Inside Elections[34]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
RCP[36]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Daily Kos[37]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
538[38]	Safe R	November 7, 2018

Results

Ohio's 7th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bob Gibbs (incumbent)	153,117	58.7
	Democratic	Ken Harbaugh	107,536	41.3
Total votes			260,653	100.0
	Republican hold

District 8

2018 Ohio's 8th congressional district election


Nominee	Warren Davidson	Vanessa Enoch
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	173,852	87,281
Percentage	66.6%	33.4%

Davidson:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Enoch:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Warren Davidson
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Warren Davidson
Republican

The 8th district takes in the northern suburbs of Cincinnati, including Butler County, as well as taking in Springfield. The incumbent is Republican Warren Davidson, who has represented the district since 2016. Davidson was re-elected with 69% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Warren Davidson, incumbent U.S. Representative[62]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Warren Davidson (incumbent)	51,654	100
Total votes			51,654	100

Nominee

Vanessa Enoch, management consultant

Eliminated in primary

Bill Ebben
Matthew J. Guyette, paralegal
Ted Jones

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Vanessa Enoch	11,343	57.8
	Democratic	Ted Jones	3,201	16.3
	Democratic	Matthew J. Guyette	2,688	13.7
	Democratic	Bill Ebben	2,382	12.1
Total votes			19,614	100

Results

Ohio's 8th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Warren Davidson (incumbent)	173,852	66.6
	Democratic	Vanessa Enoch	87,281	33.4
Total votes			261,133	100.0
	Republican hold

District 9

2018 Ohio's 9th congressional district election


Nominee	Marcy Kaptur	Steven Kraus
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	157,219	74,670
Percentage	67.8%	32.2%

Kaptur:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Kraus:      50–60%      60–70%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Marcy Kaptur
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Marcy Kaptur
Democratic

The 9th district spans the coast of Lake Erie from Toledo to the west side of Cleveland, taking in Port Clinton, Sandusky, Lorain, Lakewood, Brook Park, and Brooklyn. The incumbent is Democrat Marcy Kaptur, who has represented the district since 1983. Kaptur was re-elected with 69% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Marcy Kaptur, incumbent U.S. Representative[48]

Eliminated in primary

Joshua Garcia, taxi driver[48]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Marcy Kaptur (incumbent)	41,093	85.6
	Democratic	Joshua Garcia	6,916	14.4
Total votes			48,009	100

Nominee

Steve Kraus, former state representative and convicted felon[48]

Eliminated in primary

Keith Colton[48]
W. Benjamin Franklin[48]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Steve Kraus	10,284	49.5
	Republican	Keith Colton	6,197	29.8
	Republican	W. Benjamin Franklin	4,303	20.7
Total votes			20,784	100

Results

Ohio's 9th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Marcy Kaptur (incumbent)	157,219	67.8
	Republican	Steve Kraus	74,670	32.2
	Independent	McKenzie Levindofske (write-in)	48	0.0
Total votes			231,937	100.0
	Democratic hold

District 10

2018 Ohio's 10th congressional district election


Nominee	Mike Turner	Theresa Gasper
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	157,554	118,785
Percentage	55.9%	42.2%

Turner:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Gasper:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      40–50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Mike Turner
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Mike Turner
Republican

The 10th district encompasses the Dayton metro area, including Dayton and the surrounding suburbs. The incumbent is Republican Mike Turner, who has represented the district since 2013. Turner was re-elected with 64% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Theresa Gasper, business owner[63]

Eliminated in primary

Robert Klepinger
Michael Milisits[64]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Theresa Gasper	22,817	67.0
	Democratic	Robert Klepinger	8,717	25.6
	Democratic	Michael Milisits	2,496	7.3
Total votes			34,030	100

Nominee

Mike Turner, incumbent U.S. Representative

Eliminated in primary

John Anderson, civilian air force acquisition logistics and sustainment manager and candidate for this seat in 2012 & 2014
John Mitchell

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Mike Turner (incumbent)	42,686	79.8
	Republican	John Anderson	6,150	11.5
	Republican	John Mitchell	4,637	8.7
Total votes			53,473	100

Endorsements

Theresa Gasper (D)

Organizations

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report[33]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
Inside Elections[34]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
RCP[36]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
Daily Kos[37]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
538[38]	Likely R	November 7, 2018

