Jazłowiec College

Jazłowiec (uk: Язловець, romanized: Yazlovets) was a Polish language Catholic lyceum founded in 1863 by the Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary ("Niepokalanki" in Polish), expressly for the education of girls and young women.[1][2] It took its name from its location at the time, Jazłowiec, on the Olchowiec (uk: Vilchivchik) river, a tributary of the Strypa, 16 km south of Buchach, Tarnopol Voivodeship, Galicia, now in Ukraine. During its 80-year existence it acquired great prestige for an institution of its kind and led to the order's educational expansion across land which is now Poland, Belarus and Ukraine.

Jazłowiec College
Zakład Naukowo-Wychowawczy Sióstr Niepokalanek w Jazłowcu
Aerial view of Jazłowiec college in 1910
Other name
Комплекс споруд Язловецької єзуїтської колегії
TypeRoman Catholic boarding school for girls
Active1863 (1863)–1939
Religious affiliation
Roman Catholic
Address
Yazlovets, Buchach Raion, Ukraine
,
Tarnopil
,
formerly Galicia (Eastern Europe) in Austria-Hungary, then Poland, now Ukraine
Patron saintBlessed Virgin Mary of the Immaculate Conception

History

In 1862, Krzysztof Błażowski, latest of the Jazłowiec estate owners, decided to donate his classical Poniatowski palace to a charitable cause. In 1863 he placed it and the estate in the hands of the Polish noblewoman, widow and mystic, Marcelina Darowska, for the establishment of a convent for her new religious order, the Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and for a girls secondary school and other educational provision among the local rural population. Although the palace was in a dilapidated state, it offered 62 rooms and had internal running water. There were a spacious ballroom to convert into a chapel and extensive grounds and this pleased Darowska. She set to work with her team to rehabilitate the estate in time to welcome the first intake of pupils. The roll would eventually reach 120.[3] The Sisters swiftly established the boarding school in Jazłowiec itself, for the children of wealthy families, which was attended by Darowska's own daughter, Karolina.[4] A network of rural elementary schools was also set up.

Curriculum
Jazłowiec former convent school courtyard

Darowska's avowed aim in founding a community of sisters dedicated to education was to improve the place of women in society.[5] The school pioneered a range of subjects for girls, from Polish and foreign languages and literature, through history and geography to mathematics and science subjects. Other topics included music and art, PE, religious instruction and civics in light of the partitioned nature of Poland as a political entity. There was a particular accent, before 1918, on patriotism and catholicism as a counterweight to the threat presented to Polish heritage and identity in all three of the adjacent powers occupying the erstwhile state, Austria-Hungary, Prussia and the Russian Empire, where germanisation and russification were dominant.[4] Although not all the pupils, especially those local to the school, came from wealthy or intellectual circles, the majority did.[3] The school proved so popular with families, that in 1873 the construction of another project began in Jarosław on the river San at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains. Others were to follow, beyond the "Mother house".[2]

School network
Marcelina Darowska

The convent in Słonim in Lithuania in the Russian Partition was in an environment of acute repression such that the sisters had to work in secret for the first 11 years.[5] After 50 years of activity as superior of the congregation, at her death on 5 January 1911 in Jazłowiec, Darowska left seven convents and a community of 350 sisters. In recent years the last three schools of the order have become co-educational, with boarding facilities confined to female pupils.[2]

Notable associated people
Zofia Szembekówna
Standard of the 14th Jazlowiec Uhlan Regiment, Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum, London

See also

References
  1. Knop, Marcelina (2016). "Wychowanie dziewcząt w działalności i poglądach bł. Marceliny Darowskiej" (PDF) (in Polish). cejsh.icm.edu.pl. Retrieved 21 March 2022. (Abstract in English) or see: Knop, Marcelina. "Upbringing of Girls as Reflected in the Activities and Views of Blessed Marcelina Darowska" Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, vol.38, no.s1, 2018, pp.213-226. https://doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2018.38.33
  2. "Marcelina Darowska". www.niepokalanki.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 17 March 2022.
  3. "Zamek i pałac w Jazłowcu". polonika.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  4. Szembek, Krystyna (1938). Jazłowiec (in Polish). Jazłowiec: SS. Niep. Poczęcia Najśw. Maryi Panny. p. 205.
  5. "Bł. Marii Marceliny Darowskiej". pl.aleteia.org (in Polish). Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  6. She translated from the English, Fabiola or The Church of the Catacombs (1854) by Nicholas Wiseman
  7. Kulesza M. (2019). "Amazonka, malarka, zakonnica. O Celinie Michałowskiej", Tematy i Konteksty, no. 9 (14), p. 540-567. (in Polish)
  8. Wolny, J. (2001). "Młodość i pierwsze lata działalności Adama Stefana Sapiehy" in Bogacz, R. (ed.) Książę Niezłomny. Kardynał Adam Stefan Sapieha, Kraków. p. 84. (in Polish)
  9. Czajkowska, Agata (June 2021). "Krystyna Skarbek" (PDF). muzeum-niepodleglosci.pl (in Polish). p. 36. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  10. Koło Ułanów Jazłowieckich, Dzieje Ułanów Jazłowieckich. Praca zbiorowa. Wyd., 'Odnowa', London, 1988. 416 pages. A history published by London-based veterans of the regiment (in Polish)


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