KGHM Polska Miedź

In 1951, the construction of the Copper Smelter in Legnica was commenced to smelt copper from the ore mined in the so-called old Lower Silesian copper basin ("Lena" and "Konrad" mines).[8]

In 1957, Jan Wyżykowski discovered copper ore deposits near Lubin and Polkowice ("Sieroszowice" field).[9]

On December 28, 1959 by the decision of the Ministry of Heavy Industry, Zakłady Górnicze "Lubin" was established as a state owned company and in 1961, transformed into Kombinat Górniczo-Hutniczy Miedzi (KGHM), which was supposed to deal with the extraction and processing of copper extracted from the newly discovered fields.[10] At the same time, KGHM incorporated two copper mines in the area of the piedmont of the Sudetes from the old copper-bearing basin (closed in 1973 - "Lena" and in 2000 - "Konrad").[11][12]

In the years 1962-1975, Tadeusz Zastawnik was the director of KGHM (in the years 1952-1957 he was a Member of Parliament, and in the mid-1950s the director of the Union of Mining and Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals). In 1968, the construction of the "Lubin" and "Polkowice" mines and the modernization of the Legnica smelter ended. The construction of the Głogów smelter started, and at the end of the 1960s, geologists discovered new, even richer copper deposits in Rudna.

In January 1996, the "Polkowice-Sieroszowice" Division was established, which was established as the result of the merger "Polkowice" and "Sieroszowice" mines.[13]

From the day the state enterprise was established, until August 9, 1976, the Minister of Heavy Industry, and then the Minister of Metallurgy (the office was transformed into the office of the Minister of Metallurgy and Machine Industry) supervised operations.

On September 9, 1991, the state-owned enterprise Kombinat Górniczo-Hutniczy Miedzi in Lubin was transformed into a sole-shareholder company of the State Treasury - KGHM Polska Miedź SA. On September 12, 1991, the company was entered in the commercial register kept by the District Court in Legnica and on the same day, the court removed the former entity from the register of state-owned enterprises.[14]

Rudna Copper Mine in Lower Silesia, Poland

On December 6, 2011, the management boards of KGHM Polska Miedź SA and Quadra FNX Mining Ltd. signed an agreement on the takeover of the Canadian enterprise by KGHM. On February 20, 2012, the general meeting of shareholders of Quadra FNX Mining Ltd. accepted the transaction of a friendly takeover of 100% of shares in the company Quadra FNX by KGHM Polska Miedź SA, and on March 5, 2012, the above transaction was closed.[15][16]

Since then, Quadra FNX has been operating under the new name of KGHM International Ltd. The transaction value amounted to approximately $2.9 billion.[17] The purchase was financed with funds of KGHM After the acquisition, the size of the combined resource base is 37.4 million tons of copper (fourth largest deposit in the world). The combined annual copper production was then 526 thousand tonnes. One of the key assets of KGHM International Ltd. is the Sierra Gorda field. The deposit is located in Chile and contains 1.3 billion tons of ore rich in copper, gold and molybdenum.[18]

In May 2015, a new production line was launched at the Nitroerg plant in Bieruń.[19]

In 2022, the company announced plans to invest in the renewable energy sector, especially in offshore wind farms,[20] and potential acquisitions of finished photovoltaic farms projects. The company is also preparing a series of investments connected to buying, processing and preparing copper-bearing scrap. Asked about the potential impact of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine on the compnay, KGHM's CEO Marcin Chludzinski responded that it "would not have a significant impact on the company's operations" and that potential sanctions on Russian copper would be positive for the company.[21]

In May 2022, KGHM was represented in the Polish delegation headed by Polish President Andrzej Duda and Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki at the 2022 Davos World Economic Forum as part of the promotion of the Polish economy. The same year, the company also signed an agreement with US-based company NuScale Power to implement small modular nuclear reactor (SMR) technology in Poland. The first power plant is to be in operation by 2029.[22][23]

In 2023, the company announced a multi-million investment project in the Legnica Copper Smelter and Refinery in an effort to protect the environment. The project aims to nearly completely eliminate arsenic and mercury emissions thanks to a new Post-Process Gas Treatment Plant.[24]

KGHM Polska Miedź currently has two subsidiaries:

• KGHM International Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary
• Sierra Gorda SCM is a 55% subsidiary

KGHM is led by a five-member management board, which is led by president and CEO Marcin Chludziński. The other members are Radosław Stach, Katarzyna Kreczmańska-Gigol, Adam Bugajczuk and Paweł Gruza. The supervisory board is led by chairman Andrzej Kisielewicz and vice chairman Leszek Banaszak.[25]

Since July 1997, KGHM has been listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.[26]

As of February 2019 the company's shareholder structure is:[27]

• 31.79% - Polish State Treasury
• 5.05% - Nationale-Nederlanden OFE
• 5.02% - Aviva OFE
• 58.13% - Other shareholders

The Robinson Mine is located in Nevada. It is an open pit mine that produces copper with byproduct gold and molybdenum. It was KGHM International's most profitable mine, pulling in a net revenue of $532.9 million in 2012.

The Carlota Mine is located in Arizona. Like the Robinson mine, it is an open pit mine and produces copper. It is scheduled to close in 2013, despite operating through multiple court challenges.[29] Its net revenue for 2012 was $84.1 million.

Sierra Gorda Project mining in Chile is a Copper-Molybdenum open pit mine which started production on October 1, 2014 and is a jointly operated by KGHM International Ltd (55%), Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. (31.5%) and Sumitomo Corporation (13.5%).

The Franke Mine is located in northern Chile. It is also an open pit mine and produces copper. Its net revenue for 2012 was $152.5 million. KGHM International is blending Franke pit with a partnered China mine, with less mining being focused on Franke.[30]

KGHM owns three copper smelters: "Głogów", "Legnica", and "Cedynia".[31] KGHM's smelters also produce lead, refined lead, sulphuric acid, nickel sulphate, and platinum-palladium concentrate.

• Deep Głogów[32]
• Victoria[33]
• Ajax Mine Project[34]
• Sierra Gorda mine[35]