Results

Ohio's 10th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Mike Turner (incumbent)	157,554	55.9
	Democratic	Theresa Gasper	118,785	42.2
	Libertarian	Dave Harlow	5,387	1.9
Total votes			281,726	100.0
	Republican hold

District 11

2018 Ohio's 11th congressional district election


Nominee	Marcia Fudge	Beverly Goldstein
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	157,219	44,486
Percentage	82.2%	17.7%

Fudge:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Goldstein:      50–60%      60–70%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Marcia Fudge
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Marcia Fudge
Democratic

The 11th district takes in eastern Cleveland and its suburbs, including Euclid, Cleveland Heights, and Warrensville Heights, as well as stretching southward into Richfield and parts of Akron. The incumbent is Democrat Marcia Fudge, who has represented the district since 2008. Fudge was re-elected with 80% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Marcia Fudge, incumbent U.S. Representative[48]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Marcia Fudge (incumbent)	64,897	99.34
	Democratic	Felicia Washington Ross	432	0.66
Total votes			65,329	100

Nominee

Beverly Goldstein, former university professor and nominee for this seat in 2016[48]

Eliminated in primary

Gregory P. Dunham[48]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Beverly A. Goldstein	6,922	52.5
	Republican	Gregory P. Dunham	6,258	47.5
Total votes			13,180	100

Results

Ohio's 11th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Marcia Fudge (incumbent)	206,138	82.2
	Republican	Beverly A. Goldstein	44,486	17.8
	Independent	James Jerome Bell (write-in)	36	0.0
Total votes			250,660	100.0
	Democratic hold

District 12

2018 Ohio's 12th congressional district election


Nominee	Troy Balderson	Danny O'Connor
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	175,677	161,251
Percentage	51.4%	47.2%

Balderson:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
O'Connor:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      40–50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Troy Balderson
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Troy Balderson
Republican

The 12th district encompasses the northern Columbus metro area, taking in the northern Columbus suburbs, including Dublin, Westerville, Gahanna, and New Albany, as well as, Newark, Mansfield, and Zanesville. Republican Pat Tiberi was the representative of the district until his resignation on January 15, 2018.[66] A special election was held on August 7, 2018, to fill the vacancy until January 3, 2019.

Nominee

Troy Balderson, state senator and former state representative[67][68]

Eliminated in primary

John Adams, perennial candidate[47][68]
Kevin Bacon, state senator[47][68]
Lawrence Cohen, attorney[69][68]
Jon Halverstadt, real estate investor[47][68]
Tim Kane, conservative economist[47][68]
Melanie Leneghan, Liberty Township Trustee[47][68]
Pat Manley[47][68]
Carol O'Brien, Delaware County Prosecutor[70][68]
Myrl Shoemaker, Jr., son of former lieutenant governor Myrl Shoemaker[47][68]

Declined

Andrew Brenner, state representative (running for state senate)
Anne Gonzales, state representative (running for state senate)
John Kasich, Governor and former U.S. Representative
Clarence Mingo, Franklin County Auditor (endorsed Kevin Bacon)[71]
J. D. Vance, author and venture capitalist

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Troy Balderson	19,552	28.72
	Republican	Melanie Leneghan	18,777	27.58
	Republican	Tim Kane	11,491	16.88
	Republican	Kevin Bacon	9,711	14.26
	Republican	Carol O'Brien	4,415	6.48
	Republican	Jon Halverstadt	1,130	1.66
	Republican	Pat Manley	802	1.18
	Republican	Lawrence Cohen	798	1.17
	Republican	Myrl Shoemaker, Jr.	788	1.17
	Republican	John Adams	618	0.91
Total votes			68,802	100

Nominee

Danny O'Connor, Franklin County Auditor[47][68]

Eliminated in primary

Ed Albertson, businessman and candidate for this seat 2016[72][68]
Jackie Patton, nurse[47][68]
John Peters, teacher[72][68]
John Russell, farmer[67][68]
Zach Scott, former Franklin County Sheriff and candidate for Mayor of Columbus in the 2015[67][68]
Doug Wilson, healthcare professional[67][68]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Danny O'Connor	18,211	40.52
	Democratic	John Russell	7,310	16.27
	Democratic	Zach Scott	7,236	16.10
	Democratic	Jackie Patton	6,299	14.02
	Democratic	Ed Albertson	3,531	7.86
	Democratic	Doug Wilson	1,683	3.74
	Democratic	John Peters	670	1.49
Total votes			44,940	100.0

Endorsements

Danny O'Connor (D)

