Josiah Gardner Abbott

Josiah Gardner Abbott (November 1, 1814 – June 2, 1891) was an American politician who served in the Massachusetts General Court and as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.

Josiah Gardner Abbott
Abbott c. 1870s
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 4th district
In office
July 28, 1876  March 3, 1877
Preceded byRufus S. Frost
Succeeded byLeopold Morse
Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
In office
1836
Member of the Massachusetts Senate
In office
1841–1842
Personal details
Born(1814-11-01)November 1, 1814
Chelmsford, Massachusetts
DiedJune 2, 1891(1891-06-02) (aged 76)
Wellesley, Massachusetts
Resting placeSt. Mary's Church Cemetery
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseCaroline Livermore
Alma materHarvard University
Williams College
OccupationTeacher, lawyer
Signature

Early life

Abbott was born in Chelmsford, Middlesex County, Massachusetts on 1 November 1814.[1] He was the son of Caleb Abbott (1779–1846) and Mercy Abbott (1782–1834).[2] His first American ancestors, George Abbott and William Fletcher, were English Puritans, who settled in Massachusetts in 1640 and 1653, respectively.[1]

He attended the Chelmsford Academy in Concord and graduated from Harvard University in 1832 with high honors, the youngest of his class,[1] and then attended Williams College in Williamstown.[2] In 1862, Williams conferred on him the degree of LL.D.[1]

Career

Following his schooling, Abbott worked as a teacher and a lawyer, then became a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1836. In 1837, he was admitted to the bar and began practice in Lowell, the same year, he was elected to the house of representatives of his state, the youngest member of that body.[1] He became a member of the Massachusetts State Senate from 1841 to 1842. He was an aide to Governor Marcus Morton in 1843. From 1850 to 1855 he was a master in chancery. He also served as a member of the Massachusetts state constitutional convention, justice of the superior court for Suffolk County, an overseer of Harvard University, and several times was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for United States Senator.

In 1860, Abbott declined an appointment to the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, and in 1861 declined the Democratic nomination for state attorney general. He finally was victorious as a Democratic candidate for the United States House of Representatives, and served from July 28, 1876 to March 3, 1877. He was a member of the Electoral Commission created by the act of Congress approved January 29, 1877, to decide the presidential election of 1876.

Upon leaving the Congress, he returned to the practice of law. His fifty years of active practice as a lawyer connected his name with some of the most celebrated litigations of his time.[1]

Personal life

Abbott was married to Caroline Livermore (1814–1887), the daughter of U.S. Congressman Edward St. Loe Livermore.[3] Both of Josiah and Caroline were descended from officers who served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.[4] Together, they were the parents of:[2]

He died at his home in Wellesley Hills on 2 June 1891,[1] and was interred in St. Mary's Church Cemetery, in nearby Newton Lower Falls, Massachusetts.

References

  1. Johnson, Rossiter, ed. (1906). "Abbott, Josiah Gardner". The Biographical Dictionary of America. Vol. 1. Boston: American Biographical Society. p. 29. Retrieved October 20, 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. Rand, John Clark (1890). One of a Thousand: A Series of Biographical Sketches of One Thousand Representative Men Resident in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, A.D. 1888-'89. First national publishing Company. p. 2. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  3. Scott, ed., 1991. p. 1
  4. Scott, ed., 1991. p. 2
  5. Higginson, Thomas Wentworth (1866). Harvard Memorial Biographies. Sever and Francis. p. 82. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  6. Eicher, John H. and Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, p. 97. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3
  7. Hunt, Roger D. and Brown, Jack R., Brevet Brigadier Generals in Blue p. 1. Olde Soldier Books, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, 1990. ISBN 1-56013-002-4; Eicher and Eicher, 2001, p. 97
  8. Scott, Robert Garth, ed., Abbott, Henry Livermore, Fallen Leaves: The Civil War Letters of Major Henry Livermore Abbott, ed. by Robert Garth Scott. Kent Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1991. ISBN 0-87338-440-7; introduction by Robert Garth Scott, p. 1
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