Japanese aircraft carrier Kumano Maru
Kumano Maru (熊野丸) was a landing craft carrier with a small flight deck built for the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. Launched and completed in early 1945, the ship saw no significant action.
 | |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Operators |  Imperial Japanese Army |
| Preceded by | Yamashio Maru class |
| Succeeded by | None |
| Built | 1944–1945 |
| In commission | 1945 |
| Planned | 1 |
| Completed | 1 |
| Scrapped | 1 |
| History | |
 Empire of Japan | |
| Name | Kumano Maru |
| Builder | Hitachi Shipbuilding, Innoshima |
| Laid down | 15 August 1944 |
| Launched | 28 January 1945 |
| Completed | 31 March 1945 |
| In service | 1945–1947 |
| Captured | 15 August 1945 |
| Fate | Sold 1947, scrapped, 1948 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Landing craft carrier |
| Displacement | 8,258 tonnes (8,128 long tons) |
| Length | 152.7 m (501 ft 0 in) |
| Beam | 19.58 m (64.2 ft) |
| Draught | 7 m (23 ft 0 in) (mean) |
| Installed power | |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph) |
| Range | 6,000 nmi (11,000 km; 6,900 mi) @ 17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph) |
| Armament |
|
| Aircraft carried | 8 to 37 |
| Aviation facilities | takeoff-only flight deck |
Construction
Kumano Maru was laid down at the Hitachi Shipbuilding yard at Innoshima as a standard Type M wartime cargo ship. The ship was taken over by the Army during construction, redesigned as a landing craft transport, and designated a Type B landing ship. It could carry up to a dozen 17.1-metre (56 ft) and thirteen 14.0-metre (46 ft) landing craft in its hold. They were launched on rails through two large doors in the stern.[1]
The ship was also designed to transport anywhere from 8 to 37 aircraft, depending on their size and the number of landing craft aboard. A 110.0 by 21.3 metres (361 by 70 ft) flight deck was mounted above the main deck with an elevator aft. This permitted the stored aircraft to be flown off the ship to onshore airfields. The deck was not large enough to allow aircraft to land. The ship's funnel was mounted on the starboard side and vented horizontally outward to keep the flight deck clear.[1]
Operational history
Kumano Maru was launched 28 January 1945 and completed on 31 March. She survived the war, and was used until 1947 to repatriate Japanese forces abroad. The ship was sold to Kawasaki Kisen K. K. Line in 1947 and converted to a conventional merchant ship. Afterward, she was scrapped in 1948.
Notes
- Gardiner, p. 214
Bibliography
- Chesneau, Roger (1995). Aircraft Carriers of the World, 1914 to the Present: An Illustrated Encyclopedia (New, revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-902-2.
- Chesneau, Roger, ed. (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Fukui, Shizuo (1991). Japanese Naval Vessels at the End of World War II. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 1-85367-125-8.
- Hackett, Bob; Cundall, Peter (2010). "IJA Landing Craft Depot Ship KUMANO MARU: Tabular Record of Movement". CombinedFleet.com. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
- Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Jung, Dieter; Mickel, Peter (1977). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
- Polmar, Norman; Genda, Minoru (2006). Aircraft Carriers: A History of Carrier Aviation and Its Influence on World Events. Vol. 1, 1909–1945. Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books. ISBN 1-57488-663-0.