Organizations

Polling

Poll source	Dates administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Troy Balderson (R)	Danny O'Connor (D)	Joe Manchik (G)	Undecided
GBA Strategies (D-O'Connor)	October 20–22, 2018	570	± 4.9%	47%	47%	4%	–
Clarity Campaign Labs (D)	October 11–13, 2018	639	± 3.87%	48%	46%	–	6%
GBA Strategies (D-O'Connor)	September 4–6, 2018	500	–	47%	46%	–	–

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report[33]	Tossup	November 5, 2018
Inside Elections[34]	Tossup	November 5, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
RCP[36]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
Daily Kos[37]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
538[38]	Lean R	November 7, 2018

Results

Ohio's 12th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Troy Balderson (incumbent)	175,677	51.4
	Democratic	Danny O'Connor	161,251	47.2
	Green	Joe Manchik	4,718	1.4
	Independent	Marc Fagin (write-in)	1	0.0
Total votes			341,647	100.0
	Republican hold

District 13

2018 Ohio's 13th congressional district election


Nominee	Tim Ryan	Chris DePizzo
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	153,323	98,047
Percentage	61.0%	39.0%

Ryan:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
DePizzo:      50–60%      60–70%
Tie:      50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Tim Ryan
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Tim Ryan
Democratic

The 13th district covers the Mahoning Valley in northeastern Ohio, including Youngstown and eastern parts of Akron. The incumbent is Democrat Tim Ryan, who has represented the district since 2013. Ryan was re-elected with 68% of the vote in 2016.[73]

Nominee

Tim Ryan, incumbent U.S. Representative[73]

Eliminated in primary

Robert Crow
John Stephen Luchansky, perennial candidate

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Tim Ryan (incumbent)	54,473	87.17
	Democratic	John Stephen Luchansky	4,853	7.77
	Democratic	Robert Crow	3,166	5.07
Total votes			62,492	100

Nominee

Chris DePizzo, attorney[74]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Chris DePizzo	24,100	100
Total votes			24,100	100

Results

Ohio's 13th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Tim Ryan (incumbent)	153,323	61.0
	Republican	Chris DePizzo	98,047	39.0
Total votes			251,370	100.0
	Democratic hold

District 14

2018 Ohio's 14th congressional district election


Nominee	David Joyce	Betsy Rader
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	169,809	137,549
Percentage	55.2%	44.6%

Joyce:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
Rader:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

David Joyce
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

David Joyce
Republican

The 14th district is located in Northeast Ohio, taking in the eastern suburbs and exurbs of Cleveland, including Mayfield Heights, Solon, and Independence, as well as Ashtabula, Lake, and Geauga counties, northern Portage County, and northeastern Summit County. The incumbent is Republican David Joyce, who has represented the district since 2013. Joyce was re-elected with 63% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

David Joyce, incumbent U.S. Representative[48]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	David Joyce (incumbent)	49,986	100.00
Total votes			49,986	100.00

Nominee

Betsy Rader, attorney[75]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Betsy Rader	35,747	100
Total votes			35,747	100

Endorsements

Betsy Rader (D)

Organizations

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report[33]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
Inside Elections[34]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35]	Lean R	November 5, 2018
RCP[36]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
Daily Kos[37]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
538[38]	Likely R	November 7, 2018

Results

Ohio's 14th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	David Joyce (incumbent)	169,809	55.2
	Democratic	Betsy Rader	137,549	44.6
Total votes			307,358	100.0
	Republican hold

District 15

2018 Ohio's 15th congressional district election


Nominee	Steve Stivers	Rick Neal
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	170,593	116,112
Percentage	58.3%	39.7%

Stivers:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Neal:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      40–50%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Steve Stivers
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Steve Stivers
Republican

The 15th district encompasses the southern Columbus metro area, taking in the western and eastern suburbs of Columbus, including Upper Arlington, Hilliard, and Grove City, as well as Athens. The incumbent is Republican Steve Stivers, who has represented the district since 2011. Stivers was re-elected with 66% of the vote in 2016.

