Kaldrma

Kaldrma (Serbian Cyrillic: Калдрма)[1] is a village located in the Gračac municipality within the Zadar County in Croatia.

Kaldrma
Калдрма (Serbian)[1]
Village
Kaldrma, railway station
Kaldrma, railway station
Kaldrma is located in Croatia
Kaldrma
Kaldrma
Coordinates: 44°18′44″N 16°11′21″E
Country Croatia
CountyZadar County
MunicipalityGračac
Area
[2]
 • Total4.1 km2 (1.6 sq mi)
Elevation
679 m (2,228 ft)
Population
 (2021)[3]
 • Total20
 • Density4.9/km2 (13/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
23446 Kaldrma
Area code+385 (23)

Population

According to the 2011 census, Kaldrma had 31 inhabitants.[4]

Population[5]
1857186918801890190019101921193119481953196119711981199120012011
2462521922192392682302811811892122091931752331

1991 census

According to the 1991 census, settlement of Kaldrma had 175 inhabitants, which were ethnically declared as this:

Kaldrma
1991

total: 175

  Serbs 173 (98.85%)
  Yugoslavs 2 (1.14%)

Austro-Hungarian 1910 census

According to the 1910 census, settlement of Kaldrma had 268 inhabitants in 2 hamlets, which were linguistically and religiously declared as this:

Population by language Croatian or Serbian
Kaldrma 182
Zavlaka 86
Total 268 (100%)
Population by religion Eastern Orthodox
Kaldrma 182
Zavlaka 86
Total 268 (100%)

Transport

Railway

Kaldrma railway station was built on the Oštrelj-Drvar-Knin narrow-gauge railway in 1902. The so-called Steinbeiss Railway, built mainly to service the fledgling timber industry, branched off past Drvar, further to Jajce and Prijedor. After WWII, in 1948 the Knin-Kaldrma section was upgraded to a normal gauge in order to become a part of a new Una railway, an important rail link between Zagreb and Dalmatia. Old narrow-gauge line towards Drvar branched off from Una railway in Kaldrma. While other narrow-gauge sections further east were gradually closed, amidst heavy lobbying and protests from locals, Kaldrma kept its old link to Drvar until May 28, 1978, when the last train arrived from Drvar to Kaldrma station. In 1987, Una railway was electrified.

Traffic on Una railway was only sporadic during the Croatian War of Independence (1991–1995) due to the breakaway Serb Krajina blockade. After 1995, traffic was not reintroduced due to the damage and difficulties concerning numerous border crossings on the line.[6]

Nature

A lake situated northwest from Kaldrma railway station is believed to be a rare example of bifurcation;[7] namely, some of the lake's water ends up in the Black Sea via Una river, while some of it flows into the Adriatic Sea via Krka river.

Literature
  • Savezni zavod za statistiku i evidenciju FNRJ i SFRJ, popis stanovništva 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981. i 1991. godine.
  • Knjiga: "Narodnosni i vjerski sastav stanovništva Hrvatske, 1880-1991: po naseljima, author: Jakov Gelo, izdavač: Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, 1998., ISBN 953-6667-07-X, ISBN 978-953-6667-07-9;

References
  1. Government of Croatia (October 2013). "Peto izvješće Republike Hrvatske o primjeni Europske povelje o regionalnim ili manjinskim jezicima" (PDF) (in Croatian). Council of Europe. p. 36. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  2. Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia. Wikidata Q119585703.
  3. "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements, 2021 Census". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
  4. "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements, 2011 Census: Kaldrma". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
  5. - Republika Hrvatska - Državni zavod za statistiku: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857.-2001.
  6. "ZBOG JUGOSLAVIJE IZGRAĐENA, A ONDA ZBOG NJEZINA RASPADA ZABORAVLJENA Unska pruga godinama čeka nove lokomotive, uz nju su i obrisi 'Savkine autoceste' - Jutarnji List". www.jutarnji.hr. Retrieved 2019-11-20.
  7. Zadarski list Damir Maričić: Priča o dvije rijeke, 3. rujna 2009., preuzeto 20. lipnja 2011.


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