Urgench

Urgench (Uzbek: Urganch/Урганч/اورگنج, pronounced [urɡæntʃ]; Russian: Ургенч, romanized: Urgench; Persian: گرگانج, Gorgånch/Gorgānč/Gorgânc/Gurganj) is a district-level city in western Uzbekistan. It is the capital of Xorazm Region.[2] The estimated population of Urgench in 2021 was 145,000,[1] an increase from 139,100 in 1999. It lies on the Amu Darya River and the Shavat canal. The city is situated 450 km (280 mi) west of Bukhara across the Kyzylkum Desert.

This article is about the city in Uzbekistan. For the ancient town in modern day Turkmenistan, see Konye-Urgench.
Urgench
Urganch / گرگانج
Urgench is located in Uzbekistan
Urgench
Urgench
Location in Uzbekistan
Coordinates: 41°33′N 60°38′E
Country Uzbekistan
RegionKhorazm Region
Established1643
Area
 • Total30 km2 (10 sq mi)
Elevation
91 m (299 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total145,000
 • Density4,800/km2 (13,000/sq mi)
Postal code
220100
Area code(+998) 62
Websitewww.urganchshahar.uz

History

The history of the city goes back to the second half of the 19th century. The city should not be confused with the similarly named city of Konye-Urgench (also known as "Old Urgench" or "Gurgench") in Turkmenistan. The city of Old Urgench was left after the Amu Darya river changed its course in the 16th century, leaving the old town without water. New Urgench was founded by Russians in the second half of the 19th century at the site of a little trade station of the Khanate of Khiva.

Modern Urgench is a Soviet-style city with cotton motifs adorning many objects, from street lights to apartment houses. Of note is a monument to the twenty Komsomol members killed by Tekke basmachi on the banks of the Syr Darya in 1922, and a large statue to Muhammad al-Khwarizmi, the 9th century local mathematician who revolutionised algebra, outside the Hotel Urgench. Urgench is the main gateway for tourists to Khiva, 35 kilometres (22 mi) to the southeast, whose old city, known as Itchan Kala, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Polish singer Anna German was born in Urgench in 1936.

Climate
Climate data for Urgench (1991–2020, extremes 1948–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 22.0
(71.6)		 31.0
(87.8)		 32.8
(91.0)		 38.0
(100.4)		 43.1
(109.6)		 43.5
(110.3)		 47.0
(116.6)		 46.4
(115.5)		 41.0
(105.8)		 35.3
(95.5)		 28.0
(82.4)		 21.0
(69.8)		 47.0
(116.6)
Average high °C (°F) 2.6
(36.7)		 5.5
(41.9)		 13.6
(56.5)		 22.0
(71.6)		 29.0
(84.2)		 34.4
(93.9)		 35.8
(96.4)		 34.0
(93.2)		 27.8
(82.0)		 20.3
(68.5)		 10.6
(51.1)		 4.0
(39.2)		 20.0
(67.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) −2.0
(28.4)		 0.1
(32.2)		 7.4
(45.3)		 15.4
(59.7)		 22.1
(71.8)		 27.2
(81.0)		 28.5
(83.3)		 26.0
(78.8)		 19.5
(67.1)		 12.2
(54.0)		 4.6
(40.3)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 13.2
(55.8)
Average low °C (°F) −5.8
(21.6)		 −4.4
(24.1)		 2.0
(35.6)		 8.9
(48.0)		 14.6
(58.3)		 19.1
(66.4)		 20.6
(69.1)		 18.0
(64.4)		 11.7
(53.1)		 5.3
(41.5)		 −0.3
(31.5)		 −4.3
(24.3)		 7.1
(44.8)
Record low °C (°F) −26.1
(−15.0)		 −26.1
(−15.0)		 −17.2
(1.0)		 −6.1
(21.0)		 1.1
(34.0)		 6.1
(43.0)		 10.0
(50.0)		 5.0
(41.0)		 −1.0
(30.2)		 −10.8
(12.6)		 −20.0
(−4.0)		 −27.8
(−18.0)		 −27.8
(−18.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 18.7
(0.74)		 23.3
(0.92)		 27.0
(1.06)		 23.5
(0.93)		 20.4
(0.80)		 7.3
(0.29)		 2.9
(0.11)		 1.9
(0.07)		 3.5
(0.14)		 11.8
(0.46)		 19.5
(0.77)		 23.9
(0.94)		 183.7
(7.23)
Average relative humidity (%) 80 74 68 51 41 39 41 46 51 56 65 77 57
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net [3]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (Humidity 1961-1990)[4]
  • View of the central market area of Urgench from the fifth floor of the Hamkor Bank building. In the background, the blue and white building of the "Gipermarket", the largest shopping centre in Urgench.
    View of the central market area of Urgench from the fifth floor of the Hamkor Bank building. In the background, the blue and white building of the "Gipermarket", the largest shopping centre in Urgench.
  • Honey merchant in the central market.
    Honey merchant in the central market.
  • Monument of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi
    Monument of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi

See also

References
  1. "Viloyat bo'yicha shahar va qishloq aholisi soni" [Urban and rural population in the region] (PDF) (in Uzbek). Xorazm regional department of statistics.
  2. "Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan" (in Uzbek and Russian). The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics. July 2020.
  3. "Weather and Climate – The Climate of Urgench" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  4. "Klimatafel von Urgentsch (Urganch), Gebiet Choresm / Usbekistan" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  • Media related to Urgench at Wikimedia Commons

41°33′N 60°38′E

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