Nominee

Steve Stivers, incumbent U.S. Representative[47]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Steve Stivers (incumbent)	49,220	100.00
Total votes			49,220	100.00

Nominee

Rick Neal, former Peace Corps volunteer and international aid worker[76]

Eliminated in primary

Rob Jarvis, high school government teacher[77]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Rick Neal	22,123	63.56
	Democratic	Rob Jarvis	12,681	36.44
Total votes			34,804	100

Independents

Johnathan Miller (Libertarian)[lower-alpha 1]

Notes

Libertarian Party does not have ballot access. Appears on ballot as "Independent."[78][79]

Endorsements

Rick Neal (D)

Organizations

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report[33]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Inside Elections[34]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35]	Likely R	November 5, 2018
RCP[36]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Daily Kos[37]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
538[38]	Safe R	November 7, 2018

Results

Ohio's 15th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Steve Stivers (incumbent)	170,593	58.3
	Democratic	Rick Neal	116,112	39.7
	Libertarian	Jonathan Miller	5,738	2.0
Total votes			292,443	100.0
	Republican hold

District 16

2018 Ohio's 16th congressional district election


Nominee	Anthony Gonzalez	Susan Moran Palmer
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	170,029	129,681
Percentage	56.7%	43.3%

Gonzalez:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Palmer:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
     No votes

U.S. Representative before election

Jim Renacci
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Anthony Gonzalez
Republican

The 16th district takes in the western suburbs of Cleveland, including Westlake, Parma, and Strongsville, as well Medina, Norton, and North Canton. The incumbent is Republican Jim Renacci, who has represented the district since 2011. Renacci was re-elected with 65% of the vote in 2016. Renacci is running for U.S. Senate instead of re-election in 2018.[80]

Nominee

Anthony Gonzalez, former NFL player[81]

Eliminated in primary

Christina Hagan, state representative[82]
Michael Grusenmeyer, physician[48]

Withdrawn

Darrell Hartman [83]
Tom Patton, state representative and former State Senator[83][84]

Declined

Ron Amstutz, Wayne County Commissioner and former state representative[85]
Rob Frost, Chairman of the Cuyahoga County Republican Party[85][86]
Frank LaRose, State Senator (running for Secretary of State)[85][87]
Larry Obhof, President of the Ohio Senate[85]
Jim Renacci, incumbent U.S. Representative (running for U.S. Senate)[80]
Kristina Roegner, state representative[85]
Mary Taylor, Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (running for Governor)[85][88]
Jane Timken, Chairman of the Ohio Republican Party[85]
Scott Wiggam, state representative[85]

Endorsements

Anthony Gonzalez

Marco Rubio, U.S. Senator from Florida[89]
Bob Gibbs, U.S. Representative (OH-7)[90]
The Plain Dealer[91]

Christina Hagan

Jan Brewer, former Arizona Governor[92]
Wayne Dupree, radio host[93]
Sebastian Gorka, former deputy assistant to President Trump[94]
Jim Jordan, congressman (OH-4)[95]
Mark Meadows, congressman (NC-11)[96]
Anthony Scaramucci, former White House Communications Director[97]
Darrell C. Scott, pastor[98]
Joe Walsh, former congressman and radio host[99]
Ron Young, state representative[100]
Tom Zawistowski, president of the We the People Convention[101]
Veterans for Trump[102]
Ohio Value Voters[103]
First Freedom Ohio[104]
Susan B. Anthony List[105]
Students for Trump[106]
Cuyahoga Valley Republicans[107]
NRA Political Victory Fund[108]
Family Research Council[109]

Primary results

Republican primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Anthony Gonzalez	34,056	53.06
	Republican	Christina Hagan	26,185	40.79
	Republican	Michael Grusenmeyer	3,946	6.15
Total votes			64,187	100

Nominee

Susan Moran Palmer, health industry professional[48]

Eliminated in primary

Mark Dent, attorney and U.S. Army Veteran[110][48]
Aaron Godfrey, scientist[83][48]
Grant Goodrich, head of the Great Lakes Energy Institute at Case Western Reserve University and U.S. Marine Corp veteran [48]
Jennifer Herold, occupational therapist[111][48]
T.J. Mulloy, insurance and investment broker[48]
John Wilson[48]

Declined

Dean DePiero, former Mayor of Parma and former state representative[85]
Betty Sutton, former Administrator of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation and former U.S. Representative (running for Lieutenant Governor)[85][112]

Primary results

Democratic primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Susan Moran Palmer	14,361	34.64
	Democratic	Grant Goodrich	11,621	28.03
	Democratic	T.J. Mulloy	6,462	15.58
	Democratic	Mark Dent	3,902	9.41
	Democratic	Aaron Godfrey	3,262	7.87
	Democratic	John Wilson	1,855	4.47
Total votes			41,463	100

Polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Anthony Gonzalez (R)	Susan Moran Palmer (D)	Undecided
TargetPoint (R)	October 14–16, 2018	424	–	48%	39%	–

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report[33]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Inside Elections[34]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
RCP[36]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
Daily Kos[37]	Safe R	November 5, 2018
538[38]	Likely R	November 7, 2018

Results

Ohio's 16th congressional district, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Anthony Gonzalez	170,029	56.7
	Democratic	Susan Moran Palmer	129,681	43.3
Total votes			299,710	100.0
	Republican hold

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"Endorsements". kenharbaughforcongress.com. Archived from the original on November 1, 2018. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
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"Will not vote" with 1%
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Wehrman, Jessica (October 19, 2017). "Pat Tiberi announces resignation from Congress". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved October 20, 2017.
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"Tom Z and We the People Convention endorse Christina Hagan for Congress in OH-16". Hagan for Congress. March 19, 2018. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
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"First Freedom Ohio endorses Christina Hagan for Congress". Hagan for Congress. March 8, 2018. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
"Nat'l Pro-life Group Endorses Christina Hagan in OH-16". Susan B. Anthony List. March 27, 2018. Archived from the original on April 6, 2018.
@RepHagan (April 3, 2018). "I am so proud of @TrumpStudents endorsement!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.
@RepHagan (April 5, 2018). "What an honor to be endorsed by the Cuyahoga Valley Republicans!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.
@RepHagan (April 9, 2018). "I am honored to have the @NRA's endorsement!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.
@RepHagan (April 20, 2018). "What an honor to be endorsed by @FRCAction!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.
Wang, Robert. "Tom Patton drops out of 16th Congressional District race". The Repository. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
"Jennifer Herold". Scary Mommy. Archived from the original on October 15, 2017. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
"Betty Sutton to become Richard Cordray's running mate in Ohio governor's race, AP reports". The Plain Dealer. January 9, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2018.

External links

Official campaign websites of first district candidates

Official campaign websites of second district candidates

Official campaign websites of third district candidates

Official campaign websites of fourth district candidates

Official campaign websites of fifth district candidates

Official campaign websites of sixth district candidates

Official campaign websites of seventh district candidates

Official campaign websites of eighth district candidates

Official campaign websites of ninth district candidates

Official campaign websites of tenth district candidates

Official campaign websites of eleventh district candidates

Official campaign websites of twelfth district candidates

Official campaign websites of thirteenth district candidates

Tim Ryan (D) for Congress Archived 2017-04-06 at the Wayback Machine
Chris DePizzo (R) for Congress

Official campaign websites of fourteenth district candidates

Betsy Rader (D) for Congress Archived 2017-04-24 at the Wayback Machine
David Joyce (R) for Congress

Official campaign websites of fifteenth district candidates

Johnathan Miller (L) for Congress
Rick Neal (D) for Congress Archived 2017-08-22 at the Wayback Machine
Steve Stivers (R) for Congress

Official campaign websites of sixteenth district candidates

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[80] Libertarian Party does not have ballot access. Appears on ballot as "Independent."[78][79]

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[renaccisenate-81] Shesgreen, Deirdre (January 10, 2018). "U.S. Rep. Jim Renacci to leave governor's race for U.S. Senate". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved January 11, 2018.

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[90] Andrew J. Tobias (December 5, 2017). "Marco Rubio endorses Anthony Gonzalez in Ohio congressional race". The Plain Dealer.

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[94] "Wayne Dupree endorses Christina Hagan for Congress". Hagan for Congress. March 12, 2018. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2018.

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[100] Joe Walsh [@WalshFreedom] (December 1, 2017). "Christina Hagan is the real deal. Washington, DC needs a total makeover. That won't happen unless we send disruptors like Christina there" (Tweet) – via Twitter.

[101] @RepHagan (April 21, 2018). "Thank you to my colleague, Ron Young, for his endorsement!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.

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[103] "Vets For Trump Endorses Christina Hagan #MAGA #Ohio". Veterans for Trump. December 2, 2017. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2018.

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[108] @RepHagan (April 5, 2018). "What an honor to be endorsed by the Cuyahoga Valley Republicans!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.

[109] @RepHagan (April 9, 2018). "I am honored to have the @NRA's endorsement!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.

[110] @RepHagan (April 20, 2018). "What an honor to be endorsed by @FRCAction!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 14, 2021 – via Twitter.

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