Julia Parrish

Julia Parrish is an ecologist and conservation biologist at the University of Washington known for her research on seabirds and for her leadership in citizen science. She is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Julia Kathyrn Parrish
Alma materDuke University
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Washington
ThesisThe costs and benefits of schooling in fish (1988)

Education and career

Parrish has an undergraduate degree from Carnegie-Mellon (1982)[1] where she studied biochemistry and biophysics. While she was an undergraduate student, she spent a period of time at the Duke University Marine Laboratory, which she credits for guiding her towards getting her Ph.D. at Duke University studying the schooling behavior of fish.[2] Parrish moved to the University of Washington where she holds the Lowell A. and Frankie L. Wakefield Endowed Professorship.[3]

Research

Parrish's research is a combination of observational research and conservation activities. Her graduate research centered on fish where she examined mucus production by the Atlantic silverside fish[4] and the importance of physical location within schooling groups of fish.[5][6] Parrish began working on Tatoosh Island in 1990 after an invitation to the island from a graduate student in Bob Paine's lab.[7] Her work on the island focuses on common murres,[8] a seabird that forms dense nesting colonies on the island.[7] She has examined interactions between bald eagles and common murres and noted declines in the common murre population as a result of the recovery of the bald eagles.[9] Parrish has modeled the role of aggregating animals in the survival of organisms[10][11] and its subsequent implications for marine protected areas in the conservation of marine species.[12] Parrish's research has linked dead birds found on the beach with changing seawater off California,[13] the presence of harmful algal blooms,[14] and marine heatwaves.[15][16] Through the collection of data from volunteers, Parrish was able to link recent observations of the by-the-wind sailor jellyfish with seawater conditions off the beaches of California.[17][18][19]

Citizen science
Picture of dead bird
A common murre carcass found along the high wrack being prepared for photographic identification by COASST volunteers

Parrish founded and directs the Coastal Observation and Seabird Survey Team, COASST, a citizen science project started in 1999 that organizes volunteers to gather details about dead birds and marine debris on beaches along the west coast of the United States.[20][1] Parrish's activities include research into the scale of citizen science projects, the value of in-kind contributions made by volunteers,[21] factors limiting the use of data collected by citizen scientists,[22] and demographic factors leading to the success of data collection by citizen science projects.[23]

Selected publications
  • Animal Groups in Three Dimensions : How Species Aggregate. Julia K. Parrish, William M. Hamner. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1997. ISBN 978-0-511-60115-6. OCLC 776964988.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  • Parrish, Julia K.; Edelstein-Keshet, Leah (1999-04-02). "Complexity, Pattern, and Evolutionary Trade-Offs in Animal Aggregation". Science. 284 (5411): 99–101. Bibcode:1999Sci...284...99P. doi:10.1126/science.284.5411.99. PMID 10102827.
  • Parrish, Julia K.; Viscido, Steven V.; Grünbaum, Daniel (2002-06-01). "Self-Organized Fish Schools: An Examination of Emergent Properties". The Biological Bulletin. 202 (3): 296–305. doi:10.2307/1543482. ISSN 0006-3185. JSTOR 1543482. PMID 12087003. S2CID 377484.
  • Bonney, Rick; Shirk, Jennifer L.; Phillips, Tina B.; Wiggins, Andrea; Ballard, Heidi L.; Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.; Parrish, Julia K. (2014-03-28). "Next Steps for Citizen Science". Science. 343 (6178): 1436–1437. Bibcode:2014Sci...343.1436B. doi:10.1126/science.1251554. PMID 24675940. S2CID 206555629.

Awards and honors

References
  1. Wagner, Eric (June 15, 2010). "The Value of Dead Bird Watching". Pacific Standard. Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  2. "Julia K. Parrish | UW Biology". www.biology.washington.edu. Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  3. "Julia Parrish". College of the Environment. Retrieved 2021-10-06.
  4. Parrish, J. K.; Kroen, W. K. (1988). "Sloughed mucus and drag-reduction in a school of Atlantic silversides, Menidia menidia". Marine Biology. 97 (2): 165–169. doi:10.1007/BF00391298. ISSN 0025-3162. S2CID 84320189.
  5. Parrish, Julia K. (1989). "Re-examining the selfish herd: are central fish safer?". Animal Behaviour. 38 (6): 1048–1053. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(89)80143-5. S2CID 53148279.
  6. Parrish, Julia K. (1989). "Layering with depth in a heterospecific fish aggregation". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 26 (2): 79–85. doi:10.1007/BF00001024. ISSN 0378-1909. S2CID 40434181.
  7. LYKE, M. L. (2001-09-11). "Murre-maid of Tatoosh". seattlepi.com. Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  8. Parrish, Julia K. (1995). "Influence of Group Size and Habitat Type on Reproductive Success in Common Murres (Uria aalge)". The Auk. 112 (2): 390–401. doi:10.2307/4088726. ISSN 0004-8038. JSTOR 4088726.
  9. Parrish, Julia K.; Marvier, Michelle; Paine, Robert T. (2001). "Direct and Indirect Effects: Interactions Between Bald Eagles and Common Murres". Ecological Applications. 11 (6): 1858–1869. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1858:DAIEIB]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1051-0761.
  10. Parrish, J. K. (1999-04-02). "Complexity, Pattern, and Evolutionary Trade-Offs in Animal Aggregation". Science. 284 (5411): 99–101. Bibcode:1999Sci...284...99P. doi:10.1126/science.284.5411.99. PMID 10102827.
  11. Parrish, Julia K.; Viscido, Steven V.; Grünbaum, Daniel (2002). "Self-Organized Fish Schools: An Examination of Emergent Properties". The Biological Bulletin. 202 (3): 296–305. doi:10.2307/1543482. ISSN 0006-3185. JSTOR 1543482. PMID 12087003. S2CID 377484.
  12. Boersma, P.Dee; Parrish, Julia K (1999). "Limiting abuse: marine protected areas, a limited solution". Ecological Economics. 31 (2): 287–304. doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(99)00085-3.
  13. Parrish, Jk; Bond, N; Nevins, H; Mantua, N; Loeffel, R; Peterson, Wt; Harvey, Jt (2007-12-20). "Beached birds and physical forcing in the California Current System". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 352: 275–288. Bibcode:2007MEPS..352..275P. doi:10.3354/meps07077. ISSN 0171-8630.
  14. Jones, T; Parrish, Jk; Punt, Ae; Trainer, Vl; Kudela, R; Lang, J; Brancato, Ms; Odell, A; Hickey, B (2017-09-14). "Mass mortality of marine birds in the Northeast Pacific caused by Akashiwo sanguinea". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 579: 111–127. Bibcode:2017MEPS..579..111J. doi:10.3354/meps12253. ISSN 0171-8630.
  15. Jones, Timothy; Parrish, Julia K.; Peterson, William T.; Bjorkstedt, Eric P.; Bond, Nicholas A.; Ballance, Lisa T.; Bowes, Victoria; Hipfner, J. Mark; Burgess, Hillary K.; Dolliver, Jane E.; Lindquist, Kirsten (2018-04-16). "Massive Mortality of a Planktivorous Seabird in Response to a Marine Heatwave". Geophysical Research Letters. 45 (7): 3193–3202. Bibcode:2018GeoRL..45.3193J. doi:10.1002/2017GL076164. ISSN 0094-8276. S2CID 53398813.
  16. Piatt, John F.; Parrish, Julia K.; Renner, Heather M.; Schoen, Sarah K.; Jones, Timothy T.; Arimitsu, Mayumi L.; Kuletz, Kathy J.; Bodenstein, Barbara; García-Reyes, Marisol; Duerr, Rebecca S.; Corcoran, Robin M. (2020-01-15). Hyrenbach, David (ed.). "Extreme mortality and reproductive failure of common murres resulting from the northeast Pacific marine heatwave of 2014-2016". PLOS ONE. 15 (1): e0226087. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1526087P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0226087. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6961838. PMID 31940310.
  17. Jones, T; Parrish, Jk; Burgess, Hk (2021-03-18). "Long-term patterns of mass stranding of the colonial cnidarian Velella velella: influence of environmental forcing". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 662: 69–83. Bibcode:2021MEPS..662...69J. doi:10.3354/meps13644. ISSN 0171-8630. S2CID 232401785.
  18. Duncombe, Jenessa (2021-03-31). "Why Trillions of Jellyfish Washed Ashore from Canada to California". Eos. Retrieved 2021-10-06.
  19. Lindsey, John (August 10, 2021). "Moon jellies, by-the-wind sailors washing up on local shores | John Lindsey". Santa Ynez Valley News. Retrieved 2021-10-06.
  20. "Our Story – COASST". Retrieved 2021-10-06.
  21. Theobald, E. J.; Ettinger, A. K.; Burgess, H. K.; DeBey, L. B.; Schmidt, N. R.; Froehlich, H. E.; Wagner, C.; HilleRisLambers, J.; Tewksbury, J.; Harsch, M. A.; Parrish, J. K. (2015-01-01). "Global change and local solutions: Tapping the unrealized potential of citizen science for biodiversity research". Biological Conservation. 181: 236–244. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2014.10.021. ISSN 0006-3207.
  22. Burgess, H. K.; DeBey, L. B.; Froehlich, H. E.; Schmidt, N.; Theobald, E. J.; Ettinger, A. K.; HilleRisLambers, J.; Tewksbury, J.; Parrish, J. K. (2017-04-01). "The science of citizen science: Exploring barriers to use as a primary research tool". Biological Conservation. The role of citizen science in biological conservation. 208: 113–120. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.014. ISSN 0006-3207.
  23. Parrish, Julia K.; Jones, Timothy; Burgess, Hillary K.; He, Yurong; Fortson, Lucy; Cavalier, Darlene (2019-02-05). "Hoping for optimality or designing for inclusion: Persistence, learning, and the social network of citizen science". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (6): 1894–1901. Bibcode:2019PNAS..116.1894P. doi:10.1073/pnas.1807186115. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6369789. PMID 30718390.
  24. Stanford, © Stanford University; Notice, California 94305 Copyright Complaints Trademark (2006-03-16). "18 environmental researchers named 2006 Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellows". Stanford University. Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  25. "US NSF - ERE - Advisory Committee BE COV". www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  26. Mize, Alison (June 1, 2016). "Ecological Society of America announces 2016 fellows – The Ecological Society of America". Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  27. "AAAS Announces Leading Scientists Elected as 2019 Fellows | American Association for the Advancement of Science". www.aaas.org. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
  28. "Lifetime Achievement Award Recipients – Pacific Seabird Group". May 21, 2020. Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  29. "Julia k. parrish". The White House. Retrieved 2021-10-01.
  30. "Four Scientists Honored at White House". June 25, 2013.
  31. Champions of Change: Citizen Science on YouTube
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